-
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology May 2006Although first-choice therapy for the ranula is surgery, this choice presents technical difficulties and frequent recurrences because of insufficient surgery. We...
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Although first-choice therapy for the ranula is surgery, this choice presents technical difficulties and frequent recurrences because of insufficient surgery. We evaluated the efficacy of OK-432 sclerosis of the plunging ranula as a substitute for surgery.
METHODS
Twenty-one patients with plunging ranula were treated with intralesional injection of OK-432. The liquid content of the ranula was aspirated as much as possible, after which OK-432 solution was injected in the same volumes as that drawn out. Patients were followed on sonography or CT.
RESULTS
Seven (33.3%) patients with plunging ranulas showed total shrinkage and resolution, and 4 (19%) patients showed near-total shrinkage (more than 90% of the volume). Four (19%) patients revealed marked shrinkage (more than 70% of the volume), and 3 (14.3%) patients showed partial shrinkage (less than 70% of the volume). Three (14.3%) patients showed recurrence after total shrinkage 1 month after injection. The overall recurrence rate after each injection was 47% (16 of 34 injections in 21 patients), but the recurrence rate after the last sclerotherapy was only 14%. There were no serious side effects except for fever lasting 2-3 days (12 patients) and swelling (10 patients) for 3-5 days. Mild odynophagia for 1-2 days was also noted in 7 patients, and there was 1 severe case of odynophagia.
CONCLUSION
OK-432 sclerotherapy of plunging ranula is a safe and potentially curative procedure that may be used as a primary treatment for plunging ranula before considering surgery.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Picibanil; Ranula; Sclerotherapy; Time Factors
PubMed: 16687549
DOI: No ID Found -
Eplasty 2022. Lymphangiomas are benign tumors of abnormal lymphatic tissue. Approximately 6% of all lymphangiomas occur on the tongue. A lymphangioma of the tongue may present as a...
Long-Term Follow-up With Multispecialty Management of a Giant Lymphangioma of an Infant Tongue Contributed to Reduced Complications of the Disease: A Case Report of a 21-Year Follow-up.
. Lymphangiomas are benign tumors of abnormal lymphatic tissue. Approximately 6% of all lymphangiomas occur on the tongue. A lymphangioma of the tongue may present as a localized or a diffused growth, which may enlarge to cause macroglossia, impaired speech, and difficulty in mastication. This article reports a 21-year follow-up of a male infant who presented with a giant tongue lymphangioma. This long-term follow-up with multidisciplinary management including partial glossectomy, sclerotherapy, and orthodontic treatment to diminish complications of the disease in adulthood.
PubMed: 36545641
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII 1992The present study was designed to evaluate the chemotherapy-induced cellular immunosuppression in 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission and...
The present study was designed to evaluate the chemotherapy-induced cellular immunosuppression in 20 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in remission and receiving maintenance chemotherapy. Peripheral blood was serially obtained from leukemic children during vincristine/cyclophosphamide/6-mercaptopurine/prednisone combined consolidation chemotherapy. The mean absolute number of peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as the mean absolute numbers of lymphocyte subsets (T cells, T cell subsets, B cells, and natural killer cells) from leukemic children before consolidation chemotherapy were all significantly lower than in control subjects; however, the percentages of lymphocyte subsets were similar in both groups. After consolidation chemotherapy, the percentages of CD4+ T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells were significantly decreased and the percentages of monocytes and CD8+ T lymphocytes were significantly increased. Phytohemagglutinin- and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and NK-cell-mediated cytotoxic activity by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were also substantially decreased in the post-therapy groups. NK activity correlated with the percentage of NK cells in PBMC. In contrast, OK432-induced production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and killer activity against NK-resistant target cells were significantly increased after therapy as compared with the pre-therapy and control groups. TNF alpha production correlated with the percentage of monocytes in PBMC. These results demonstrate that substantial quantitative and qualitative chemotherapy-induced abnormalities of the cellular immune system are present in the majority of patients treated with ALL. It is also suggested that the increased TNF alpha production by monocytes and the appearance of potent killing activity against NK-resistant targets might compensate for the defects of IL-2 production and NK activity during intensive consolidation chemotherapy.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Child; Child, Preschool; Cyclophosphamide; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; Humans; Immune Tolerance; Immunity, Cellular; Interleukin-2; Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated; Killer Cells, Natural; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lymphocytes; Mercaptopurine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Phenotype; Picibanil; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Prednisone; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vincristine
PubMed: 1511462
DOI: 10.1007/BF01789334 -
Annals of Plastic Surgery Oct 2020This study aimed to determine the benefits of sclerotherapy with OK-432 for the treatment of postoperative chronic lymphocele.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to determine the benefits of sclerotherapy with OK-432 for the treatment of postoperative chronic lymphocele.
