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Journal of Thoracic Oncology : Official... Apr 2007Several previous clinical trials have shown that malignant pleural mesothelioma is responsive to antifolates. The dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, pralatrexate, has a...
BACKGROUND
Several previous clinical trials have shown that malignant pleural mesothelioma is responsive to antifolates. The dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, pralatrexate, has a favorable toxicity profile, primarily limited to stomatitis, and has demonstrated activity in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. In mesothelioma cell lines and xenografts, pralatrexate demonstrated significant antitumor activity.
METHODS
We conducted this phase II study to determine the response rate of malignant pleural mesothelioma to pralatrexate at a dose of 135 mg/m2 i.v. every 2 weeks. After a protocol amendment, patients were supplemented with vitamin B12 and folic acid at the time of starting therapy.
RESULTS
A total of 16 assessable patients were enrolled. No complete or partial responses were observed. Two patients with epithelioid histology had minor responses. Three other patients remained on study with stable disease for 9, 9, and 48 months. The median time to progression was 3 months. The overall median survival time was 7 months (95% confidence interval: 3.2-16.2 months) and the one-year survival was 31% (95% confidence interval: 15%-65%). Three patients (19%) had grade 2 stomatitis, eight (50%) had grade 3, and one (6%) had grade 4.
CONCLUSIONS
With this particular dose and schedule, pralatrexate as a single agent had no activity in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aminopterin; Confidence Intervals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Female; Humans; Male; Maximum Tolerated Dose; Mesothelioma; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Palliative Care; Pleural Neoplasms; Probability; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Survival Analysis; Terminally Ill
PubMed: 17409804
DOI: 10.1097/01.JTO.0000263715.84567.5f -
Haematologica May 2019Mogamulizumab, a humanized defucosylated anti-C-C chemokine receptor 4 monoclonal antibody, has been approved in Japan for the treatment of C-C chemokine receptor... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
Mogamulizumab, a humanized defucosylated anti-C-C chemokine receptor 4 monoclonal antibody, has been approved in Japan for the treatment of C-C chemokine receptor 4-positive adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL). This phase II study evaluated efficacy and safety of mogamulizumab in ATL patients with acute, lymphoma, and chronic subtypes with relapsed/refractory, aggressive disease in the US, Europe, and Latin America. With stratification by subtype, patients were randomized 2:1 to intravenous mogamulizumab 1.0 mg/kg once weekly for 4 weeks and biweekly thereafter (n=47) or investigator's choice of chemotherapy (n=24). The primary end point was confirmed overall response rate (cORR) confirmed on a subsequent assessment at 8 weeks by blinded independent review. ORR was 11% (95%CI: 4-23%) and 0% (95%CI: 0-14%) in the mogamulizumab and chemotherapy arms, respectively. Best response was 28% and 8% in the respective arms. The observed hazard ratio for progression-free survival was 0.71 (95%CI: 0.41-1.21) and, after adjustment for performance status imbalance, 0.57 (95%CI: 0.337-0.983). The most frequent treatment-related adverse (grade ≥3) events with mogamulizumab were infusion-related reaction and thrombocytopenia (each 9%). Relapsed/refractory ATL is an aggressive, poor prognosis disease with a high unmet need. Investigator's choice chemotherapy did not result in tumor response in this trial; however, mogamulizumab treatment resulted in 11% cORR, with a tolerable safety profile.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aminopterin; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Cisplatin; Cytarabine; Deoxycytidine; Dexamethasone; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; International Agencies; Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Oxaliplatin; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Salvage Therapy; Survival Rate; Young Adult; Gemcitabine
PubMed: 30573506
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.205096 -
Methods and Findings in Experimental... Apr 2010Adefovir dipivoxil, Alemtuzumab, Aliskiren fumarate, AMA1-C1/alhydrogel, Amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium, Aripiprazole, Artesunate/amodiaquine, Asenapine...
