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Journal of Biochemistry Sep 1981A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for prostaglandin F2 alpha was developed in which prostaglandin F2 alpha was labeled with beta-D-galactosidase. After...
A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for prostaglandin F2 alpha was developed in which prostaglandin F2 alpha was labeled with beta-D-galactosidase. After competitive binding to antibody between enzyme-labeled and free prostaglandin F2 alpha, the immunoreactive product was precipitated by double antibody technique, and the enzyme activity of the precipitate was determined fluorometrically. The procedures allowed determination of 0.03-20 pmol of prostaglandin F2 alpha. The detection limit of 0.03 pmol was comparable with that of previously reported radioimmunoassays. Enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay showed almost the same cross-reactivity with other prostaglandins and metabolites.
Topics: Binding, Competitive; Cross Reactions; Dinoprost; Galactosidases; Immunoenzyme Techniques; Microchemistry; Prostaglandins F; beta-Galactosidase
PubMed: 6796568
DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a133532 -
Journal of Dairy Science Oct 2010Objectives were to evaluate the effects of inseminating cows observed in estrus following a PGF(2α)-based presynchronization protocol on reproductive and lactation... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Objectives were to evaluate the effects of inseminating cows observed in estrus following a PGF(2α)-based presynchronization protocol on reproductive and lactation performance. Weekly, Holstein cows (260 primiparous and 379 multiparous) were balanced by parity, body condition score at 3 d in milk (DIM), and previous lactation milk yield (multiparous cows) and assigned randomly to either of 2 reproductive programs. All cows received 2 injections of PGF(2α) at 35 and 49 DIM and a controlled internal drug release insert containing progesterone from 42 to 49 DIM. Cows assigned to the short voluntary waiting period (SVWP) treatment were inseminated if observed in estrus after the second injection of PGF(2α) of the presynchronization protocol, and those not inseminated were submitted to a timed artificial insemination (TAI) protocol (GnRH 62 DIM, PGF(2α) 69 DIM, GnRH 71 DIM, and TAI 72 DIM), whereas cows assigned to the long voluntary waiting period (LVWP) were all submitted to the TAI protocol and were TAI at 72 DIM. Plasma progesterone was determined at 35, 49, and 62 DIM for evaluation of interval from parturition to resumption of cyclicity. Pregnancy was diagnosed weekly at 32 and 60 d after first AI and at 42 d after subsequent inseminations. Percentage of SVWP cows inseminated in estrus was 58.9% and the interval from parturition to first AI was shorter for SVWP cows (64.7±0.4 vs. 74.2±0.5 DIM). Cows cyclic by 49 and 62 DIM were more likely to be inseminated in estrus than those anovular by 62 DIM (67.9, 61.0, and 32.8%, respectively) and cyclic cows by 49 and 62 DIM had shorter interval from parturition to first AI than anovular cows (62.6±0.7, 63.1±1.2, and 70.1±1.1 DIM). Treatment did not affect pregnancy per AI after first postpartum AI or the rate at which cows became pregnant. Cows that resumed cyclicity by 49 DIM had greater pregnancy per AI than cows still anovular by 62 DIM and became pregnant at a faster rate than cows that resumed cyclicity by 62 DIM and those still anovular by 62 DIM. Inseminating cows that displayed estrus after the presynchronization protocol did not affect reproductive performance compared with submission of 100% of cows to a TAI protocol.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Dairying; Estrus; Estrus Synchronization; Female; Insemination; Insemination, Artificial; Lactation; Pregnancy; Progesterone; Prostaglandins F; Reproduction
PubMed: 20854997
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3179 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Oct 1985Inhaled PGF2 alpha and PGE2 were evaluated for relative tussive activity to non-prostanoid tussive agents. In addition a comparison was sought between the present... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial
