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Translational Vision Science &... Aug 2021The purpose of this study was to determine if a battery of polarization-modulated stimuli, quantified as a single metric, is effective in identifying macular disease in...
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to determine if a battery of polarization-modulated stimuli, quantified as a single metric, is effective in identifying macular disease in the presence/absence of cataract or pseudophakia.
METHODS
Using a modified liquid crystal display, polarization pattern perception (PPP) for a formulated battery of geometric and logMAR stimuli was evaluated in participants that had either no eye pathology (healthy participants) or were grouped according to the presence of cataract, pseudophakia, and/or age-related macular degeneration (AMD). PPP was quantified as response frequencies to individual stimuli, and as a novel monocular polarization sensitivity score (Ps) based on perception of the stimulus battery set.
RESULTS
Stimulus response frequencies were pattern-dependent and, compared with healthy participants, reduced for cataract and AMD groups but not for subjects with pseudophakia. Compared with healthy eyes (n = 47, median Ps = 17), Ps was significantly reduced by AMD (n = 59, median Ps = 1, P < 0.001) and, to a lesser extent, by cataracts (n = 80, median Ps = 6, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between Ps for healthy and pseudophakic eyes (n = 47, median Ps = 13, P = 0.323). There was no significant correlation between Ps and logMAR visual acuity.
CONCLUSIONS
In the absence of significant cataract, or in pseudophakia, a set of polarization-modulated visual stimuli, quantified as the Ps score, distinguishes AMD from healthy maculae.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
Perception of polarization-modulated stimuli, previously shown to be macula-dependent in a laboratory setting, is effective as a test of macular function in health and disease in a clinic setting.
Topics: Cataract; Humans; Macular Degeneration; Pseudophakia; Refraction, Ocular; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 34351366
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.9.8 -
PloS One 2016To assess wavefront derived refraction and full eye biometry including ciliary muscle dimension and full eye axial geometry in pseudophakic eyes using spectral domain...
PURPOSE
To assess wavefront derived refraction and full eye biometry including ciliary muscle dimension and full eye axial geometry in pseudophakic eyes using spectral domain OCT equipped with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.
METHODS
Twenty-eight adult subjects (32 pseudophakic eyes) having recently undergone cataract surgery were enrolled in this study. A custom system combining two optical coherence tomography systems with a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor was constructed to image and monitor changes in whole eye biometry, the ciliary muscle and ocular aberration in the pseudophakic eye. A Badal optical channel and a visual target aligning with the wavefront sensor were incorporated into the system for measuring the wavefront-derived refraction. The imaging acquisition was performed twice. The coefficients of repeatability (CoR) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated.
RESULTS
Images were acquired and processed successfully in all patients. No significant difference was detected between repeated measurements of ciliary muscle dimension, full-eye biometry or defocus aberration. The CoR of full-eye biometry ranged from 0.36% to 3.04% and the ICC ranged from 0.981 to 0.999. The CoR for ciliary muscle dimensions ranged from 12.2% to 41.6% and the ICC ranged from 0.767 to 0.919. The defocus aberrations of the two measurements were 0.443 ± 0.534 D and 0.447 ± 0.586 D and the ICC was 0.951.
CONCLUSIONS
The combined system is capable of measuring full eye biometry and refraction with good repeatability. The system is suitable for future investigation of pseudoaccommodation in the pseudophakic eye.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biometry; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pseudophakia; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 27010674
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152293 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Nov 2018Phacoemulsification has been shown to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP). The mechanism of action is thought to be via increased trabecular outflow facility. However,...
PURPOSE
Phacoemulsification has been shown to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP). The mechanism of action is thought to be via increased trabecular outflow facility. However, studies on the relationship between phacoemulsification and outflow facility have been inconsistent. This study intended to examine the change in electronic Schiotz tonographic outflow facility (TOF) and IOP measurements following phacoemulsification.