BACKGROUND
Postoperative chronic lymphocele formation is common and accounts for a high postoperative morbidity. Nonsurgical strategies comprise repetitive percutaneous fluid aspiration or percutaneous sclerotherapy. OK-432 has been used to treat congenital lymphatic malformations with several reports of promising results. We hypothesized that it is more beneficial than repetitive percutaneous fluid aspiration for the treatment of symptomatic lymphocele.
METHODS
Two cohorts of melanoma patients who developed recurrent lymphocele after lymph node dissection from January 2013 to August 2017 were compared. The first cohort was treated with repetitive percutaneous fluid aspiration (n = 20). The second cohort received OK-432 sclerotherapy (n = 20). Primary end points were overall treatment duration, number of treatment sessions, and the clinical success in both cohorts. Secondary end points were surgical site infection rate, need for additional antibiotic treatment, wound healing disorders, and the need for revision surgery.
RESULTS
Mean overall duration of treatment with sclerotherapy was significantly shorter than with repetitive aspiration (9.4 ± 7.2 vs 47.5 ± 31.9 days, P < 0.01). Mean number of sclerotherapy treatment sessions were 2.5 ± 1.2. Clinical success with OK-432 was 19 of 20, and that with repeated aspiration was 7 of 20 (χ = 15.82, P < 0.001). No surgical site infection occurred in the sclerotherapy cohort, which was significantly lower than those treated with repetitive aspiration (P < 0.03). Surgical revision was mandatory in 12 of 20 patients who were treated with repetitive aspiration, and only 1 of 20 patients in the sclerotherapy cohort.
CONCLUSION
Sclerotherapy with OK-432 for the treatment of postoperative lymphocele is highly beneficial with a significant reduction of morbidity and the overall treatment time compared with repetitive aspiration.
Topics: Cohort Studies; Humans; Lymph Node Excision; Lymphocele; Picibanil; Retrospective Studies; Sclerotherapy
PubMed: 32000251
DOI: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000002251 -
British Journal of Cancer Mar 1992We studied the effect of early postoperative chemotherapy, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for 5 days for patients with gastric cancer following noncurative resection.... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
We studied the effect of early postoperative chemotherapy, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for 5 days for patients with gastric cancer following noncurative resection. The study was prospectively randomised and controlled, and 162 (87.1%) of 186 were eligible candidates for statistical assessment. Patients randomised to group A received therapy that is used widely to treat patients with gastric cancer in Japan; mitomycin C (MMC), OK-432, UFT and PSK. Patients randomised to group B received the same drugs given to group A plus 5-FU bolus injections for 5 days, beginning on postoperative day 2. There were no differences in prognostic factors and doses of the drugs prescribed, except for 5-FU. There was no difference in the toxicity rate between the groups. Generalised Wilcoxon test revealed a P value of 0.169, and the 50% survival rate improved 1.4-fold in patients with gastric cancer treated with early postoperative chemotherapy of MMC, OK-432 plus 5-FU injection.