Adefovir dipivoxil, Alemtuzumab, Aliskiren fumarate, AMA1-C1/alhydrogel, Amlodipine besylate/atorvastatin calcium, Aripiprazole, Artesunate/amodiaquine, Asenapine maleate; Bosentan, Brivaracetam; Carisbamate, Clevudine, Clofarabine, Corticorelin acetate; Dasatinib; Elinogrel potassium, Entecavir, Erlotinib hydrochloride, Eslicarbazepine acetate, Etazolate; Fampridine, Fluarix, Fondaparinux sodium, Fulvestrant; Gabapentin enacarbil, GDC-0941, GI-5005, Golimumab; Imatinib mesylate, Lacosamide, Lapatinib ditosylate, Levetiracetam, Liraglutide, LOLA; Mecasermin, Morphine hydrochloride; Natalizumab, Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate; Olmesartan medoxomil, Omacetaxine mepesuccinate; Paclitaxel-eluting stent, Peginterferon alfa-2a, Peginterferon alfa-2b, Pemetrexed disodium, Poly I:CLC, Pralatrexate, Pregabalin; Ranolazine, Rasagiline mesilate, Retigabine hydrochloride, Rhenium Re-186 etidronate, Rosuvastatin calcium, Rotigotine, RTL-1000, Rufinamide; Sirolimus-eluting coronary stent, Sirolimus-eluting stent, Sorafenib, Stiripentol; Tiotropium bromide; Valsartan/amlodipine besylate, Varenicline tartrate; XL-184; Zoledronic acid monohydrate.
Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans
PubMed: 20448862
DOI: 10.1358/mf.2010.32.3.1492017 -
Blood Aug 2019Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an uncommon hematologic malignancy with poor outcomes. Existing data on the clinical behavior of BPDCN are...
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is an uncommon hematologic malignancy with poor outcomes. Existing data on the clinical behavior of BPDCN are limited because reported outcomes are from small retrospective series, and standardized treatment guidelines are lacking. The interleukin-3 cytotoxin conjugate tagraxofusp was recently tested in phase 1/2 trials that led to US Food and Drug Administration approval, the first ever for BPDCN. However, because there was no matched internal comparator in this or any clinical study to date, results of BPDCN trials testing new drugs are difficult to compare with alternative therapies. We therefore sought to define the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a group of patients with BPDCN treated at 3 US cancer centers in the modern era but before tagraxofusp was available. In 59 studied patients with BPDCN, the median overall survival from diagnosis was 24 months, and outcomes were similar in patients with "skin only" or with systemic disease at presentation. Intensive first-line therapy and "lymphoid-type" chemotherapy regimens were associated with better outcomes. Only 55% of patients received intensive chemotherapy, and 42% of patients underwent stem cell transplantation. Clinical characteristics at diagnosis associated with poorer outcomes included age >60 years, abnormal karyotype, and terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase (TdT) negativity in the BPDCN cells. We also identified disease responses to pralatrexate and enasidenib in some patients. This study highlights poor outcomes for patients with BPDCN in the modern era and the need for new treatments. Outcomes from ongoing clinical trials for BPDCN can be evaluated relative to this contemporary cohort.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Benchmarking; Child; Cohort Studies; Dendritic Cells; Female; Hematologic Neoplasms; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multicenter Studies as Topic; Skin Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 31243042
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019001144 -
Leukemia & Lymphoma Nov 2013Balancing efficacy and safety of drugs is key for successful cancer therapy, as adverse reactions can prohibit the use of efficacious treatments. Pralatrexate (PDX) is a...