Inhaled PGF2 alpha and PGE2 were evaluated for relative tussive activity to non-prostanoid tussive agents. In addition a comparison was sought between the present observations and those in the cat, the only laboratory animal which consistently coughs to prostanoids. Five healthy volunteers were repeatedly challenged at 90 min intervals with aerosols of PGE2 (100-500 micrograms ml-1) and tussive activity was monitored. In a second separate study again monitoring tussive activity 10 healthy volunteers inhaled aerosols of either PGF2 alpha (0.1-100 micrograms ml-1), PGE2 (0.1-100 micrograms ml-1), acetylcholine (0.1-50 mg ml-1) or citric acid (5-20% w/v) in a randomised procedure. Objective measurement of tussive activity was achieved using a throat microphone linked via a discriminator to a pen recorder. All four compounds produced two distinct phases of tussive activity, an early phase during challenge and a late phase 1-15 min post-challenge. Repeated challenges with PGE2, produced significant (P less than 0.01) tachyphylaxis to the late phase responses only. Both PGF2 alpha and PGE2 were approximately 1000 and 10,000 times more potent than acetylcholine and citric acid respectively for both phases of tussive activity. Tussive activity was accompanied with retrosternal soreness and tightness of the chest for PGE2, increased sputum for PGF2 alpha, and sore throats with citric acid. Although a correlation exists for man and cat with regards to the tussive potency and the early and late phases of PGF2 alpha activity no such correlation seems to exist for PGE2. The high tussive potency of the prostaglandins in man suggest that their local release in various respiratory pathophysiological conditions may be responsible for the accompanying coughs/irritancy.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Aerosols; Citrates; Citric Acid; Cough; Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Humans; Prostaglandins; Prostaglandins E; Prostaglandins F; Tachyphylaxis
PubMed: 3865687
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1985.tb05077.x -
Scientific Reports Jul 2017Although ocular circulation at the retina and optic disc is known to be associated with the pathology of glaucoma, direct measurement of blood flow velocity has been... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Although ocular circulation at the retina and optic disc is known to be associated with the pathology of glaucoma, direct measurement of blood flow velocity has been difficult to obtain. This prospective observational study enrolled 11 consecutive patients with treatment-naïve primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and 11 healthy subjects, and the effects of topical tafluprost treatment on ocular circulation were examined at baseline and at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after initiating treatment with topical tafluprost on POAG patients using multiple modalities, which include adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO). Baseline mean intraocular pressure (IOP) was significantly higher and mean parafoveal blood flow velocity (pBFV) was significantly lower in POAG eyes than in healthy eyes. Mean IOP was significantly decreased (1 week, -19.1%; 4 weeks, -17.7%; and 12 weeks, -23.5%; all P < 0.001) and mean pBFV was significantly increased from the baseline at all follow-up periods after initiating treatment (1 week, 14.9%, P = 0.007; 4 weeks, 21.3%, P < 0.001; and 12 weeks, 14.3%, P = 0.002). These results reveal that tafluprost may not only lower IOP but may also improve retinal circulation in POAG eyes and AOSLO may be useful to evaluate retinal circulatory change after treatment.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adult; Blood Flow Velocity; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmoscopy; Prospective Studies; Prostaglandins F; Retinal Vessels; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28694501
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05258-4 -
FEBS Letters Jul 1985Polyclonal antisera against prostaglandins (PGs) are widely used for the assessment of the biological role of these mediators, but even the most specific contain... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Polyclonal antisera against prostaglandins (PGs) are widely used for the assessment of the biological role of these mediators, but even the most specific contain antibodies against the major metabolites and degradation products of the haptens employed. To overcome this inherent problem we produced monoclonal antibodies (mAs) against PGE2, PGF2 alpha and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha using the somatic cell hybridization technique. The mAs against 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGF2 alpha proved to be highly specific, but allowed only for moderate detection limits (1-2 ng) in conventional fluid phase radioimmunoassays (RIAs). One of the mAs against PGE2 permitted a 100-fold improvement in the detection limit while being almost devoid of cross-reactivity with metabolites and other structurally related PGs. These results show that highly specific mAs against PGs can be produced to improve the available RIA technique for PG quantification.
