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Theranostics 2022Platinum-based drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin are widely used for chemotherapeutic eradication of cancer. However, the side effects of platinum drugs,... (Review)
Review
Platinum-based drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin are widely used for chemotherapeutic eradication of cancer. However, the side effects of platinum drugs, such as lack of selectivity, high systemic toxicity, and drug resistance, seriously limit their clinical application. With advancements in nanotechnology and chemical synthesis, Pt-based anti-cancer drugs have made great progress in cancer therapy in recent years. Many strategies relied on the anti-cancer mechanism similar to cisplatin and achieved some success by modifying existing platinum drugs. Pt-based nanodrugs, such as platinum nanoclusters, have novel anti-cancer mechanisms and great potential in tumor-targeted therapy and have shown promising results in clinical application. In this review, we systematically explored the development of first-line platinum chemotherapy drugs in the clinic and their anti-cancer mechanisms. We also summarize the progress of Pt-based anti-cancer drug application in cancer therapy, emphasizing their modification to enhance the anti-tumor effect. Finally, we address challenges faced by platinum chemotherapy drugs, especially Pt nanocluster-based nanodrugs, in cancer treatment. The new platinum drugs and their targeted modifications undoubtedly provide a promising prospect for improving the current anti-cancer treatments.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Carboplatin; Cisplatin; Humans; Neoplasms; Oxaliplatin; Platinum
PubMed: 35265202
DOI: 10.7150/thno.69424 -
Cancer Discovery Apr 2022Chemotherapy is ubiquitous in first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer, yet responses are heterogeneous, and little is known about mediators of chemotherapy...
UNLABELLED
Chemotherapy is ubiquitous in first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer, yet responses are heterogeneous, and little is known about mediators of chemotherapy response. To move forward, an understanding of the effects of standard chemotherapy on the tumor-immune microenvironment (TME) is needed. Coupling whole-exome sequencing, bulk RNA and single-cell transcriptomics from paired pretreatment and on-treatment samples in treatment-naïve patients with HER2-positive and HER2-negative gastric cancer, we define features associated with response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Response was associated with on-treatment TME remodeling including natural killer (NK) cell recruitment, decreased tumor-associated macrophages, M1-macrophage repolarization, and increased effector T-cell infiltration. Among chemotherapy nonresponders, we observed low/absent PD-L1 expression or modulation, on-treatment increases in Wnt signaling, B-cell infiltration, and LAG3-expressing T cells coupled to an exodus of dendritic cells. We did not observe significant genomic changes in early on-treatment sampling. We provide a map of on-treatment TME modulation with standard chemotherapy and nominate candidate future approaches.
SIGNIFICANCE
Using paired pretreatment and on-treatment samples during standard first-line chemotherapy, we identify chemotherapy-induced NK-cell infiltration, macrophage repolarization, and increased antigen presentation among responders. Increased LAG3 expression and decreased dendritic cell abundance were seen in nonresponders, emphasizing remodeling of the TME during chemotherapy response and resistance. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 873.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Genomics; Humans; Platinum; Stomach Neoplasms; Tumor Microenvironment
PubMed: 34933901
DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-0888 -
Biomolecules Nov 2021The discovery of the anticancer properties of platinum derivatives by Rosenberg represents a milestone in the development of chemotherapeutic protocols for tumor...
The discovery of the anticancer properties of platinum derivatives by Rosenberg represents a milestone in the development of chemotherapeutic protocols for tumor treatment [...].
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Humans; Immunity; Immunogenic Cell Death; Platinum
PubMed: 34827636
DOI: 10.3390/biom11111637 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2022Functionalized platinum nanoparticles have been of considerable interest in recent research due to their properties and applications, among which they stand out as... (Review)
Review
Functionalized platinum nanoparticles have been of considerable interest in recent research due to their properties and applications, among which they stand out as therapeutic agents. The functionalization of the surfaces of nanoparticles can overcome the limits of medicine by increasing selectivity and thereby reducing the side effects of conventional drugs. With the constant development of nanotechnology in the biomedical field, functionalized platinum nanoparticles have been used to diagnose and treat diseases such as cancer and infections caused by pathogens. This review reports on physical, chemical, and biological methods of obtaining platinum nanoparticles and the advantages and disadvantages of their synthesis. Additionally, applications in the biomedical field that can be utilized once the surfaces of nanoparticles have been functionalized with different bioactive molecules are discussed, among which antibodies, biodegradable polymers, and biomolecules stand out.
Topics: Drug Delivery Systems; Metal Nanoparticles; Nanomedicine; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Platinum; Polymers
PubMed: 36012670
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169404 -
Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada I Toksikologiju Dec 2019Measurable quantities of platinum, palladium, and rhodium, even in remote areas of the planet, evidence the global nature of pollution with these metals, mostly from... (Review)
Review
Measurable quantities of platinum, palladium, and rhodium, even in remote areas of the planet, evidence the global nature of pollution with these metals, mostly from catalytic converters of modern vehicles (other sources are jewellery production, chemical industry, and anticancer drugs). The amount of the platinum group metals (PGMs) emitted from automobile catalysts varies with the type, age, and condition of the engine and the catalyst, as well as the style of driving. Current literature suggests that the concentrations of these metals have increased considerably over the last twenty years, palladium concentrations in particular, as it has been proved more effective catalyst than platinum. However, whether and to what extent the emitted PGMs are toxic for people is still a controversy. The potential health risk from exposure to these elements is most likely for those living in urban environments with busy roads or along major highways. Because of the importance of PGMs and their trace levels in particulate matter, sensitive methods are required for reliable determination. This review discusses particular steps of analytical procedures for PGM quantification in airborne particulate matter and addresses the common preparation, detection, and determination methods.
