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Journal of Neuroinflammation Jul 2023Immune inflammatory responses play an important role in spinal cord injury (SCI); however, the beneficial and detrimental effects remain controversial. Many studies have...
BACKGROUND
Immune inflammatory responses play an important role in spinal cord injury (SCI); however, the beneficial and detrimental effects remain controversial. Many studies have described the role of neutrophils, macrophages, and T lymphocytes in immune inflammatory responses after SCI, although little is known about the role of B lymphocytes, and immunosuppression can easily occur after SCI.
METHODS
A mouse model of SCI was established, and HE staining and Nissl staining were performed to observe the pathological changes. The size and morphology of the spleen were examined, and the effects of SCI on spleen function and B cell levels were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. To explore the specific mechanism of immunosuppression after SCI, B cells from the spleens of SCI model mice were isolated using magnetic beads and analyzed by 4D label-free quantitative proteomics. The level of inflammatory cytokines and iron ions were measured, and the expression of proteins related to the Tom20 pathway was quantified by western blotting. To clarify the relationship between iron ions and B cell pyroptosis after SCI, we used FeSO and CCCP, which induce oxidative stress to stimulate SCI, to interfere with B cell processes. siRNA transfection to knock down Tom20 (Tom20-KD) in B cells and human B lymphocytoma cell was used to verify the key role of Tom20. To further explore the effect of iron ions on SCI, we used deferoxamine (DFO) and iron dextran (ID) to interfere with SCI processes in mice. The level of iron ions in splenic B cells and the expression of proteins related to the Tom20-Bax-caspase-gasdermin E (GSDME) pathway were analyzed.
RESULTS
SCI could damage spleen function and lead to a decrease in B cell levels; SCI upregulated the expression of Tom20 protein in the mitochondria of B cells; SCI could regulate the concentration of iron ions and activate the Tom20-Bax-caspase-GSDME pathway to induce B cell pyroptosis. Iron ions aggravated CCCP-induced B cell pyroptosis and human B lymphocytoma pyroptosis by activating the Tom20-Bax-caspase-GSDME pathway. DFO could reduce inflammation and promote repair after SCI by inhibiting Tom20-Bax-caspase-GSDME-induced B cell pyroptosis.
CONCLUSIONS
Iron overload activates the Tom20-Bax-caspase-GSDME pathway after SCI, induces B cell pyroptosis, promotes inflammation, and aggravates the changes caused by SCI. This may represent a novel mechanism through which the immune inflammatory response is induced after SCI and may provide a new key target for the treatment of SCI.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Mice; B-Lymphocytes; bcl-2-Associated X Protein; Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone; Caspases; Gasdermins; Inflammation; Iron; Pseudolymphoma; Pyroptosis; Spinal Cord Injuries
PubMed: 37480037
DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02848-0 -
Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine Apr 2021Cutaneous pseudolymphoma can histologically and clinically simulate various types of cutaneous lymphoma. We conducted the current study to evaluate the...
BACKGROUND
Cutaneous pseudolymphoma can histologically and clinically simulate various types of cutaneous lymphoma. We conducted the current study to evaluate the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) aspects of cutaneous pseudolymphoma (PSL).
METHODS
30 cases of cutaneous PSL were selected from the archives of 2013-2017 in Shahid Faghihi Hospital pathology lab, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Available clinical data, histopathological features and IHC findings were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS
The female: male ratio was 2:1 and the median age was 47±14.9 years. The lesions were located on the head and neck 26 (86.7%), trunk 2 (6.7%) and extremities 2 (6.7%). 23 (76.7%) cases had nodular pattern, while 7 (23.3%) showed diffuse pattern. The grenz zone was seen in 24 (80%) cases. Sixteen (53.3%) cases showed top heavy infiltration, 11 (36.7%) showed the same distribution of infiltration at the superficial and deep dermis, often involving the subcutaneous fat and 3(10%) showed bottom heavy infiltration. In IHC, 11(36.6%) cases showed the B cell type, 10 (33.3%) T cell type and 9 (30%) mixed type (B and T cells).
