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The Lancet. Global Health Sep 2018
Topics: Goals; Humans; Presbyopia; Rural Population; Sustainable Development; Tea
PubMed: 30049616
DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30355-3 -
PloS One 2021The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the development and progression of presbyopia and the status of dry eye-related symptoms from 2017 to 2020, to assess the...
PURPOSE
The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate the development and progression of presbyopia and the status of dry eye-related symptoms from 2017 to 2020, to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
Near add power at 30 cm was measured in 339 participants aged between 40 and 55 from 2017 to 2021 at Japanese eye clinics. Regression analysis of near add power and age was analyzed to compare 2017 with later years up to the pandemic. The prevalence of dry eye-related signs and six common symptoms were compared.
RESULTS
The number and mean age (y) of participants were 183 (48.6±4.1) in 2017, 46 (51.3±7.5) in 2019, and 110 (49.2±3.7) in 2020-21, respectively. The mean progression rate of near add power (D/y) was 0.13 for 2017, 0.09 for 2019 (P = 0.028, vs 2017), and 0.08 for 2020-21 (P<0.001, vs 2017). The slope (rate of presbyopia progression) became flatter from 2017 to 2021 and the estimated near add power at the age of 40 increased from 2017 to 2020-2021, implicating presbyopia developed earlier and worsened during the study period. The 2017 values were comparable with previous studies described in 1922 and 2019. The standardized correlation coefficient between age and near add power was 0.816 for 2017, 0.671 for 2019 (P = 0.084, vs 2017), and 0.572 for 2020-21 (P<0.001, vs 2017). Multiple regression analysis revealed age and COVID-19 pandemic were significantly correlated with near add power. The prevalence of dryness irritation, and pain was greater in 2020-21 than in 2017 with no difference in the prevalence of eye fatigue, blurring, and photophobia. There was no difference in the prevalence of short tear break-up time and positive corneal staining among 2017, 2019 and 2020-21.
CONCLUSION
Estimated presbyopia developed earlier and progressed slower from 2017 to 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic. Stress and rapid digitalization related to strict infection control and quarantine might be contributing factors.
Topics: Adult; COVID-19; Cohort Studies; Dry Eye Syndromes; Female; Humans; Japan; Male; Middle Aged; Pandemics; Presbyopia; Refraction, Ocular; SARS-CoV-2; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 34762654
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259142 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2019The aim of this paper is to assess the eye health needs of school teachers in the Asutifi districts of Ghana. Presenting distance visual acuity was measured in each eye....
The aim of this paper is to assess the eye health needs of school teachers in the Asutifi districts of Ghana. Presenting distance visual acuity was measured in each eye. Those with visual acuity of <6/12 in one or both eyes had subjective refraction. All underwent basic eye examination and near functional vision was assessed for teachers aged ≥35 years using the Near Activity Visual Questionnaire (NVAQ). Teachers with uncorrected presbyopia were given a near correction and NVAQ was assessed again at two weeks. Three hundred teachers were examined with mean (SD) age of 36.5 (9.7) years, 54.3% were male and 6.3% (95% CI: 3.8 to 9.8%) had a presenting acuity of <6/12 in one or both eyes. The estimated prevalence of moderate visual impairment was 0.7% (95% CI: 0.08 to 2.4%). Lens opacities (50%) and refractive error (18%) were the main causes of visual loss. Seventy-five out of 136 (55.1%, 95% CI: 46.6 to 63.4%) of teachers aged ≥35 years were presbyopic, 45.3% (95% CI: 36.9 to 53.7%) of whom had presbyopic correction. Lack of awareness was the major barrier to presbyopic correction. Median Rasch score for teachers given presbyopic correction ( = 39) decreased by 60.6% from 46.0 (IQR: 10.7 to 72.8) to 18.1 (IQR: 0 to 58.9) and overall satisfaction with near vision improved at follow up. Prevalence of presbyopia was high, and spectacles improved satisfaction with near vision.
Topics: Adult; Cataract; Eyeglasses; Female; Ghana; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Presbyopia; Prevalence; School Teachers; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vision Disorders; Visual Acuity; Young Adult
PubMed: 31484296
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173209 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Jan 2022Presbyopia is a major cause for near visual impairment among adults. Presbyopia induced visual impairment can be corrected easily by spectacles. We aimed to study the...
BACKGROUND
Presbyopia is a major cause for near visual impairment among adults. Presbyopia induced visual impairment can be corrected easily by spectacles. We aimed to study the prevalence of presbyopia among adults aged ≥35 years and spectacles coverage among them. We also studied the unmet need for presbyopia along with the barriers to uptake of services.
METHODS
This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted among adults aged ≥35 years in a rural district of Haryana. Near vision assessment and semistructured interview schedule were administered by a team of trained ophthalmic assistant, social worker and health assistant.
RESULTS
A total of 3832 adults aged ≥35 years were enumerated, from which 3246 (84.7%) were examined. Prevalence of presbyopia was found to be 42.9% (95% confidence interval 41.2-44.6). Participants with increasing age, literacy and women had higher prevalence, and those that were employed and belonged to below poverty line economic status had lower prevalence of presbyopia. Spectacles coverage among presbyopes was found to be 25.8%. There was an inverse association between unmet need for presbyopia and women, increasing education status and office work. Lack of felt need and personal reasons were the most common barriers for unmet need due to presbyopia.
CONCLUSIONS
There is high prevalence of presbyopia among adult population, with spectacles coverage being low. Awareness activities along with affordable, accessible and socially acceptable services for those affected with presbyopia would be one of the key components of management.