METHODS
Patients who were due to undergo a standard clear corneal incision phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, at St Thomas' Hospital, were invited to participate in this study. IOP was measured using Goldmann's applanation tonometer, and TOF was measured by electronic Schiotz tonography at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively.
RESULTS
Forty-one patients were recruited. Tonography data for 27 patients were reliable and available at all time points. Eleven cases had primary open angle glaucoma and cataract, while 16 patients had cataract only. Mean IOP reduced at every time point postoperatively significantly compared with baseline. TOF improved significantly after cataract extraction at all time points (baseline of 0.14±0.06 vs 0.18±0.09 at 3 months, P=0.02 and 0.20±0.09 at 6 months, P=0.003, 0.17±0.07 µL/min mmHg at 12 months, P=0.04). Five contralateral eyes of patients with cataracts only who did not have any intraocular surgery during the follow-up period were used as comparison. Their IOP and TOF did not change significantly at any postoperative visits.
CONCLUSION
This is the first study using electronic Schiotz tonography with documented anterior chamber depth and gonioscopy after modern cataract surgery (CS) with phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. We demonstrated that phacoemulsification increases TOF and this fully accounts for the IOP reduction following CS.
ISTCRN REGISTRATION NUMBER
ISRCTN04247738.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aqueous Humor; Cataract; Female; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Gonioscopy; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Male; Middle Aged; Phacoemulsification; Prospective Studies; Pseudophakia; Slit Lamp Microscopy; Tonometry, Ocular; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 29654113
DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311548 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2023This study compared the optical quality and chromatic performance of refractive-diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs) that are designed to extend the range of vision of...
This study compared the optical quality and chromatic performance of refractive-diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs) that are designed to extend the range of vision of pseudophakic patients and alter chromatic aberration. Five IOLs were evaluated, Tecnis Synergy and Triumf POD L GF, both intended to compensate for eye's chromatism, as well as Acriva Trinova Pro C-a lens that increases chromatic aberration, and AT Lisa Tri and AcrySof IQ PanOptix. An optical setup composed of a corneal model inducing monochromatic and chromatic aberrations and incorporating various spectral conditions was employed. The two chromatic-aberration correcting IOLs demonstrated the lowest far-focus dispersion, but it was negative only, with the Synergy indicating its ability to reduce eye's chromatic aberration. Although the Trinova increased far-point chromatism, it was close to the level of the PanOptix, but higher than that of the AT Lisa. All the studied models demonstrated varying optical quality in response to light color. Still, the strongest spectral dependency was associated with achromatizing technology. Therefore, chromatic aberration and wavelength dependency should be considered in IOL optimization and predicting visual function, particularly in non-white spectral conditions.
Topics: Lenses, Intraocular; Visual Acuity; Pseudophakia; Humans; Prosthesis Design
PubMed: 37679352
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41634-z -
Aging Mar 2017Cataract surgery is the most frequently performed surgical procedure worldwide. We aim to determine the prevalence of having implanted an artificial lens (pseudophakia)...
Cataract surgery is the most frequently performed surgical procedure worldwide. We aim to determine the prevalence of having implanted an artificial lens (pseudophakia) and of no lens (aphakia) and to compare visual function.As part of the Gutenberg Health study, a population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Germany. An ophthalmological examination including slit-lamp examination was conducted. Prevalence including 95% confidential intervals were calculated and analyses were conducted for systemic and ocular associated factors with pseudophakia using multivariable logistic regression models. Vision-related quality of life was assessed using a standardized questionnaire and Rasch transformation.14,696 people were included. Of these, 1.55% [1.36%-1.77%] had unilateral pseudophakia and 3.08% [2.81%-3.37%] had bilateral pseudophakia. Unilateral aphakia was present in 21 people and bilateral aphakia in 2 people. Pseudophakia was independently associated with age, higher body weight and lower body height, diabetes and smoking. Vision-related quality of life values were similar for those with bilateral phakia and pseudophakia but were lower for those with unilateral pseudophakia.The pseudophakia status is related to several cardiovascular risk factors, indicating a relationship to an aging effect that causes premature lens opacification. Bilateral pseudophakia can almost imitate the physiological condition of phakia except for the need to use glasses.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aphakia, Postcataract; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Germany; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Pseudophakia; Quality of Life; Risk Factors
PubMed: 28358301
DOI: 10.18632/aging.101208 -
PloS One 2023To comprehensively investigate risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment (RD) surgery. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
To comprehensively investigate risk factors for proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) after retinal detachment (RD) surgery.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched until May 22, 2023. Risk factors included demographic and disease-related risk factors. Odds ratios (ORs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) were used as the effect sizes, and shown with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Sensitivity analysis was conducted. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022378652).