CONCLUSION
None of the cases was suspicious for cutaneous lymphoma, applying IHC staining. Gender distribution, and the site of cutaneous lesions were similar to previous studies. The most common histological subtype was nodular, while the B-cell cutaneous pseudolymphoma was slightly more common compared to the T-cell type.
PubMed: 34221277
DOI: 10.22088/cjim.12.3.283 -
Acta Dermato-venereologica Mar 2018Cutaneous pseudolymphoma (CPL) is a reactive polyclonal T- or B-cell lymphoproliferative process. CPL may appear as localized or disseminated skin lesions. While most... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous pseudolymphoma (CPL) is a reactive polyclonal T- or B-cell lymphoproliferative process. CPL may appear as localized or disseminated skin lesions. While most cases of CPL are idiopathic, they may also occur as a response to, for example, contact dermatitis, arthropod reactions, and bacterial infections. CPL can be classified based on its clinical features, but all variants have similar histopathological patterns of either predominantly B-cell infiltrates, T-cell infiltrates, or mixed T/B-cell infiltrates. The prognosis of CPL is good, but the underlying disease process should be taken into account. If an antigenic stimulus is identified, it should be removed. In patients with idiopathic CPL, a close follow-up control strategy should be adopted. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize all reported treatments for CPL. The review was based on articles from the PubMed database, using the query "skin pseudolymphoma treatment", English and German, about "human" subjects, and published between 1990 and 2015 documenting adequate treatment and/or aetiology. Mainly individual case reports and small case series were found. Treatment options include topical and intralesional agents, systemic agents, and physical modalities. The final part of the review proposes a treatment algorithm for CPL according to each aetiology, based on the literature of the last 25 years. Future research should focus on randomized controlled trials and studies on long-term outcomes, which were not identified in the current review.
Topics: B-Lymphocytes; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Humans; Predictive Value of Tests; Pseudolymphoma; Risk Factors; Skin; Skin Diseases; T-Lymphocytes; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29136262
DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2841 -
Romanian Journal of Morphology and... 2013The current report examines the evolution of the concepts of immunocytoma and pseudolymphoma in a historical perspective, paying special attention to their evolvement... (Review)
Review
The current report examines the evolution of the concepts of immunocytoma and pseudolymphoma in a historical perspective, paying special attention to their evolvement into the groups of marginal-zone lymphoma and cutaneous MALT-lymphoma. It also examines the current conception of the existence of at least two types of cutaneous MALT-lymphomas and their relation to the duality immunocytoma/pseudolymphoma from the old literature.
Topics: Female; Humans; Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone; Male; Pseudolymphoma; Skin; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 23529303
DOI: No ID Found -
Asian Journal of Surgery Feb 2023Pseudolymphoma is a rare, benign, nonspecific condition that forms a mass-like lesion characterized by the proliferation of non-neoplastic lymphocytes. Lacking of...
BACKGROUND
Pseudolymphoma is a rare, benign, nonspecific condition that forms a mass-like lesion characterized by the proliferation of non-neoplastic lymphocytes. Lacking of specific clinical symptoms, serological markers, and imaging features, the diagnosis is difficult. We reporte five cases of hepatic pseudolymphoma and provide a systematic review of existing literatures to improve our understanding of this rare liver disease.
METHODS
We followed-up five cases of hepatic pseudolymphoma in West China Hospital from January 2002 to January 2022. We also summarized the cases of hepatic pseudolymphoma from January 1981 to December 2021 through the PubMed database and comprehensively analyzed the characteristics of the cases.
RESULTS
The pathologic features of the five cases were characterized by benign lymphoid tissue hyperplasia, lymphoid follicle formation, and a polarized germinal center. Immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and gene rearrangement revealed non-malignant lymphoma. Besides, a total of 116 cases have been reported in the PubMed database from 1981 to 2021. The incidence of hepatic pseudolymphoma is higher in middle-aged and elderly women and has been reported more frequently in Asia. All cases were pathologically diagnosed, among which 85.95% of the patients were treated by surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
Hepatic pseudolymphoma is an extremely rare benign disease, mainly in middle-aged and elderly women. Without distinctive clinical and imaging characteristics, pathological diagnosis is the highly reliable method at present. Thus, in the absence of risk factors for a primary liver tumor or metastatic tumor in middle-aged and elderly women, the possibility of pseudolymphoma should be considered to avoid extensive treatments.