Topics: Aged; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Combined Modality Therapy; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mitomycin; Picibanil; Prospective Studies; Proteoglycans; Stomach Neoplasms; Tegafur; Uracil
PubMed: 1558796
DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1992.84 -
The European Respiratory Journal Aug 2004Malignant pleural effusion develops frequently in patients with advanced lung cancer. Chemical pleurodesis is the most effective palliative treatment for these patients.... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Malignant pleural effusion develops frequently in patients with advanced lung cancer. Chemical pleurodesis is the most effective palliative treatment for these patients. The efficacy of pleurodesis using both OK-432, a preparation of Streptococcus pyogenes, and doxorubicin for 20 patients with cytology-proven malignant pleural effusion associated with lung cancer was evaluated. After complete removal of pleural effusion, OK-432 and 30 mg of doxorubicin were injected via an inserted chest tube. Treatment was terminated when the volume of daily drainage reached <200 mL. If the daily volume remained >200 mL, an additional OK-432 was administered every 3 days. In total, 16 patients (80%) revealed a complete response, two patients (10%) revealed a partial response, and no response was seen in two patients. Eighteen patients with complete or partial responses did not show subsequent reaccumulation of pleural effusion after pleurodesis. The chest tube remained in place for an average of 6.4 days, draining a mean of 2,854 mL. The main side-effects were fever and pain that were easily treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Pleurodesis using both OK-432 and doxorubicin showed high efficacy for controlling malignant pleural effusions caused by lung cancer.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Doxorubicin; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Injections, Intralesional; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Picibanil; Pleural Effusion, Malignant; Pleurodesis; Prospective Studies; Remission Induction; Risk Assessment; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 15332395
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.04.00137403 -
Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics Aug 2012Cell-wall skeleton prepared from Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG-CWS) is known as a potent adjuvant and has been shown to possess antitumor activity in many non-clinical...
Cell-wall skeleton prepared from Mycobacterium bovis BCG (BCG-CWS) is known as a potent adjuvant and has been shown to possess antitumor activity in many non-clinical and clinical studies. As there are no approved BCG-CWS formulations for cancer therapy, we investigated the potential for cancer immunotherapy of SMP-105, our originally produced BCG-CWS. For optimizing SMP-105 emulsion, we compared the effects of drakeoland squalane-based SMP-105 emulsions on IFN-γ production in rats and evaluated their ability to induce skin reaction in guinea pigs. Both emulsions had the same activity in both experiments. We selected squalane as base material and produced two types of squalane-based formulations (vialed emulsion and pumped emulsion) that can easily be prepared as oil-in-water emulsions. Although the vialed emulsion showed the same pattern of distribution as a usual homogenized emulsion, the pumped emulsion showed more uniform distribution than the other two emulsions. Whereas both emulsions enhanced strong delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in a mouse model, the pumped emulsion induced slightly smaller edema. Data on oil droplet size distribution suggest that few micrometer oil droplet size might be appropriate for oil-in-water microemulsion of SMP-105. The antitumor potency of SMP-105 emulsion was stronger than that of some of the launched toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists (Aldara cream, Picibanil, and Immunobladder). Aldara and Picibanil showed limited antitumor effectiveness, while Immunobladder had almost the same effect as SMP-105 at the highest dose, but needed about 10 times the amount of SMP-105. These findings first indicate that SMP-105 has great potential in cancer immunotherapy.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Wall Skeleton; Emulsions; Female; Guinea Pigs; Hypersensitivity, Delayed; Immunotherapy; Interferon-gamma; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mycobacterium bovis; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
PubMed: 23006993
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Investigative Dermatology May 1989This paper introduces the current status of melanoma treatment with various biologic response modifiers (BRMs) in Japan, with an emphasis on the clinical results of...
This paper introduces the current status of melanoma treatment with various biologic response modifiers (BRMs) in Japan, with an emphasis on the clinical results of Interferon therapies. The authors also refer briefly to the current situation of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in Japan. Many BRMs have been used in treatment of melanoma, e.g., IFN, IL-2, TNFs, BCG, MY-1 (DNA extracted from BCG), WPG (CWs of Bifidobacterium infantis, ATCC 15697), OK-432 (Picibanil, Streptococcus pyogenes preparation), bestatin, and forphenicinol. Some of these have completed clinical trials, while others are still undergoing clinical testing. Among IFN-alpha, beta, and gamma, intralesional administration of natural IFN-beta was found to be more effective than IFN-alpha for metastatic skin melanoma, the survival time of patients being prolonged by the administration of IFN-beta. IFN-gamma appeared to have lower efficacy than IFN-alpha and beta. The frequency of BRM application to melanoma treatment will increase. The authors foresee that combinations with radio- and/or other chemotherapy will be more common than the single use of a BRM, especially in the case of IFN.