Balancing efficacy and safety of drugs is key for successful cancer therapy, as adverse reactions can prohibit the use of efficacious treatments. Pralatrexate (PDX) is a novel antifolate with a higher affinity for tumor cells than methotrexate, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for use in relapsed and refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and transformed mycosis fungoides (T-MF). Patients with T-MF have a higher incidence of adverse events than patients with other lymphomas, necessitating a lower recommended dose of 15 mg/m(2) (vs. 30 mg/m(2) for PTCL). Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) mucositis occurs in about 25% of patients with T-MF, but milder mucositis is observed in almost all patients with T-MF, frequently leading to therapy discontinuation despite clinical response. Leucovorin rescue is the standard of care for high-dose methotrexate therapy, but has not been studied or recommended for use with PDX. We report our clinical experience using leucovorin with PDX (30 mg/m(2)) with good clinical response and no DLTs. Prophylactic leucovorin deserves further investigation in prospective clinical trials to allow patients with cutaneous lymphomas to receive the full benefit of PDX therapy without intolerable toxicity.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aminopterin; Female; Folic Acid Antagonists; Humans; Leucovorin; Lymph Nodes; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral; Male; Mycosis Fungoides; Premedication; Skin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 23442065
DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.779688 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Mar 2020Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, is one of the more common subtypes of mature T cell lymphoma, especially in the Far East Asian population. This...
Pralatrexate as a bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with advanced-stage extranodal nasal-type natural killer/T cell lymphoma refractory to first-line chemotherapy: a case report.
BACKGROUND
Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, is one of the more common subtypes of mature T cell lymphoma, especially in the Far East Asian population. This aggressive histologic subtype of peripheral T cell lymphomas is frequently susceptible to exposure of Epstein-Barr virus infection. The optimal treatment is not well elucidated. For stage IV disseminated extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, induction chemotherapy with consolidative autologus or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is recommended as the major first-line treatment. However, there is controversy over which type of chemotherapy is most appropriate and effective as a bridge to autologus or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with newly diagnosed disseminated advanced-stage or relapsed extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma because of cancer chemoresistance or associated complications. Pralatrexate is the first US Food and Drug Administration-approved novel agent for the treatment of refractory/recurrent peripheral T cell lymphomas. In our case, pralatrexate was used as a successful bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a patient with advanced-stage disseminated extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma refractory to first-line chemotherapy.
CASE PRESENTATION
We presented a case report of a 29-year-old Asian man diagnosed as having stage IV disseminated extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type, with skin and bone marrow involvement, whose disease was primary refractory to first-line dexamethasone, methotrexate, ifosfamide, L-asparaginase, and etoposide chemotherapy, but obviously responded to treatment with two cycles of single-agent pralatrexate treatment. Monitoring Epstein-Barr virus viremia revealed dramatic downregulation. In addition to complete remission of the involvement of bone marrow and nasal cavity, skin involvement also obtained partial remission. The extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma successfully achieved complete remission after a bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to present pralatrexate as a successful bridge to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a 29-year-old Asian male patient with advanced-stage extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma refractory to first-line dexamethasone, methotrexate, ifosfamide, L-asparaginase, and etoposide chemotherapy. This case provides a novel treatment opinion for extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, especially for the Far East Asian population.
Topics: Adult; Allografts; Aminopterin; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Humans; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell; Male; Neoplasm Staging; Remission Induction; Taiwan; Transplantation Conditioning
PubMed: 32183896
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-020-02363-3 -
Blood Advances Oct 2020Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are active agents for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Anecdotally angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) appears to respond...
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are active agents for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Anecdotally angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) appears to respond better than PTCL-not otherwise specified (NOS) to HDACi. The new World Health Organization classification shows that a subgroup of PTCL carries similarities in phenotype and gene expression profiling to AITL, comparable to T follicular helper (TFH) cells. The disease might behave similarly to AITL when treated with HDACi. We analyzed 127 patients with AITL or PTCL-NOS treated with HDACi at relapse as a single agent or in combination. We re-reviewed the pathology of all PTCL-NOS to identify the TFH phenotype. Patients received HDACi at relapse as a single agent in 97 cases (76%, 59 TFH, 38 non-TFH) or in combination in 30 cases (24%, 18 TFH, 12 non-TFH) including duvelisib, lenalidomide, lenalidomide plus carfilzomib, and pralatrexate. Seven PTCL-NOS had TFH phenotype; 2 PTCL-NOS were reclassified as AITL. Overall response rate (ORR) was 56.5% (28.9% complete response [CR]) in TFH and 29.4% (19.6% CR) in non-TFH phenotype patients (P = .0035), with TFH phenotype being an independent predictor of ORR (P = .009). Sixteen patients sufficiently responded to HDACi or HDACi in combination with another agent to proceed directly to allogeneic transplantation; 1 of 16 responded to donor lymphocyte infusion (12 TFH, 4 non-TFH). Our results, although retrospective, support that HDACi, as a single agent or in combination, may have superior activity in TFH-PTCL compared with non-TFH PTCL. This differential efficacy could help inform subtype-specific therapy and guide interpretation of HDACi trials.