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibody Specificity; Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Female; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Prostaglandins E; Prostaglandins F; Radioimmunoassay
PubMed: 3859419
DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(85)81336-3 -
Kidney International Feb 1986The loss of proteins into the dialysate and the peritoneal generation of the immunoreactive prostanoids PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGF2 alpha, and TXB2 were studied in 12...
The loss of proteins into the dialysate and the peritoneal generation of the immunoreactive prostanoids PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGF2 alpha, and TXB2 were studied in 12 patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) during 16 episodes of peritonitis and in inflammation-free periods. Protein permeability, defined as the ratio of dialysate/plasma protein (D/P), decreased with increasing molecular weight, independent of the condition of the peritoneum. With peritonitis a general rise of permeability was noticed for total protein (TP) and the individual proteins beta 2-microglobulin (beta MG), albumin (Alb), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha MG) (P less than 0.001). Simultaneously, an increase of dialysate prostanoids occurred with predominance of the vasodilative acting prostaglandins PGI2, determined as its metabolite 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, and PGE2 by factors of 8.4 and 9.7, respectively (P less than 0.001), in comparison to peritonitis-free control. In the early phase of peritonitis (0 to 12 hr after the onset of therapy) the augumented peritoneal prostaglandin synthesis correlated positively with the increased permeability of TP (r greater than or equal to 0.7446, P less than 0.01) and the individual proteins beta MG, Alb, IgG, and alpha MG (r greater than or equal to 0.5970, P less than 0.05). Inhibition of cyclo-oxigenase activity by local administration of indomethacin inhibited both the generation of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and PGE2 by 39 and 42%, respectively (P less than 0.05), and the peritoneal loss of TP by 34% (P less than 0.05). In the absence of peritonitis indomethacin only diminished the synthesis of PGE2 whereas the generation of the other prostanoids remained unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Topics: 6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; Adult; Aged; Dinoprost; Dinoprostone; Female; Humans; Indomethacin; Male; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; Peritonitis; Permeability; Prostaglandins; Prostaglandins E; Prostaglandins F; Proteins; Thromboxane B2
PubMed: 3457982
DOI: 10.1038/ki.1986.38 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2022The 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) biomarker is used as the gold standard for tracing lipid oxidative stress in vivo. The analysis of urinary 8-iso-PGF2α is...
The 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) biomarker is used as the gold standard for tracing lipid oxidative stress in vivo. The analysis of urinary 8-iso-PGF2α is challenging when dealing with trace amounts of 8-iso-PGF2α and the complexity of urine matrixes. A packed-fiber solid-phase extraction (PFSPE)−coupled with HPLC-MS/MS−method, based on polystyrene (PS)-electrospun nanofibers, was developed for the specific determination of 8-iso-PGF2α in urine and compared with other newly developed LC-MS/MS methods. The method, which simultaneously processed 12 samples within 5 min on a self-made semi-automatic array solid-phase extraction processor, was the first to introduce PS-electrospun nanofibers as an adsorbent for the extraction of 8-iso-PGF2α and was successfully applied to real urine samples. After optimizing the PFSPE conditions, good linearity in the range of 0.05−5 ng/mL with R2 > 0.9996 and a satisfactory limit of detection of 0.015 ng/mL were obtained, with good intraday and interday precision (RSD < 10%) and recoveries of 95.3−103.8%. This feasible method is expected to be used for the batch quantitative analysis of urinary 8-iso-PGF2α.
Topics: Biomarkers; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Chromatography, Liquid; Dinoprost; Oxidative Stress; Prostaglandins F; Solid Phase Extraction; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 35889290
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144417 -
Fertility and Sterility Jan 1977Spontaneous isometric contractions of the human fallopian tube were measured in vitro. The tubes were obtained during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in 16... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Spontaneous isometric contractions of the human fallopian tube were measured in vitro. The tubes were obtained during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle in 16 experiments and during the luteal phase in 23 experiments. The area under the curve and the frequency of spontaneous isometric contractions, together with the amount of prostaglandins E and F produced by the tube, were measured. Using each tissue as its own control, the effects of adding indomethacin or papeverine to the tissue both were assessed. Indomethacin, a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, significantly reduced the prostaglandin output without affecting the tubal motility. By contrast, papaverine, which is a smooth muscle relaxant but not an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, significantly reduced both motility and prostaglandin output. It is concluded that prostaglandins do not have a direct role in the regulation of the spontaneous motility of the human fallopian tube.
