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Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England... Sep 2022Phototherapy, the use of light to selectively ablate cancerous tissue, is a compelling prospect. Phototherapy is divided into two major domains: photodynamic and... (Review)
Review
Phototherapy, the use of light to selectively ablate cancerous tissue, is a compelling prospect. Phototherapy is divided into two major domains: photodynamic and photothermal, whereby photosensitizer irradiation generates reactive oxygen species or heat, respectively, to disrupt the cancer microenvironment. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) are prominent phototherapeutics due to their desirable optical properties and structural versatility. Targeting of Pc photosensitizers historically relied on the enhanced permeation and retention effect, but the weak specificity engendered by this approach has hindered bench-to-clinic translation. To improve specificity, antibody and peptide active-targeting groups have been employed to some effect. An alternative targeting method exploits the binding of anticancer drugs to direct the photosensitizer close to essential cellular components, allowing for precise, synergistic phototherapy. This Perspective explores the use of Pc-drug conjugates as targeted anticancer phototherapeutic systems with examples of Pc-platin, Pc-kinase, and Pc-anthracycline conjugates discussed in detail.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Humans; Indoles; Isoindoles; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phototherapy; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 36018269
DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02040h -
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews May 2022
Review
Topics: Humans; Light; Nanoparticles; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Phototherapy
PubMed: 35301045
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114198 -
European Journal of Pharmacology Jan 2023Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most common types of cancers worldwide. Despite the existing surgical techniques, prostatectomy patients may experience tumor... (Review)
Review
Prostate cancer (CaP) is one of the most common types of cancers worldwide. Despite the existing surgical techniques, prostatectomy patients may experience tumor recurrence. In addition, castration-resistant cancers pose a challenge, especially given their lack of response to standard care. Thus, the development of more efficient therapies has become a field of great interest, and photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are promising alternatives, given their high capacity to cause cell injury and consequent tumor ablation. Phototherapy, along with chemotherapy, has also been shown to be more effective than pharmacotherapy alone. Free molecules used as photosensitizers are rapidly cleared from the body, do not accumulate in the tumor, and are primarily hydrophobic and require toxic solvents. Thus, the use of nanoparticles can be an effective strategy, given their ability to carry or bind to different molecules, protecting them from degradation and allowing their association with other surface ligands, which favors permeation and retention at the tumor site. Despite this, there is still a gap in the literature regarding the use of phototherapy in association with nanotechnology for the treatment of CaP. In this scoping review, it was found that most of the particles studied could act synergistically through PDT and PTT. In addition, fluorescent quenchers can act as diagnostic and therapeutic tools. However, future clinical studies should be performed to confirm the benefits and safety of the combination of nanoparticles and phototherapy for CaP.
Topics: Male; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Phototherapy; Prostatic Neoplasms; Neoplasms; Photosensitizing Agents; Nanoparticles; Photochemotherapy; Cell Line, Tumor
PubMed: 36435234
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175421 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2023Tumors are a major public health issue of concern to humans, seriously threatening the safety of people's lives and property. With the increasing demand for early and... (Review)
Review
Tumors are a major public health issue of concern to humans, seriously threatening the safety of people's lives and property. With the increasing demand for early and accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment of tumors, noninvasive optical imaging (including fluorescence imaging and photoacoustic imaging) and tumor synergistic therapies (phototherapy synergistic with chemotherapy, phototherapy synergistic with immunotherapy, etc.) have received increasing attention. In particular, light in the near-infrared second region (NIR-II) has triggered great research interest due to its penetration depth, minimal tissue autofluorescence, and reduced tissue absorption and scattering. Nanomaterials with many advantages, such as high brightness, great photostability, tunable photophysical properties, and excellent biosafety offer unlimited possibilities and are being investigated for NIR-II tumor imaging-guided synergistic oncotherapy. In recent years, many researchers have tried various approaches to investigate nanomaterials, including gold nanomaterials, two-dimensional materials, metal sulfide oxides, polymers, carbon nanomaterials, NIR-II dyes, and other nanomaterials for tumor diagnostic and therapeutic integrated nanoplatform construction. In this paper, the application of multifunctional nanomaterials in tumor NIR-II imaging and collaborative therapy in the past three years is briefly reviewed, and the current research status is summarized and prospected, with a view to contributing to future tumor therapy.