RESULTS
Twenty-two studies of 13,875 subjects were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Increased age was associated with a higher risk of postoperative PVR (pooled WMD = 3.98, 95%CI: 0.21, 7.75, P = 0.038). Smokers had a higher risk of postoperative PVR than non-smokers (pooled OR = 5.07, 95%CI: 2.21-11.61, P<0.001). Presence of preoperative PVR was associated with a greater risk of postoperative PVR (pooled OR = 22.28, 95%CI: 2.54, 195.31, P = 0.005). Presence of vitreous hemorrhage was associated with a greater risk of postoperative PVR (pooled OR = 4.12, 95%CI: 1.62, 10.50, P = 0.003). Individuals with aphakia or pseudophakia had an increased risk of postoperative PVR in contrast to those without (pooled OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.95, P = 0.040). The risk of postoperative PVR was higher among patients with macula off versus those with macula on (pooled OR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.24, 2.74, P = 0.002). Extent of RD in patients with postoperative PVR was larger than that in patients without (pooled WMD = 0.31, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.59, P = 0.036). Patients with postoperative PVR had longer duration of RD symptoms than those without (pooled WMD = 10.36, 95%CI: 2.29, 18.43, P = 0.012).
CONCLUSION
Age, smoking, preoperative PVR, vitreous hemorrhage, aphakia or pseudophakia, macula off, extent of RD, and duration of RD symptoms were risk factors for postoperative PVR in patients undergoing RD surgery, which may help better identify high-risk patients, and provide timely interventions.
Topics: Humans; Retinal Detachment; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative; Vitreous Hemorrhage; Pseudophakia; Risk Factors; Aphakia
PubMed: 37903162
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292698 -
Eye (London, England) Nov 2022
Topics: Humans; Pseudophakia; Corneal Edema; Lenses, Intraocular; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Phacoemulsification
PubMed: 35279690
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02014-5 -
Eye (London, England) Aug 2012To evaluate the visual and anatomical results of surgery for macular hole-related retinal detachment (MHRD) after phacoemulsification cataract extraction. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To evaluate the visual and anatomical results of surgery for macular hole-related retinal detachment (MHRD) after phacoemulsification cataract extraction.
METHODS
Data for all patients who underwent surgery for MHRD after phacoemulsification cataract extraction from 1 December 1998 to 30 September 2008 in one hospital were evaluated. Patient characteristics, best-corrected visual acuity (VA) preoperatively and at last examination, surgical technique, anatomical success, and follow-up period were extracted and analysed statistically.
RESULTS
A total of 13 625 eyes of 10 076 patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery were included. In the follow-up period, 10 cases of MHRD in nine patients were observed, of which seven eyes had high myopia. The mean axial length was 30.97 ± 1.36 mm (29.19, 32.97) and mean myopia was-19.35 ± 1.93 (-7.5,-3.5) dioptres. Overall anatomical success was achieved in 90% (9 out of 10 eyes). There was no statistically significant difference (P=0.240) between the logarithm of the MAR VA before the phacoemulsification cataract extraction and after MHRD surgical repair. VA increased in three eyes but decreased in the other seven after MHRD surgery.