Topics: Middle Aged; Aged; Humans; Female; Pseudolymphoma; Liver Diseases; Liver Neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; Diagnosis, Differential
PubMed: 36123208
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.08.113 -
Skin Research and Technology : Official... Jan 2022Cutaneous pseudolymphomas are reactive lymphoproliferations. The most frequent type is nodular pseudolymphoma, and to date, their ultrasonographic appearance has not...
Cutaneous pseudolymphomas are reactive lymphoproliferations. The most frequent type is nodular pseudolymphoma, and to date, their ultrasonographic appearance has not been reported. We reviewed the ultrasound images of histologically confirmed nodular types of pseudolymphomas studied with 18 and 71 MHz linear probes. All lesions were predominantly hypoechoic and presented prominent vascularity. Seventy percent of cases involved dermis and hypodermis, and 30% were only dermal. Seventy percent of cases showed internal hypoechoic globules, and 100% presented a teardrop sign, more clearly detected at 71 MHz. Ultrasound can support the diagnosis, assessment of the extent, and degree of vascularity of cutaneous nodular pseudolymphomas.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Pseudolymphoma; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34455640
DOI: 10.1111/srt.13099 -
Pharmaceutics Dec 2022Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment modality frequently used in dermatology to treat superficial skin cancers but also some inflammatory or... (Review)
Review
Topical photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment modality frequently used in dermatology to treat superficial skin cancers but also some inflammatory or infectious dermatoses. PDT appears a more and more promising therapeutic option also for cutaneous lymphomas, either of T- or B-cell origin. It is a well-tolerated treatment and has excellent cosmetic outcomes, less side effects compared to other therapies (steroids, surgery, radiotherapy, and so on), no particular contraindications, and is easily repeatable in case of relapses. However, how PDT works in the treatment of cutaneous lymphoproliferative diseases is poorly understood and the literature data are still controversial. Further randomized, controlled clinical trials involving a greater number of patients and centers with a long follow-up are necessary to assess the efficacy of PDT and establish a unique standardized treatment protocol in relation to the lymphomatous disease and the type, thickness, and location of the lesions.
PubMed: 36678676
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010047 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Sep 2018
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Child, Preschool; Ear; Female; Humans; Lyme Disease; Pseudolymphoma
PubMed: 30274569
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2016Cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates (CLIs) are common in routine dermatopathology. However, differentiating a reactive CLI from a malignant lymphocytic infiltrate is often a... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates (CLIs) are common in routine dermatopathology. However, differentiating a reactive CLI from a malignant lymphocytic infiltrate is often a significant challenge since many inflammatory dermatoses can clinically and/or histopathologically mimic cutaneous lymphomas, coined pseudolymphomas. We conducted a literature review from 1966 to July 1, 2015, at PubMed.gov using the search terms: Cutaneous lymphoma, cutaneous pseudolymphoma, cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia, simulants/mimics/imitators of cutaneous lymphomas, and cutaneous lymphoid infiltrates. The diagnostic approach to CLIs and the most common differential imitators of lymphoma is discussed herein based on six predominant morphologic and immunophenotypic, histopathologic patterns: (1) Superficial dermal T-cell infiltrates (2) superficial and deep dermal perivascular and/or nodular natural killer/T-cell infiltrates (3) pan-dermal diffuse T-cell infiltrates (4) panniculitic T-cell infiltrates (5) small cell predominant B-cell infiltrates, and (6) large-cell predominant B-cell infiltrates. Since no single histopathological feature is sufficient to discern between a benign and a malignant CLI, the overall balance of clinical, histopathological, immunophenotypic, and molecular features should be considered carefully to establish a diagnosis. Despite advances in ancillary studies such as immunohistochemistry and molecular clonality, these studies often display specificity and sensitivity limitations. Therefore, proper clinicopathological correlation still remains the gold standard for the precise diagnosis of CLIs.
PubMed: 27512181
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.185698