Topics: Biological Factors; Biological Products; Cell Wall Skeleton; Cytokines; DNA, Bacterial; Glycine; Humans; Interferon Type I; Interferon-gamma; Interferons; Interleukin-2; Leucine; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Mucoproteins; Mycolic Acids; Picibanil; Recombinant Proteins; Skin Neoplasms; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 2469742
DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep13076752 -
Immunology and Cell Biology Mar 2014Generation of functional dendritic cells (DCs) with boosted immunity after the withdrawal of initial activation/maturation conditions remains a significant challenge. In...
Generation of functional dendritic cells (DCs) with boosted immunity after the withdrawal of initial activation/maturation conditions remains a significant challenge. In this study, we investigated the impact of a newly developed maturation cocktail consisting of OK-432 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) on the function of human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs). We found that OK-432 plus IFN-γ stimulation could induce significantly stronger expression of surface molecules, production of cytokines, as well as migration of DCs compared with OK-432 stimulation alone. Most importantly, DCs matured with OK-432 plus IFN-γ-induced maintained secretion of interleukin-12 (IL-12)p70 in secondary culture after stimulus withdrawal. Functionally, OK-432 plus IFN-γ-conditioned DCs induce remarkable Th1 and Tc1 responses more effectively than OK-432 alone, even more than the use of α-type-1 cytokine cocktail. As a result, DCs matured with OK-432 plus IFN-γ can prime stronger cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cell response against tumor cells in vitro. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells activated by DCs matured with OK-432 plus IFN-γ also showed greater tumor growth inhibition in vivo in null mice. Molecular mechanistic analysis showed that DC maturation using IFN-γ in concert with OK-432 involves the activation of p38 and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. This study provided a novel strategy to generate more potent immune segments in DC vaccine.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Biomarkers; Cell Differentiation; Cell Movement; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Cytokines; Dendritic Cells; Drug Synergism; Female; Humans; Inflammation Mediators; Interferon-gamma; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Nude; Monocytes; NF-kappa B; Neoplasms; Picibanil; Signal Transduction; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic; Th1 Cells; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
PubMed: 24296809
DOI: 10.1038/icb.2013.87 -
Scandinavian Journal of Immunology Aug 2011Interaction between the immune system and cancer allows for the use of biological response modifiers, e.g. OK-432, in cancer therapy. OK-432, penicillin-killed...
Interaction between the immune system and cancer allows for the use of biological response modifiers, e.g. OK-432, in cancer therapy. OK-432, penicillin-killed Streptococcus pyogenes, is used in treating carcinomas, but also lymphangiomas. We have studied the role of monocytes (MOs) in the immune response to OK-432 by examining IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α secretion after in vitro MO stimulation with OK-432, to some extent in comparison with lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). LTA stimulation of whole blood gave IL-6 but not TNF-α secretion, as previously shown with OK-432 stimulation, whereas both cytokines were secreted following LPS stimulation. Addition of the MAPK kinase (MAPKK) MEK inhibitor U0126 inhibited IL-6/TNF-α secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Flow cytometry and to some extent Western blot (Wb) analyses showed that MAPK ERK, located downstream of MEK1/2, is predominantly phosphorylated at isolation from peripheral blood. Addition of the p38 MAP kinase inhibitor SB202190 decreased MO IL-6/TNF-α production upon OK-432 stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of the MAPK JNK inhibitor SP600125 did not systematically change the MO IL-6/TNF-α OK-432 response. Flow cytometry showed that when stimulating the MOs before isolation from blood, LPS yielded ERK phosphorylation and LPS/LTA p38 phosphorylation, whereas OK-432 had no effects on phosphorylation levels. In conclusion, we have shown that OK-432 resembles TLR2 more than TLR4 stimulation of MOs and depends on MAPKK MEK and MAPK p38, but not on JNK phosphorylation. The MEK and p38 MO OK-432 stimulation dependence is possibly related to the differentiation of cells of the MO lineage.
Topics: Anthracenes; Antineoplastic Agents; Butadienes; Cells, Cultured; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Imidazoles; Interleukin-6; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Lipopolysaccharides; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Nitriles; Phosphorylation; Picibanil; Pyridines; Teichoic Acids; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 21388428
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2011.02555.x