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AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Sep 2006We report a case of pituicytoma, a rare primary tumor of the neurohypophysis. A 64-year-old man presented with progressive visual complaints, bitemporal hemianopsia, and...
We report a case of pituicytoma, a rare primary tumor of the neurohypophysis. A 64-year-old man presented with progressive visual complaints, bitemporal hemianopsia, and headache. Imaging studies revealed distinctive features of a mass lesion that thickened the pituitary stalk with a bilobed protrusion extending into the hypothalamus. Angiography demonstrated tumor vascular supply from the superior hypophyseal arteries representing the diencephalic branches of the internal carotid arteries. We discuss the imaging and pathology of this unusual tumor.
Topics: Astrocytoma; Carotid Artery, Internal; Cerebral Angiography; Diagnosis, Differential; Diplopia; Headache; Hemianopsia; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Microsurgery; Middle Aged; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 16971602
DOI: No ID Found -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Jul 2015Reported herein is a 25-year-old woman who was treated for a large and highly atypical prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma. On presentation, she exhibited right...
Reported herein is a 25-year-old woman who was treated for a large and highly atypical prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma. On presentation, she exhibited right hemiparesis and left-sided visual loss, associated with amenorrhea. A massive (>5 cm) intra- and suprasellar lesion was seen on imaging, and her serum prolactin level was 4408 ng/ml. The patient received dopamine agonist treatment preoperatively for 4 weeks. To resect the tumor, a two-stage excision was required. Histologically, the specimen was composed of polygonal or spindle cells showing marked nuclear pleomorphism and/or multinucleation. Fibrosis was also focally conspicuous. Differential diagnoses included pituitary adenoma, pituitary carcinoma, pituicytoma, paraganglioma, spindle cell oncocytoma, and meningioma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for prolactin, chromogranin-A, and synaptophysin, but were negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein, S-100 protein, epithelial membrane antigen, and vimentin. No apparent cerebrospinal or systemic metastases are found. Ultimately, prolactin-producing pituitary adenoma was diagnosed. Our case highlights the difficulty in definitively diagnosing an unusual prolactin-producing adenoma based on histopathology alone and the importance of referring to clinical information and immunohistochemical findings when deriving the diagnosis.
Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Female; Humans; Nevus, Spindle Cell; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prognosis; Prolactinoma
PubMed: 26228535
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0655-x -
Endocrine Pathology Sep 2022
Topics: Adenoma, Oxyphilic; Epigenomics; Hemorrhage; Humans; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 35921032
DOI: 10.1007/s12022-022-09727-z -
Surgical Neurology International 2020Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the sellar region is a rare tumor of the sellar and suprasellar regions that originate from the neurohypophysis. This tumor is very...
BACKGROUND
Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the sellar region is a rare tumor of the sellar and suprasellar regions that originate from the neurohypophysis. This tumor is very difficult to differentiate from other pituitary neoplasms, such as pituitary adenoma, pituicytoma, and spindle cell oncocytoma. We report a rare case of GCT arising from the posterior pituitary of the sellar region and suggest a useful indicator for accurate diagnosis and pitfalls for surgical procedures.
CASE DESCRIPTION
A 42-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with bitemporal hemianopsia. Neuroimaging showed a large pituitary tumor in the sellar and suprasellar regions with a hypointense part on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and the enhanced anterior pituitary gland was displaced anteriorly. Laboratory findings showed mild hyperprolactinemia. Subtotal resection of the tumor was achieved using an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach. Histological findings showed round or polygonal cells with abundant granular eosinophilic cytoplasm staining strongly for thyroid transcription factor 1. The tumor was, therefore, diagnosed as a GCT of the sellar region, belonging to tumors of the posterior pituitary. After surgery, visual impairment and anterior pituitary function were improved. Follow-up neuroimaging after 1 year showed no signs of recurrence.
CONCLUSION
GCT of the sellar region is difficult to diagnose on routine neuroimaging. Therefore, accurate diagnosis requires careful identification of clinical signs, magnetic resonance imaging including hypointensity on T2-weighted imaging, and analysis of combined morphological and immunohistochemical studies.
