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BioMed Research International 2023The present study investigated the phytochemical content of , , and and assessed their radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties. n-Hexane, dichloromethane...
The present study investigated the phytochemical content of , , and and assessed their radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties. n-Hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts were prepared from the powdered plant parts. The phytochemical analysis was performed using qualitative high-performance thin-layer chromatography, and polyphenols were quantified using well-established methods. The anti-inflammatory effect was by lipoxygenase inhibition, while the antiradical impact was evaluated through DPPH and ABTS radicals. Steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and tannins were identified in the three plants. The highest phenolic content (95.67 ± 2.19 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) was obtained in the methanolic extract of , while the lowest was measured in . was found to be highly rich in flavonoids (61.22 ± 0.09 mg rutin equivalent/g), condensed tannins (62.53 ± 0.03 mg catechin equivalent/g), and hydrolyzable tannins (125.1 ± 1.02 mg tannic acid equivalent/g). The methanolic extract of displayed the greatest antilipoxygenase activity with an IC value of 8.78 ± 1.05 g/mL. It should be noted that although a moderate to low effect was observed, the extracts were more likely to scavenge DPPH (IC values ranged from 0.106 ± 0.010 to 1 mg/mL) than ABTS radicals. There was a strong to moderate correlation between the antilipoxygenase and DPPH radical scavenging effects of the methanolic extracts and total phenolic content (antilipoxygenase, = 0.7175; DPPH, = 0.9376). Furthermore, it is worth noting that this is the first report investigating the phytochemical analysis and biological properties of . The results highlighted the richness of this plant in polyphenols and demonstrated its high and moderate effects on lipoxygenase and DPPH radicals, respectively. To this intent, further and studies on this plant, along with exhaustive phytochemical analysis, are needed.
Topics: Antioxidants; Hibiscus; Plant Extracts; Malvaceae; Flavonoids; Phenols; Phytochemicals; Amaranthaceae; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Lipoxygenases
PubMed: 38162338
DOI: 10.1155/2023/8289750 -
Journal of Ethnopharmacology Jan 2015Trees and shrubs of the genus Betula (Betulaceae) inhabit various ecosystems in temperate and boreal climate zones of the northern hemisphere. The healing properties of... (Review)
Review
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE
Trees and shrubs of the genus Betula (Betulaceae) inhabit various ecosystems in temperate and boreal climate zones of the northern hemisphere. The healing properties of Betula bark and bark extracts have been known for a long time in traditional medicine in different parts of the world. Several species of Betula have traditionally been used for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases including arthritis. The purpose of this review is to provide updated, comprehensive and categorized information on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological and toxicological research of Betula species in order to explore their therapeutic potential and evaluate future research opportunities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
All the available information on various species belonging to the genus Betula was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, SciFinder, Scirus, Google Scholar, JCCC@INSTIRC and Web of Science) and a library search for articles published in peer-reviewed journals.
RESULTS
Although over a hundred Betula species are found distributed globally, about 7 different species of Betula have been documented for their traditional uses. Phytochemical research on Betula species has led to the isolation of triterpenoids, diarylheptanoids, phenylbutanoids, lignans, phenolics and flavonoids. Crude extracts, fractions and phytochemical constituents isolated from Betula showed a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities like immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, antidiabetic, dermatological, gastroprotective and hepatoprotective. Antiarthritic and anticancer are the two major areas of research conducted on these species. The anti-carcinogenic effects of Betula bark, betulin as well as betulinic acid have been extensively studied.
CONCLUSIONS
Several species belonging to the genus Betula are widely used in traditional medicine. Betula platyphylla and Betula pendula have specifically been found to be potentially useful in the treatment of degenerative joint disease. There is convincing evidence in experimental animal models in support of their anti-carcinogenic effects. However, it would be worthwhile to investigate the biochemical and physiological mechanisms as well as detailed preclinical toxicity, bioavailability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the different biologically active extracts as well as molecules in sufficient detail. An integrated and holistic approach is required for tapping the full potentials of this important genus.
Topics: Animals; Betula; Ethnopharmacology; Humans; Medicine, Traditional; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 25449458
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.11.010 -
Biomolecules Jun 2020Medicinal plants are used to treat diseases and provide health benefits, and their applications are increasing around the world [...].
Medicinal plants are used to treat diseases and provide health benefits, and their applications are increasing around the world [...].
Topics: Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antioxidants; Biotechnology; Computational Biology; Humans; Phytochemicals; Plants, Medicinal
PubMed: 32575904
DOI: 10.3390/biom10060936 -
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Jun 2021Himalayan Columbine (Aquilegia pubiflora Wall. Ex Royle) is a medicinal plant and have been used as traditional treatments for various human diseases including skin...
Phytochemical analysis and versatile in vitro evaluation of antimicrobial, cytotoxic and enzyme inhibition potential of different extracts of traditionally used Aquilegia pubiflora Wall. Ex Royle.