Topics: Fallopian Tubes; Female; Humans; In Vitro Techniques; Indomethacin; Menstruation; Muscle Contraction; Papaverine; Prostaglandins E; Prostaglandins F
PubMed: 832721
DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)42322-8 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Jan 2002To assess the additive effect of unoprostone and latanoprost in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) METHODS: 32 patients with... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
AIMS
To assess the additive effect of unoprostone and latanoprost in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT) METHODS: 32 patients with POAG or OHT were randomised to receive either latanoprost once daily or unoprostone twice daily for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, all patients received both latanoprost and unoprostone for another 4 weeks. The IOP was measured at 9 am and 5 pm on the baseline, day 28, and day 56 visits, and at 9 am on day 14 and day 42 visits. The medications were given to the patients in an open label fashion. The observer was masked to the treatment given. The mean of the measurements was calculated. Safety parameters were also recorded. The additive effect of the medications was assessed by the reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) when both medications were used, compared with when one medication was used.
RESULTS
28 patients completed both treatment periods and had IOP data available for evaluation. After 1 month of treatment, latanoprost significantly reduced IOP (mean by 6.1 (SEM 0.8) mm Hg (p<0.001) and unoprostone by 4.9 (1.0) mm Hg (p<0.001) from the baseline of 24.4 (0.6) mm Hg and 24.4 (1.1) mm Hg respectively (p = 0.18). When latanoprost once daily was given to patients treated with unoprostone, there was additional IOP lowering of 1.9 (0.6) mm Hg (p = 0.012). However, adding unoprostone to those being treated with latanoprost produced an IOP change of +0.4 (0.5) mm Hg (p = 0.42). Ocular symptoms and findings were mild and equally distributed between treatment groups, and after combined therapy. Hyperaemia and ocular irritation were the most frequently reported events. Over a third of patients experienced ocular irritation with the combination of medications.
CONCLUSIONS
Latanoprost once daily causes additional IOP lowering in eyes which were being treated with unoprostone twice a day. However, there was no additional IOP lowering when unoprostone was added to eyes which were being treated with latanoprost. Both drugs were well tolerated together with few ocular adverse events.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Antihypertensive Agents; Dinoprost; Drug Synergism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Latanoprost; Male; Middle Aged; Ocular Hypertension; Prospective Studies; Prostaglandins F, Synthetic
PubMed: 11801508
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.86.1.75 -
Proceedings of the National Academy of... Mar 1983We continuously monitored the circadian sleep patterns of unrestrained rats for more than 96 hr and infused various prostaglandins into their third ventricles for 10 hr...
We continuously monitored the circadian sleep patterns of unrestrained rats for more than 96 hr and infused various prostaglandins into their third ventricles for 10 hr to study the effects on inducing sleep. Prostaglandin D2 at 6 fmol/min had no effect on either slow wave sleep or paradoxical sleep. However, prostaglandin D2 at as little as 60 fmol/min caused a significant amount of excess slow wave sleep as compared with the control level during saline infusion. Paradoxical sleep was induced by prostaglandin D2 at doses greater than 600 fmol/min. Prostaglandin D2 (600 fmol/min) increased slow wave sleep by 33% and paradoxical sleep by 56%. Although prostaglandin F2 alpha (600 fmol/min) increased the amount of slow wave sleep, its activity was less than that of the same amount of prostaglandin D2. Prostaglandin E2 (600 fmol/min) had no effect on increasing the amounts of both slow wave sleep and paradoxical sleep. During the infusion of prostaglandin D2, rats were easily aroused by clap sound stimulation and their sleeping and waking postures remained normal. Further, their sleep was episodic, as observed in the physiological sleep of rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Male; Prostaglandins; Prostaglandins D; Prostaglandins E; Prostaglandins F; Rats; Sleep
PubMed: 6572936
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.6.1735