PubMed: 32494380
DOI: 10.25259/SNI_111_2020 -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Aug 2005Astrocytoma, or pituicytoma, of the posterior pituitary is a relatively rare entity consisting of poorly characterized glial tumor cells. We report two cases of... (Review)
Review
Astrocytoma, or pituicytoma, of the posterior pituitary is a relatively rare entity consisting of poorly characterized glial tumor cells. We report two cases of posterior pituitary astrocytomas in middle-aged women presenting as focal lesions of the neurohypophysis. A review of the literature reveals only a few reports of this tumor, and there has been scanty discussion of the imaging findings of posterior pituitary astrocytomas compared with lesions of the anterior pituitary gland. This report reviews the clinical characteristics and imaging findings and discusses the differential diagnosis of these two cases.
Topics: Adult; Astrocytoma; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Pituitary Gland, Posterior; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 16091544
DOI: No ID Found -
Brain Pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) Nov 2012Pituicytoma is a rare, low-grade neoplasm that originates in the neurohypophysis of the pituitary gland. We report the clinicopathologic features of a pituicytoma...
Pituicytoma is a rare, low-grade neoplasm that originates in the neurohypophysis of the pituitary gland. We report the clinicopathologic features of a pituicytoma arising in a 40-year-old female who presented with menstrual disorder for 2 months, clinically suggestive of a pituitary microadenoma. The tumor was marked by a proliferation of elongated cells arranged in bundles and interlacing fascicles. The tumor demonstrated positive staining with S-100 protein and patchy staining for glial fibrillary acid protein and Epithelial Membrane Antigen. The tumor did not stain with antibodies to Progesterone receptor and Neu-n. An MIB-1 labeling was lower than 1%. The tumor was subtotally resected and didn’t recur after the initial surgery.
Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Female; Humans; Pituitary Neoplasms
PubMed: 23050875
DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2012.00641.x -
Journal of Neurological Surgery. Part... Feb 2013Background The spectrum of infundibular lesions is broad and distinct from sellar pathologies. In many cases, histology is needed to establish the correct diagnosis...
Background The spectrum of infundibular lesions is broad and distinct from sellar pathologies. In many cases, histology is needed to establish the correct diagnosis and determine the treatment approach. Methods Medical files of eight patients with distinct infundibular tumors were reviewed. Histopathologically confirmed diagnosis included three pituicytomas, three granular cell tumors, and two pilocytic astrocytomas. Results Patients shared similar imaging findings and clinical symptoms, including visual impairment (n = 5), hypopituitarism (n = 4), and headache (n = 4); one patient presented with disseminated disease and symptoms from spinal metastases. All the pituicytomas, two granular cell tumors, and one infundibular pilocytic astrocytoma case underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery; gross total resection was achieved in five patients, three developed postoperative diabetes insipidus, and two developed hypopituitarism. No recurrences were observed. One granular cell tumor patient was treated with gamma-knife radiosurgery after stereotactic biopsy; the tumor remained stable in size for over 9 years. The infundibular pilocytic astrocytoma patient who presented with spinal metastases received radiotherapy and systemic chemotherapy. The overall mean follow-up period was 25.1 months. Conclusion Infundibular tumors are rare entities that represent a diagnostic challenge. Histopathological examination is essential for definitive diagnosis. Surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy all have a role in the management of these tumors.
PubMed: 24436883
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1329619 -
The New England Journal of Medicine Dec 2008
Topics: Adult; Diseases in Twins; Humans; Hypogonadism; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Pituitary Neoplasms; Twins, Monozygotic
PubMed: 19109577
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm067848 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Feb 2011Spindle cell oncocytoma of the adenohypophysis is a rare tumour recently reported by Roncaroli et al. in 2002. This tumour is considered a grade I tumour by the World...
INTRODUCTION
Spindle cell oncocytoma of the adenohypophysis is a rare tumour recently reported by Roncaroli et al. in 2002. This tumour is considered a grade I tumour by the World Health Organization.
CASE PRESENTATION
We describe what is, to the best of our knowledge, the 14th case of its kind in the literature. A 45-year-old African woman presented clinical and radiological findings related to a nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma. The diagnosis was made on the basis of histological and immunohistochemical findings.
CONCLUSION
The purpose of this work is to report a rare pituitary tumour and to describe its histological and immunohistochemical features, which were characterized by the expression of thyroid transcription factor 1 antigen by tumour cells. This fact could support the theory of a possible common origin of these tumours in pituicytomas. In fact, thyroid transcription factor 1 is considered to be a specific marker of pituicytes.
PubMed: 21320334
DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-5-64