Topics: Humans; Phototherapy; Polymers; Nanostructures; Neoplasms; Optical Imaging; Nanoparticles; Theranostic Nanomedicine
PubMed: 38069279
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316949 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023The intriguing properties of metal sulfide nanoparticles (=MxSy-NPs), particularly transition metal dichalcogenides, are discussed for their use in diverse biological... (Review)
Review
The intriguing properties of metal sulfide nanoparticles (=MxSy-NPs), particularly transition metal dichalcogenides, are discussed for their use in diverse biological applications. Herein, recent advances in MxSy-NPs-based imaging (MRI, CT, optical and photoacoustic) and phototherapy (photothermal and photodynamic) are presented. Also, recent made progress in the use of immuno-phototherapy combinatorial approaches in vitro and in vivo are reported. Furthermore, challenges in nanomaterials-based therapies and future research directions by applying MxSy-NPs in combinatorial therapies are envisaged.
Topics: Humans; Nanoparticles; Phototherapy; Metal Nanoparticles; Diagnostic Imaging; Sulfides; Neoplasms
PubMed: 36985525
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062553 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2023Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), is a non-invasive and effective approach used for cancer treatment, in which... (Review)
Review
Phototherapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), is a non-invasive and effective approach used for cancer treatment, in which phototherapeutic agents are irradiated with an appropriate light source to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) or heat to ablate cancer cells. Unfortunately, traditional phototherapy lacks a facile imaging method to monitor the therapeutic process and efficiency in real time, usually leading to severe side effects due to high levels of ROS and hyperthermia. To realize precise cancer treatment methods, it is highly desired to develop phototherapeutic agents possessing an imaging ability to evaluate the therapeutic process and efficacy in real time during cancer phototherapy. Recently, a series of self-reporting phototherapeutic agents were reported to monitor PDT and PTT processes by combining optical imaging technologies with phototherapy. Due to the real-time feedback provided by optical imaging technology, therapeutic responses or dynamic changes in the tumor microenvironment could be evaluated in a timely manner, thereby achieving personalized precision treatment and minimizing toxic side effects. In this review, we focus on the advances in the development of self-reporting phototherapeutic agents for a cancer phototherapy evaluation based on optical imaging technology to realize precision cancer treatments. Additionally, we propose the current challenges and future directions of self-reporting agents for precision medicine.
Topics: Humans; Reactive Oxygen Species; Phototherapy; Photochemotherapy; Optical Imaging; Photothermal Therapy; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Photosensitizing Agents; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 37241733
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103992 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Jun 2015Phototherapy is a treatment option for atopic dermatitis recommended by several guidelines. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Phototherapy is a treatment option for atopic dermatitis recommended by several guidelines.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a systematic review of the efficacy of different modalities of phototherapy and photochemotherapy in moderate to severe atopic dermatitis.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We considered all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) performed in patients with atopic dermatitis, and accepted all outcome measures. Articles were identified via an online search of the MEDLINE (via Ovid) and Embase databases and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We also searched for clinical trials registered in Current Controlled Trials and in the World Health Organization's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform.
RESULTS
Twenty-one RCTs (961 patients) were included in the qualitative analysis. Two of the trials included children and adolescents (32 patients). The efficacy of narrow-band UV-B and UV-A1 phototherapy was similar for the different outcome measures contemplated. Two RCTs assessed the efficacy of psoralen plus UV-A therapy (PUVA). No serious adverse events were described. In general, the publications reviewed were characterized by a high risk of bias and poor reporting of methodology and results.