Topics: Automobiles; Chemical Industry; Environmental Monitoring; Humans; Palladium; Particulate Matter; Platinum; Rhodium
PubMed: 32623861
DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3293 -
Science Progress 2014Metals have been considered for millennia to have medicinal values. With the advent of modern medicine, many metal-based drugs have proven to be highly effective in the... (Review)
Review
Metals have been considered for millennia to have medicinal values. With the advent of modern medicine, many metal-based drugs have proven to be highly effective in the clinic. Many different metal ions have shown activity against a range of diseases. The unique electronic structure of transition metals offers great versatility, not always seen in organic drugs, in terms of the ability to tune the properties of a given molecule. This review gives a brief overview of the most established therapeutic metals, and their more common applications, such as platinum-based anticancer drugs. New developments within the field of metallodrugs and novel strategies being employed to improve methods of delivery, are also discussed.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Biological Transport; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Design; Humans; Organometallic Compounds; Organoplatinum Compounds; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Platinum
PubMed: 24800466
DOI: 10.3184/003685014X13898980185076 -
Current Opinion in Chemical Biology Apr 2023The rise of supramolecular chemistry offers new tools to design therapeutics and delivery platforms for biomedical applications. This review aims to highlight the recent... (Review)
Review
The rise of supramolecular chemistry offers new tools to design therapeutics and delivery platforms for biomedical applications. This review aims to highlight the recent developments that harness host-guest interactions and self-assembly to design novel supramolecular Pt complexes as anticancer agents and drug delivery systems. These complexes range from small host-guest structures to large metallosupramolecules and nanoparticles. These supramolecular complexes integrate the biological properties of Pt compounds and novel supramolecular structures, which inspires new designs of anticancer approaches that overcome problems in conventional Pt drugs. Based on the differences in Pt cores and supramolecular structures, this review focuses on five different types of supramolecular Pt complexes, and they include host-guest complexes of the FDA-approved Pt(II) drugs, supramolecular complexes of nonclassical Pt(II) metallodrugs, supramolecular complexes of fatty acid-like Pt(IV) prodrugs, self-assembled nanotherapeutics of Pt(IV) prodrugs, and self-assembled Pt-based metallosupramolecules.
Topics: Humans; Prodrugs; Platinum; Drug Delivery Systems; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms
PubMed: 36878171
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102276 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2020Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have superior physicochemical properties and great potential in biomedical applications. Eco-friendly and economic approaches for the... (Review)
Review
Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have superior physicochemical properties and great potential in biomedical applications. Eco-friendly and economic approaches for the synthesis of PtNPs have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional physical and chemical methods. Various biogenic entities have been utilized in the green synthesis of PtNPs, including mainly plant extracts, algae, fungi bacteria, and their biomedical effects were assessed. Other biological derivatives have been used in the synthesis of PtNPs such as egg yolk, sheep milk, honey, and bovine serum albumin protein. The green approaches for the synthesis of PtNPs have reduced the reaction time, the energy required, and offered ambient conditions of fabrication. This review highlights the state-of-the-art methods used for green synthesis of PtNPs, synthesis parameters, and their reported biomedical applications.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic; Green Chemistry Technology; Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Platinum
PubMed: 33126464
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214981 -
Drug Delivery Dec 2023Platinum-based drugs are widely used as first-line anti-tumor chemotherapy agents. However, they also have nonnegligible side effects due to the free drugs in... (Review)
Review
Platinum-based drugs are widely used as first-line anti-tumor chemotherapy agents. However, they also have nonnegligible side effects due to the free drugs in circulation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient and safe delivery systems for better tumor cell targeting. Hydrogel is a promising anti-tumor drug carrier that can form a platinum/hydrogel combination system for drug release, which has shown better anti-tumor effects in some studies. However, there is a lack of systematic summary in this field. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the platinum/hydrogel combination system with the following sections: firstly, an introduction of platinum-based drugs; secondly, an analysis of the platinum/hydrogel combination system; and thirdly, a discussion of the advantages of the hydrogel-based delivery system. We hope this review can offer some insights for the development of the platinum/hydrogel combination system for better cancer therapy.
Topics: Humans; Drug Delivery Systems; Hydrogels; Antineoplastic Agents; Neoplasms; Platinum
PubMed: 38083803
DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2287966 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2017Platinum drugs remain the backbone of many antineoplastic regimens. Among the numerous chemical or pharmacological effects of platinum drugs, some aspects tend to be... (Review)
Review
Platinum drugs remain the backbone of many antineoplastic regimens. Among the numerous chemical or pharmacological effects of platinum drugs, some aspects tend to be under-reported. Thus, this perspective paper intends to stress some neglected properties of platinum drugs: first, the physico-chemical characteristics (aquation reaction kinetics) that determine site-specific toxicity; second, the impact on RNA molecules. Knowledge of the 'RNA world' has dramatically changed our understanding of cellular and molecular biology. The inherent RNA-crosslinking properties should make platinum-based drugs interact with coding and non-coding RNAs. Third, we will discuss the impact on the immune system, which is now recognized to substantially contribute to chemotherapy efficacy. Together, platinum drugs are in fact old drugs, but are worth re-focusing on. Many aspects are still mysterious but can pave the way to new drugs or an improved application of the already existing compounds.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; DNA Damage; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Hydrolysis; Immune System; Neoplasms; Platinum; Signal Transduction; Structure-Activity Relationship; Tissue Distribution
PubMed: 29760371
DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030382