BACKGROUND
Himalayan Columbine (Aquilegia pubiflora Wall. Ex Royle) is a medicinal plant and have been used as traditional treatments for various human diseases including skin burns, jaundice, hepatitis, wound healing, cardiovascular and circulatory diseases. Till now there is no report available on phytochemical investigation of Himalayan Columbine and to the best of our knowledge, through present study we have reported for the first time, the phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potentials of different leaf extracts of Aquilegia pubiflora.
METHODS
Four types of extracts were prepared using solvent of different polarities (Distilled water AP, Methanol AP, Ethanol AP and Ethyl acetate AP), and were evaluated to determine the best candidate for potent bioactivity. Phytochemical constituents in prepared extracts were quantified through HPLC analysis. Subsequently, all four types of leaf extracts were then evaluated for their potential bioactivities including antimicrobial, protein kinase inhibition, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, anti-aging and cytotoxic effect.
RESULTS
HPLC analysis demonstrated the presence of dvitexin, isovitexin, orientin, isoorientin, ferulic acid, sinapic acid and chlorogenic acid in varied proportions in all plant extracts. Antimicrobial studies showed that, K. pneumonia was found to be most susceptible to inhibition zones of 11.2 ± 0.47, 13.9 ± 0.33, 12.7 ± 0.41, and 13.5 ± 0.62 measured at 5 mg/mL for AP, AP, AP and AP respectively. A. niger was the most susceptible strain in case of AP with the highest zone of inhibition 14.3 ± 0.32, 13.2 ± 0.41 in case of AP, 13.7 ± 0.39 for AP while 15.4 ± 0.43 zone of inhibition was recorded in case of AP at 5 mg/mL. The highest antioxidant activity of 92.6 ± 1.8 μgAAE/mg, 89.2 ± 2.4 μgAAE/mg, 277.5 ± 2.9 μM, 289.9 ± 1.74 μM for TAC, TRP, ABTS and FRAP, respectively, was shown by AP. AP, AP and AP extracts showed a significant % cell inhibition (above 40%) against HepG2 cells. The highest anti-inflammatory of the samples was shown by AP (52.5 ± 1.1) against sPLA2, (41.2 ± 0.8) against 15-LOX, followed by (38.5 ± 1.5) and (32.4 ± 0.8) against COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Strong antimicrobial, Protein Kinase potency and considerable α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and cytotoxic potential were exhibited by plant samples. Significant anti-Alzheimer, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and kinase inhibitory potential of each plant sample thus aware us for further detailed research to determine novel drugs.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Antioxidants; Aquilegia; Cell Survival; Enzyme Inhibitors; Flavonoids; Hep G2 Cells; Humans; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 34098912
DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03333-y -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2023There are approximately 250 species of L. distributed throughout the world, with North America and South America being centers of diversity on this continent. In the... (Review)
Review
There are approximately 250 species of L. distributed throughout the world, with North America and South America being centers of diversity on this continent. In the central-western region of Mexico there may be around 28 species of this genus. Some species are cultivated as leafy vegetables, ornamental, and medicinal plants. In traditional medicine they are used to treat respiratory and gastrointestinal conditions, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, among others. This review addresses the phytochemistry and biological activities, as well as traditional uses, distribution, and characteristics of the eight species of reported as medicinal in the central-western region of Mexico: , , (or ), , , , , and . The extracts of the different spp. have shown biological activities such as hypoglycemic, hypocholesterolemic, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant, among others. is the most studied species, and phytochemical analyses, performed mainly by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS), have shown its content of terpenoids, fatty acids, organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, sterols, saccharides, polyalcohols, and aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. According to the results of this review on spp., they constitute a relevant alternative as a source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical, food, and other industries. However, there is a lot of research to be conducted regarding phytochemistry, biological activities, cultivation, and propagation, in those species with few or no reports.
Topics: Ethnobotany; Eryngium; Apiaceae; Mexico; Plant Extracts; Phytochemicals; Ethnopharmacology
PubMed: 37241835
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104094 -
Biomolecules Dec 2023species have a long history in traditional medicine as a basis of treatment for various ailments such as a bloody cough, dysentery, and a high fever. There are about 26... (Review)
Review
species have a long history in traditional medicine as a basis of treatment for various ailments such as a bloody cough, dysentery, and a high fever. There are about 26 accepted species names in this genus distributed worldwide, including , , , , and . This work presents a comprehensive review of the traditional uses of plants of the genus and their chemical constituents and biological activities. A bibliographic search was conducted to identify available information on ethnobotany, ethnopharmacology, chemical composition, and biological activities. A total of 98 isolated compounds potentially responsible for most of the traditional medicinal applications have been reported from eight species of and are characterised as flavonoid, spirostane, furostane, and cholestane glycosides. Some of these pure compounds, as well as extracts from some species of , have exhibited noteworthy anti-oxidant, antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and hypolipidemic activities. Although many of these species have not yet been investigated phytochemically or pharmacologically, they remain a potential source of new bioactive compounds.
