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Proceedings of the National Academy of... Apr 2019Microbial anaerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons is a key process potentially involved in a myriad of geological and biochemical environments yet has remained notoriously...
Microbial anaerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons is a key process potentially involved in a myriad of geological and biochemical environments yet has remained notoriously difficult to identify and quantify in natural environments. We performed position-specific carbon isotope analysis of propane from cracking and incubation experiments. Anaerobic bacterial oxidation of propane leads to a pronounced and previously unidentified C enrichment in the central position of propane, which contrasts with the isotope signature associated with the thermogenic process. This distinctive signature allows the detection and quantification of anaerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons in diverse natural gas reservoirs and suggests that this process may be more widespread than previously thought. Position-specific isotope analysis can elucidate the fate of natural gas hydrocarbons and provide insight into a major but previously cryptic process controlling the biogeochemical cycling of globally significant greenhouse gases.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Bacteria; Carbon Isotopes; Natural Gas; Oxidation-Reduction; Propane
PubMed: 30886103
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1817784116 -
Nutrients Jan 2022species and their organosulfur-derived compounds could prevent obesity and metabolic dysfunction, as they exhibit immunomodulatory and antimicrobial properties. Here,...
species and their organosulfur-derived compounds could prevent obesity and metabolic dysfunction, as they exhibit immunomodulatory and antimicrobial properties. Here, we report the anti-obesogenic potential and dose-dependent effects (0.1 or 1 mg/kg/day) of propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. The obesogenic diet increased body weight gain and adipocyte size, and boosted inflammatory marker () expression in the adipose tissue. Conversely, PTS prevented these effects in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the higher dose of PTS improved glucose and hepatic homeostasis, modulated lipid metabolism, and raised markers of the thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue. In the colon, the obesogenic diet reduced IL-22 levels and increased gut barrier function markers (); however, the highest PTS dose normalized all of these markers to the levels of mice fed a standard diet. Gut microbiota analyses revealed no differences in diversity indexes and only minor taxonomic changes, such as an increase in butyrate producers, and , and a decrease in in mice receiving the highest PTS dose. In summary, our study provides preclinical evidence for the protective effects of PTS against obesity, which if confirmed in humans, might provide a novel plant-based dietary product to counteract this condition.
Topics: Allium; Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Disease Models, Animal; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Obesity; Propane
PubMed: 35276798
DOI: 10.3390/nu14030440 -
The Western Journal of Medicine Dec 1982Studies assessing reproductive function among male workers were rare in the United States before the discovery of sterility and infertility in 1977 among employees of a...
Studies assessing reproductive function among male workers were rare in the United States before the discovery of sterility and infertility in 1977 among employees of a pesticide formulating plant in central California. Subsequently, the etiologic agent, dibromochloropropane (DBCP), has been shown in numerous studies of humans and animals to produce similar effects. While studies on the influence of workplace exposures to various chemicals on reproductive function have proliferated during the past five years, no other single agent has approached the dramatic effects exhibited by DBCP. Other agents that have been evaluated and have shown some adverse effects are reviewed critically. Studies of spontaneous abortion or congenital abnormalities in children of wives of men exposed to anesthetic gases and DBCP indicate that pregnancy outcome, as well as infertility and sterility, is an important outcome measure.
Topics: Chemical Industry; Female; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Occupational Diseases; Propane; Reproduction
PubMed: 7164432
DOI: No ID Found -
European Journal of Pharmaceutical... Apr 2022Low-level fluoride in the oral environment for a long sustained period is more effective for preventing caries. However, the current fluoride delivery methods have a...
Low-level fluoride in the oral environment for a long sustained period is more effective for preventing caries. However, the current fluoride delivery methods have a short fluoride retention time and high-dose fluoride administration may increase the risk of dental fluorosis. This study developed a novel fluoride strip based poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), which can improve oral fluoride retention for desirable anticaries effect with minimal side effects. The fluoride strips based PPC (NaF-PPC strips) with different fluoride contents (0, 1.25, 2.5 and 5 wt.%) were developed by melt-blending method. The physico-chemical characteristics, drug loading, drug release properties, remineralization and antibacterial efficacy and biocompatibility of NaF-PPC strips were investigated. The in vitro drug release studies indicated that fluoride release in a sustained manner with no initial burst release and approximately 100% of fluoride ions were released from PPC strips over 24 days. NaF-PPC strips exhibited excellent remineralization and antibacterial potential when fluoride content up to 5%. Combination with biocompatibility, 2.5% NaF-PPC strips could be a promising fluoride application for preventing caries. This work provides an effective and novel topical fluoride delivery for general use.