PubMed: 35309602
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1148_21 -
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual... Apr 2019
Review
Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Aging; Animals; Awards and Prizes; Glaucoma; History, 21st Century; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Ophthalmology; Presbyopia; Societies, Medical; United States
PubMed: 31038661
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-26899 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry May 2008Current understanding of the anatomy, function and performance of the accommodative system of the young, adult human eye is outlined. Most major current models of the... (Review)
Review
Current understanding of the anatomy, function and performance of the accommodative system of the young, adult human eye is outlined. Most major current models of the accommodative mechanism are based on Helmholtz's original ideas but, despite of a growing volume of related research, uncertainty continues over the relative contributions made to the overall mechanism by different ocular structures. The changes with age are then discussed. Although the amplitude of accommodation decreases steadily from later childhood, the speed and accuracy of the system within the available amplitude are little impaired until the age of about 40, when the amplitude falls below that needed for normal near work. A review of the available evidence on age-related change in the lens, capsule, ciliary body and other relevant ocular structures confirms that geometric and viscoelastic lenticular changes play major roles in the progressive loss of accommodation. Other factors may also contribute in an, as yet, unquantified way and a full understanding of the origins of presbyopic change remains elusive.
Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Aging; Ciliary Body; Humans; Lens, Crystalline; Neural Pathways; Oculomotor Muscles; Presbyopia
PubMed: 18336584
DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2008.00256.x -
Eye and Vision (London, England) 2018The accommodation has considerable interactions with the pupil response, vergence response and binocularity. The transformation of visual reception processing and the...
BACKGROUND
The accommodation has considerable interactions with the pupil response, vergence response and binocularity. The transformation of visual reception processing and the changes of the binocular cooperation during the presbyopia development are still poorly studied. So, the regularities of visual system violation in the presbyopia formation need to be characterized. This study aims to reveal the transformation of visual reception processing and to determine the role of disturbances in binocular interactions in presbyopia formation.
METHODS
This study included 60 people with emmetropic refraction, uncorrected distance visual acuity 1.0 or higher (decimal scale), normal color perception, without concomitant ophthalmopathology. The first group consisted of 30 people (from 18 to 27 years old) without presbyopia, the second cohort comprised 30 patients (from 45 to 55 years old) with presbyopia. The eyeball anatomy and optics were evaluated using ultrasound biomicroscopy, aberrometry, and pupillometry. The functional state of the visual system was investigated under monocular and binocular conditions. The registration of the disparate fusional reflex limits was performed by the original technic using a diploptic device which facilitated investigation of the binocular interaction under natural conditions without the accommodation response, but with the different vergence load. The disparate fusional reflex was analyzed using the proximal and distal fusion borders, and the convergence and divergence fusion borders. The calculation of the area of binocularity field was performed in cm.
RESULTS
The presbyopia formation is characterized by a change in an intraocular anatomy, optics, visual processing, and binocularity. The processes of binocular interaction inhibition make a significant contribution to the misalignment of the visual perception. The modification of the proximal, distal and convergence fusion borders was determined. It was revealed that 87% of the presbyopic patients had binocularity shortage, whereas the reduction of binocularity field area in extreme grade was seen in 6% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS
The presbyopia formation is accompanied by a significant reorganization of the visual system activity and by the creation of the new visual processing interactions. These data may be useful in presbyopia surgery.
PubMed: 29417087
DOI: 10.1186/s40662-018-0095-0 -
Eye and Vision (London, England) 2017The main purpose of this review is to compare and analyze the results of the main PresbyLASIK approaches; central and peripheral. (Review)
Review
ABSTRACT
The main purpose of this review is to compare and analyze the results of the main PresbyLASIK approaches; central and peripheral.
SUMMARY
A comprehensive research was conducted in PUBMED using keywords like "presbyopia correction", "PresbyLASIK", "Corneal multifocality", "Laser blended vision". We reviewed the PresbyLASIK technique, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UNVA), and corrected near visual acuity (CNVA), and compared the differences between the techniques.
PubMed: 28413804
DOI: 10.1186/s40662-017-0075-9 -
Journal of the West African College of... 2022To determine the prevalence of presbyopia, near vision spectacle use, and near vision spectacle coverage among cosmetologists in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos...
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of presbyopia, near vision spectacle use, and near vision spectacle coverage among cosmetologists in Mushin Local Government Area of Lagos State with the view of creating awareness, improving productivity and quality of life.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among 251 cosmetologists aged ≥ 30 years. All participants had a standardized protocol including visual acuity assessment (distance and near), anterior and posterior segment examinations, and refraction. Spectacle usage, work, productivity impact, and near vision-related quality of life (NVQoL) information were obtained with the 12-item Near Vision-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Spectacle Usage section of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Spectacle and Work Productivity Questionnaire. Data obtained was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 (IBM Corp. Armonk, NY).
RESULTS
Two hundred and fifty-one cosmetologists were studied with a male to female ratio of 1:6.4 and overall mean age of 43.9 ± 6.5 years. The prevalence of presbyopia was 67.3% and the unmet need was 51.3%. Eighty-four percent of presbyopic participants reported severe difficulty with their NVQoL compared to 16% of non-presbyopes. There was a statistically significant association between uncorrected presbyopia and reduced NVQoL ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated a relatively high prevalence of presbyopia, high unmet need, and a significant reduction in the near vision-related quality of life. This indicates the need for improved access to refractive services and spectacles among this group of artisans in whom near vision plays an indispensable role.
PubMed: 36388744
DOI: 10.4103/jwas.jwas_149_22