CONCLUSIONS
There is evidence for the use of narrow-band UV-B and UV-A1 phototherapy in moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. Evidence supporting the use of PUVA in atopic dermatitis is scarce and there is little information on the use of phototherapy in childhood. For the purpose of future studies, it would be advisable to use comparable criteria and scales for the evaluation of disease severity and patients, to standardize radiation methods, and to establish a minimum follow-up time.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; Dermatitis, Atopic; Humans; PUVA Therapy; Phototherapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Treatment Outcome; Ultraviolet Therapy
PubMed: 25728564
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2014.12.017 -
International Journal of Hyperthermia :... 2023Cancer is a devastating health problem with inadequate treatment options. Many conventional treatments for solid-tumor cancers lack tumor specificity, which results in... (Review)
Review
Cancer is a devastating health problem with inadequate treatment options. Many conventional treatments for solid-tumor cancers lack tumor specificity, which results in low efficacy and off-target damage to healthy tissues. Nanoparticle (NP)-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising minimally invasive treatment for solid-tumor cancers that has entered clinical trials. Traditionally, NPs used for PTT are coated with passivating agents and/or targeting ligands, but alternative coatings are being explored to enhance tumor specific delivery. In particular, cell-derived membranes have emerged as promising coatings that improve the biointerfacing of photoactive NPs, which reduces their immune recognition, prolongs their systemic circulation and increases their tumor accumulation, allowing for more effective PTT. To maximize treatment success, membrane-wrapped nanoparticles (MWNPs) that enable dual tumor imaging and PTT are being explored. These multifunctional theranostic NPs can be used to enhance tumor detection and/or ensure a sufficient quantity of NPs that have arrived in the tumor prior to laser irradiation. This review summarizes the current state-of-the-art in engineering MWNPs for combination cancer imaging and PTT and discusses considerations for the path toward clinical translation.
Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Phototherapy; Nanoparticles; Diagnostic Imaging; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37903544
DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2023.2272066 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2017Development of multifunctional nanomaterials, one of the most interesting and advanced research areas in the field of nanotechnology, is anticipated to revolutionize... (Review)
Review
Development of multifunctional nanomaterials, one of the most interesting and advanced research areas in the field of nanotechnology, is anticipated to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are now being widely utilized in bio-imaging and phototherapy due to their tunable and highly sensitive optical and electronic properties (the surface plasmon resonance). As a new concept, termed "theranostics," multifunctional AuNPs may contain diagnostic and therapeutic functions that can be integrated into one system, thereby simultaneously facilitating diagnosis and therapy and monitoring therapeutic responses. In this review, the important properties of AuNPs relevant to diagnostic and phototherapeutic applications such as structure, shape, optics, and surface chemistry are described. Barriers for translational development of theranostic AuNPs and recent advances in the application of AuNPs for cancer diagnosis, photothermal, and photodynamic therapy are discussed.
Topics: Gold; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Photochemotherapy; Phototherapy; Surface Plasmon Resonance; Theranostic Nanomedicine
PubMed: 28883725
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S140772 -
Lasers in Medical Science Jan 2010The novel concept of non-ablative fractional photothermolysis was introduced to the market in 2003 as an answer to the need for effective, yet low risk, resurfacing... (Review)
Review
The novel concept of non-ablative fractional photothermolysis was introduced to the market in 2003 as an answer to the need for effective, yet low risk, resurfacing techniques. Unlike conventional ablative and non-ablative lasers, fractional ablative and non-ablative photothermolysis treats only a fraction of the skin, leaving up to a maximum of 95% of the skin uninvolved. The undamaged surrounding tissue allows for a reservoir of viable tissue, permitting rapid epidermal repair. Non-ablative fractional photothermolysis is currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of pigmented lesions, periorbital rhytides, skin resurfacing, melasma and soft tissue coagulation, acne and surgical scars, and actinic keratoses. However, its off-label use is clearly more extended. In 2007 the concept was further developed, and ablative fractional photothermolysis was introduced, using an erbium yttrium aluminium garnet (Er: YAG) or carbon dioxide laser. These devices are FDA cleared to treat wrinkles, rhytides, furrows, fine lines, textural irregularities, pigmented lesions and vascular dyschromia. In this review we discuss the two concepts, their technical details and clinical indications, and we describe the current literature available.
Topics: Humans; Low-Level Light Therapy; Phototherapy; Skin Diseases
PubMed: 19787413
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-009-0734-8