CONCLUSIONS
As a primary procedure, vitreous surgery combined with other necessary adjunct procedures such as membrane peeling and retinal tamponade seems to be successful in achieving anatomical success. However, VA improvement is dependent on the type of macular lesion and not the surgical procedure.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Axial Length, Eye; Endotamponade; Female; Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Male; Middle Aged; Phacoemulsification; Postoperative Complications; Pseudophakia; Retinal Detachment; Retinal Perforations; Retrospective Studies; Silicone Oils; Time Factors; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Visual Acuity; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 22595907
DOI: 10.1038/eye.2012.87 -
Acta Ophthalmologica May 2015To evaluate the index of contrast sensitivity (ICS) in eyes after cataract surgery with various intraocular lens designs and to compare with the area under log contrast... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To evaluate the index of contrast sensitivity (ICS) in eyes after cataract surgery with various intraocular lens designs and to compare with the area under log contrast sensitivity curve (AULCSF).
METHODS
The study comprised 395 eyes of 198 patients in the age of 73.1 ± 7.86 years receiving 11 different aspheric IOL designs (aberration-free and correcting) and a spherical (IOL) as control group. Follow-up examination after bilateral cataract surgery was completed within 71 ± 21.4 days after second IOL implantation. Patients underwent complete examination and biometry before surgery. The follow-up examination included visual acuity, pupil diameter, residual spherical aberration and mesopic as well as photopic contrast sensitivity (CS) measured with the Optec 6500 Functional Vision Analyzer. From the contrast sensitivity, we calculated the ICS according to Haughom and Strand.
RESULTS
The median mesopic ICS was -144, -131 and -85, and the median photopic ICS was -289, -285 and -212 for the spherical, aberration-free and aberration-correcting IOL group, respectively. While we could not detect a significant difference between the aberration groups in some spatial frequencies, the ICS showed a significant difference between the aberration-correcting and the aberration-free or the spherical group, respectively. No significant difference was found between the aberration-free and the spherical group.
CONCLUSIONS
The ICS is a useful index for evaluation of overall CS and comparison of different patient groups. With aberration-correcting IOLs, ICS was statistically better than with aberration-free or spherical IOLs, whereas the latter two showed no significant difference.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Astigmatism; Axial Length, Eye; Biometry; Color Vision; Contrast Sensitivity; Female; Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Lenses, Intraocular; Male; Mesopic Vision; Phacoemulsification; Prosthesis Design; Pseudophakia; Refraction, Ocular
PubMed: 25160713
DOI: 10.1111/aos.12538 -
American Journal of Ophthalmology Oct 2013To estimate and compare the costs of scleral buckle (SB) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To estimate and compare the costs of scleral buckle (SB) and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
DESIGN
Cost analysis based on published prospective data comparing SB and PPV for RRD repair.
METHODS
The costs of initial surgery, postoperative retina-affecting procedures, and eventual cataract extraction resulting from SB and PPV for RRD repair were estimated for both phakic and pseudophakic or aphakic patients and then were compared. A univariate sensitivity analysis also was performed to examine the sensitivity of our estimations.
RESULTS
When considering all costs, SB was 10.7% less expensive than PPV for RRD repair in phakic patients, whereas PPV was 12% less expensive than SB for RRD repair in pseudophakic or aphakic patients. These conclusions were robust in the sensitivity analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
SB seems to offer a modest cost savings over PPV for repair of RRD in phakic patients. However, in pseudophakic and aphakic patients, PPV seems to be less expensive than SB.
Topics: Cataract Extraction; Costs and Cost Analysis; Health Care Costs; Humans; Insurance Claim Review; Prospective Studies; Pseudophakia; Retina; Retinal Detachment; Scleral Buckling; Visual Acuity; Vitrectomy
PubMed: 23876865
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2013.05.019