Topics: Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Humans; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Phenotype; Retrospective Studies; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
PubMed: 33002132
DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002396 -
Cancer Management and Research 2012Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) clinically and biologically represent a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome being...
Cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL) clinically and biologically represent a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, with mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome being the most common subtypes. Over the last decade, new immunological and molecular pathways have been identified that not only influence CTCL phenotype and growth, but also provide targets for therapies and prognostication. This review will focus on recent advances in the development of therapeutic agents, including bortezomib, the histone deacetylase inhibitors (vorinostat and romidepsin), and pralatrexate in CTCL.
PubMed: 22457602
DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S9660 -
Case Reports in Oncology 2019Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a rare and heterogenous group of hematological malignancies involving T or NK cells. PTCLs are generally associated with an...
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs) are a rare and heterogenous group of hematological malignancies involving T or NK cells. PTCLs are generally associated with an aggressive course and poor prognosis. Pralatrexate (PDX) is the first FDA-approved agent for the treatment of refractory/recurrent PTCL. It has single-agent activity against PTCLs; however, oral mucositis represents dose-limiting toxicity in clinical practice. We report on the case of a patient administered with modified THP-COP therapy (pirarubicin [tetrahydropyranyl adriamycin], cyclophosphamide, and prednisone), who had bone or bone marrow as the primary lesion, which was treated successfully with PDX for an extended period of 1 year, with prophylactic use of leucovorin for oral mucositis. The maintenance dose of PDX was 30 mg/m IV, over 3 consecutive weeks dosing with a 1-week rest period due to bone marrow suppression. The patient also received leucovorin 5 mg PO 3 times daily from days 2 to 6 after each PDX administration. Disease activity was well controlled, stable, and no oral mucositis was observed over the course of treatment.
PubMed: 31427947
DOI: 10.1159/000501070 -
Neurology Nov 2012A 38-year-old woman was diagnosed with cutaneous anaplastic T-cell lymphoma that proved refractory to methotrexate, bexarotene, denileukin diftitox, interferon γ-1b,...
A 38-year-old woman was diagnosed with cutaneous anaplastic T-cell lymphoma that proved refractory to methotrexate, bexarotene, denileukin diftitox, interferon γ-1b, interferon α-2b, vorinostat, and pralatrexate. She was therefore started on the newly approved monoclonal anti-CD30 antibody brentuximab vedotin. Treatment with brentuximab 1.8 mg/kg IV every 3 weeks quickly led to disappearance of her cutaneous tumors. The day after her second brentuximab infusion she developed word-finding difficulties and unsteady gait. Due to further neurologic deterioration, she was admitted to an outside hospital. Brain MRI revealed multifocal enhancing white matter lesions throughout bilateral cerebral hemispheres and posterior fossa (figure, A-C). Brain biopsy was performed 15 days after her last brentuximab dose to rule out metastases and she was diagnosed with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) (figure, J). The patient was discharged home with hospice care. Upon discharge, she was started on prednisone 50 mg daily to help treat her eczema. Her family brought her to our clinic for a second opinion.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies; Brentuximab Vedotin; Female; Humans; Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome; Immunoconjugates; Immunologic Factors; Leukoencephalopathies; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 23115213
DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182749f17