Topics: Delayed-Action Preparations; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Fluorides; Fluorides, Topical; Propane
PubMed: 35063608
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106128 -
Science (New York, N.Y.) Aug 2010Vanadium nitrogenase not only reduces dinitrogen to ammonia but also reduces carbon monoxide to ethylene, ethane, and propane. The parallelism between the two reactions...
Vanadium nitrogenase not only reduces dinitrogen to ammonia but also reduces carbon monoxide to ethylene, ethane, and propane. The parallelism between the two reactions suggests a potential link in mechanism and evolution between the carbon and nitrogen cycles on Earth.
Topics: Adenosine Triphosphate; Azotobacter vinelandii; Biocatalysis; Carbon Monoxide; Ethane; Ethylenes; Evolution, Molecular; Genes, Bacterial; Hydrogen; Nitrogen; Nitrogenase; Oxidation-Reduction; Propane
PubMed: 20689010
DOI: 10.1126/science.1191455 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) is usually used to enhance the flavor characteristics of various foods. Volatile compounds in Welsh onions, including...
Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.) is usually used to enhance the flavor characteristics of various foods. Volatile compounds in Welsh onions, including sulfur-containing compounds, may vary during heat process and storage. Accordingly, the changes in the volatile compounds in Welsh onions, subjected to heat and antioxidant (ascorbic acid and glutathione) treatments during storage, are investigated in the present study. The majority of sulfur-containing compounds in Welsh onions showed significant differences between the untreated Welsh onions and heated Welsh onions. During the heating of the Welsh onions, some sulfur-containing compounds, such as 2-methylthiirane, 1-(methyldisulfanyl)prop-1-ene, 1-[[(E)-prop-1-enyl]disulfanyl]propane, 1-(propyltrisulfanyl)propane, 1-[[(E)-prop-1-enyl]trisulfanyl]propane, and (methyltetrasulfanyl)methane, showed significant differences between the untreated and heated Welsh onions (p < 0.05). In addition, partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to discriminate the heated Welsh onion samples added with different antioxidants. The heated Welsh onion samples added with ascorbic acid was mainly associated with 2-phenylacetaldehyde, acetic acid, methylsulfanylmethane, prop-2-ene-1-thiol, undecan-2-one, and (2E,4E)-deca-2,4-dienal. Moreover, the key volatile compounds in the heated Welsh onion samples added with glutathione were 3-ethylthiophene, 1-(methyldisulfanyl)-1-methylsulfanylpropane, 1-methylsulfanylpentane, 2-prop-2-enylsulfanylpropane, and 1-propan-2-ylsulfanylbutane.
Topics: Allium; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Glutathione; Hot Temperature; Onions; Propane; Sulfur
PubMed: 35566028
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092674 -
Nutrients May 2021INIA P572 is a strain able to produce the antimicrobial compound reuterin in dairy products, exhibiting a protective effect against some food-borne pathogens. In this...
INIA P572 is a strain able to produce the antimicrobial compound reuterin in dairy products, exhibiting a protective effect against some food-borne pathogens. In this study, we investigated some probiotic properties of this strain such as resistance to gastrointestinal passage or to colonic conditions, reuterin production in a colonic environment, and immunomodulatory activity, using different in vitro and in vivo models. The results showed a high resistance of this strain to gastrointestinal conditions, as well as capacity to grow and produce reuterin in a human colonic model. Although the in vitro assays using the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line did not demonstrate direct immunomodulatory properties, the in vivo assays using a Dextran Sulphate Sodium (DSS)-induced colitic mice model showed clear immunomodulatory and protective effects of this strain.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Gastrointestinal Tract; Glyceraldehyde; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Inflammation; Limosilactobacillus reuteri; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Probiotics; Propane
PubMed: 34072532
DOI: 10.3390/nu13061860 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Jul 2017A convenient method for the synthesis of bimetallic Pt-Cu catalysts and performance tests for propane dehydrogenation and characterization are demonstrated here. The...
A convenient method for the synthesis of bimetallic Pt-Cu catalysts and performance tests for propane dehydrogenation and characterization are demonstrated here. The catalyst forms a substitutional solid solution structure, with a small and uniform particle size around 2 nm. This is realized by careful control over the impregnation, calcination, and reduction steps during catalyst preparation and is identified by advanced in situ synchrotron techniques. The catalyst propane dehydrogenation performance continuously improves with increasing Cu:Pt atomic ratio.