Topics: Ethnobotany; Phytotherapy; Cordyline; Phytochemicals; Ethnopharmacology; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 38136652
DOI: 10.3390/biom13121783 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022Thrombocytopenia is a clinical manifestation that refers to the low platelet count, i.e., <150 × 103/μL, of blood, resulting in imbalanced hemostasis, which leads to... (Review)
Review
Thrombocytopenia is a clinical manifestation that refers to the low platelet count, i.e., <150 × 103/μL, of blood, resulting in imbalanced hemostasis, which leads to several fatal complications. The causative factors vary greatly, but, as a consequence, they interfere with platelet production and promote destruction, leading to death. Carica papaya leaf has unique therapeutic and medicinal characteristics against thrombocytopenia, and this is supported by scientific studies. Secondary metabolites and minerals in the leaf, such as carpaine and quercetin, promote platelet production, inhibit platelet destruction, and maintain platelet membrane through gene expression activity and the ceasing of viral proteases, respectively. This review explores the scientific studies that support the role of papaya leaf in the form of juice, extract, or powder against thrombocytopenia through animal modeling and clinical trials. Phytochemical profiles of C. papaya leaf revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols, cardiac glycosides, tannins, terpenes, and saponins, which impart therapeutic potential to the leaf. The therapeutic benefits of the leaf include immunomodulatory, antiviral, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimalarial, antiangiogenic, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities. Several conducted scientific research studies have proved the efficacy of C. papaya leaf against thrombocytopenia, expanding the implication of natural sources to eradicate numerous ailments.
Topics: Animals; Carica; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plant Leaves; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 35566112
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092760 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023Phytochemicals are plant secondary metabolites that show health benefits for humans due to their bioactivity. There is a huge variety of phytochemicals that have already... (Review)
Review
Phytochemicals are plant secondary metabolites that show health benefits for humans due to their bioactivity. There is a huge variety of phytochemicals that have already been identified, and these compounds can act as antimicrobial and neuroprotection agents. Due to their anti-microbial activity and neuroprotection, several phytochemicals might have the potency to be used as natural therapeutic agents, especially for infection and neurodegenerative disease, which have become a global health concern nowadays. According to previous research, there are some connections between infection and neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease. Hence, this comprehensive review examines different kinds of phytochemicals from natural sources as potential therapeutic agents to reduce infection and improve neurodegenerative disease. An additional large-scale study is needed to establish the connection between infection and neurodegenerative disease and how phytochemicals could improve this condition.
Topics: Humans; Helicobacter pylori; Helicobacter Infections; Neuroprotective Agents; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Phytochemicals
PubMed: 37894629
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207150 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jan 2019The application of medicinal plants are the most important biotechnological alternative in the treatment of numerous diseases, especially in developing countries, such... (Review)
Review
The application of medicinal plants are the most important biotechnological alternative in the treatment of numerous diseases, especially in developing countries, such as Brazil. Among them, we specified some specimens of the genus Cnidoscolus used as phytotherapies, with healing properties, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and diuretic, anticancer, among others. Such effects are possibly associated with the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids phenolic compounds, among others. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate in the literature the studies on the phytochemical, ethnopharmacological and biotechnological applications of this genus, from 1998 to 2017. Among the sixty-one studies reported in this review, ten species are popularly utilized to pharmacological and/or biotechnological applications. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius and Cnidoscolus chayamansa are the most cited species, which were also supported by either animal or cellular investigations indicating some beneficial pharmacological actions like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and potential cytotoxic activity. The plant parts of this genus under study are important as sources for the isolation and identification of bioactive molecules with biotechnological applications, among the many diseases treated with this phytotherapy. Given these verdicts, ethnopharmacological approaches are significant systematic tools in the determination of plant species that exhibit medicinal and nutritional purposes. The results presented here should further stimulate the development of validation studies to ensure the safe and effective use of these plant species.
Topics: Animals; Databases, Factual; Ethnobotany; Ethnopharmacology; Euphorbiaceae; Humans; Phytochemicals; Phytotherapy; Plant Extracts; Plants, Medicinal; Species Specificity
PubMed: 30551421
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.015 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021Invasive plant species (IAS), with their numerous negative ecological, health, and economic impacts, represent one of the greatest conservation challenges in the world....
Invasive plant species (IAS), with their numerous negative ecological, health, and economic impacts, represent one of the greatest conservation challenges in the world. Reducing the negative impacts and potentially exploiting the biomass of these plant species can significantly contribute to sustainable management, protect biodiversity, and create a healthy environment. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional potential, phytochemical status, and antioxidant capacity of nine alien invasive plant species: , , , , , , , , and . Multivariate statistical methods such as cluster and PCA were performed to determine possible connections and correlations among selected IAS depending on the phytochemical content. According to the obtained results, was notable with the highest content of vitamin C (38.46 mg/100 g FW); while (1365.92 mg GAE/100 g FW) showed the highest values of total polyphenolic compounds. was characterized by the highest content of total chlorophylls (0.26 mg/g) and antioxidant capacity (2221.97 µmol TE/kg). Therefore, it can be concluded that the selected IAS represent nutrient-rich plant material with significant potential for the recovering of bioactive compounds.
Topics: Biomass; Introduced Species; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts; Plants
PubMed: 34206657
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133814