Topics: Catalysis; Copper; Hydrogen; Metal Nanoparticles; Particle Size; Platinum; Propane; Video Recording
PubMed: 28745634
DOI: 10.3791/56040 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Oct 2018Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with a high mortality rate especially in developing countries. Insufficient treatment...
Synergistic Action of 1,2-Epoxy-3 (3- (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)- 4H-1-benzopiyran-4-on) Propane with Doxorubicin and Cisplatin through Increasing of p53, TIMP-3, and MicroRNA-34a in Cervical Cancer Cell Line (HeLa).
Objective: Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide, with a high mortality rate especially in developing countries. Insufficient treatment for cervical cancer, multiple side effects, and high drug prices encourage researchers to look for effective and selective cancer drugs with appropriate molecular targets. This study explored the cytotoxicity of (1,2-epoxy-3(3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-on) propane (EPI) synthesized from clove leaves oil on HeLa cells, its combination with doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (CIS), and also their influence on p53, TIMP-3, and miR-34a as therapeutic targets. Materials and Methods: This research was an experimental in vitro study on cervical cancer uteri culture. The cytotoxicity was analyzed by MTT assay. The drug combination synergisms were indicated by the combination index (CI) (using CompuSyn 1.4). HeLa cells in 32 wells were divided into eight groups as negative control, which were given EPI ½IC50, EPI IC50, EPI 2IC50, DOX IC50, combination of EPI+DOX, CIS, and the combination of EPI+CIS. The p53 and TIMP-3 concentrations were measured using ELISA, and expressions of miR-34a with qRT-PCR. One-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests were performed to determine the mean difference of all variables between the study groups. Results: IC50 for EPI was 33.24 (±3.01) μg/ml, while DOX and CIS were 4.8 μg/ml (±0.1), and 23.34 μg/ml (±3.01), respectively, while CI values for EPI-DOX were <0.1 and for EPI-CIS <0.9. Expression of p53 in group 6 (1.67±0.31) μg/ml and 8 (1.18±0.18) μg/ml, TIMP-3 6 (3.81±0.49) μg/ml and 8 (2.93±0.42) μg/ml were significantly higher compared to the control group (p<0.05). All treatment groups showed significantly increased miR-34a expressions compared to the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The combinations showed a very strong synergism and a moderate slight synergism for EPI-DOX and EPI-CIS. Both combinations were able to increase the expressions of p53, TIMP-3 proteins, and MiR-34a in the HeLa cells.
Topics: Cell Line, Tumor; Cisplatin; Doxorubicin; Drug Synergism; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; HeLa Cells; Humans; MicroRNAs; Propane; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 30362332
DOI: 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.10.2955 -
Nutrients Mar 2021The main biologically active components of plants belonging to the genus responsible for their biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and...
The main biologically active components of plants belonging to the genus responsible for their biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory, are organosulfur compounds. The aim of this study was to synthetize the mixture of dipropyl polysulfides (DPPS) and to test their biological activity in acute hepatitis. C57BL/6 mice were administered orally with DPPS 6 h before intravenous injection of Concanavalin A (ConA). Liver inflammation, necrosis and hepatocytes apoptosis were determined by histological analyses. Cytokines in liver tissue were determined by ELISA, expression of adhesive molecules and enzymes by RT PCR, while liver mononuclear cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. DPPS pretreatment significantly attenuated liver inflammation and injury, as evidenced by biochemical and histopathological observations. In DPPS-pretreated mice, messenger RNA levels of adhesion molecules and NADPH oxidase complex were significantly reduced, while the expression of SOD enzymes was enhanced. DPPS pretreatment decreased protein level of inflammatory cytokines and increased percentage of T regulatory cells in the livers of ConA mice. DPPS showed hepatoprotective effects in ConA-induced hepatitis, characterized by attenuation of inflammation and affection of Th17/Treg balance in favor of T regulatory cells and implicating potential therapeutic usage of DPPS mixture in inflammatory liver diseases.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Apoptosis; Concanavalin A; Disease Models, Animal; Hepatitis; Hepatocytes; Inflammation; Liver; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Necrosis; Propane; Sulfides
PubMed: 33809904
DOI: 10.3390/nu13031022