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BMC Geriatrics Jan 2014The choice of measure for use as a primary outcome in geriatric research is contingent upon the construct of interest and evidence for its psychometric properties. The... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The choice of measure for use as a primary outcome in geriatric research is contingent upon the construct of interest and evidence for its psychometric properties. The Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI) has been widely used to assess functional limitations and disability in studies with older adults. The primary aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the current available evidence for the psychometric properties of the LLFDI.
METHODS
Published studies of any design reporting results based on administration of the original version of the LLFDI in community-dwelling older adults were identified after searches of 9 electronic databases. Data related to construct validity (convergent/divergent and known-groups validity), test-retest reliability and sensitivity to change were extracted. Effect sizes were calculated for within-group changes and summarized graphically.
RESULTS
Seventy-one studies including 17,301 older adults met inclusion criteria. Data supporting the convergent/divergent and known-groups validity for both the Function and Disability components were extracted from 30 and 18 studies, respectively. High test-retest reliability was found for the Function component, while results for the Disability component were more variable. Sensitivity to change of the LLFDI was confirmed based on findings from 25 studies. The basic lower extremity subscale and overall summary score of the Function component and limitation dimension of the Disability component were associated with the strongest relative effect sizes.
CONCLUSIONS
There is extensive evidence to support the construct validity and sensitivity to change of the LLFDI among various clinical populations of community-dwelling older adults. Further work is needed on predictive validity and values for clinically important change. Findings from this review can be used to guide the selection of the most appropriate LLFDI subscale for use an outcome measure in geriatric research and practice.
Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Aged, 80 and over; Disability Evaluation; Disabled Persons; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Psychometrics
PubMed: 24476510
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2318-14-12 -
Nursing Open Oct 2023This study aimed to develop the nurses' Work Values Scale (WVS) to determine how important certain values are for nurses and to psychometrically test the scale.
AIM
This study aimed to develop the nurses' Work Values Scale (WVS) to determine how important certain values are for nurses and to psychometrically test the scale.
DESIGN
Instrument development and validation study.
METHOD
A two-phase scale development process comprising item generation, scale improvement and psychometric property evaluation was used. In the first phase, scale items were identified. In the second phase, item and exploratory factor analyses were performed in Study 1, and confirmatory factor analysis, validity verification and reliability verification of the nurses' WVS were performed in Study 2.
RESULTS
As a result of the analysis, a scale of 30 items with four subdomains was developed. In convergent validity and reliability verification, it was shown that the nurses' WVS has acceptable validity and reliability.
NO PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION
Patients or members of the public were not involved in this study.
Topics: Humans; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Nurses
PubMed: 37518936
DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1950 -
Journal of Patient-reported Outcomes Mar 2023The EuroQol Group has developed an extended version of the EQ-5D-Y-3L with five response levels for each of its five dimensions (EQ-5D-Y-5L). The psychometric...
OBJECTIVES
The EuroQol Group has developed an extended version of the EQ-5D-Y-3L with five response levels for each of its five dimensions (EQ-5D-Y-5L). The psychometric performance has been reported in several studies for the EQ-5D-Y-3L but not for the EQ-5D-Y-5L. This study aimed to psychometrically evaluate the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L Chichewa (Malawi) versions.
METHODS
The EQ-5D-Y-3L, EQ-5D-Y-5L and PedsQL™ 4.0 Chichewa versions were administered to children and adolescents aged 8-17 years in Blantyre, Malawi. Both of the EQ-5D-Y versions were evaluated for missing data, floor/ceiling effects, and validity (convergent, discriminant, known-group and empirical).
RESULTS
A total of 289 participants (95 healthy, and 194 chronic and acute) self-completed the questionnaires. There was little problem with missing data (< 5%) except in children aged 8-12 years particularly for the EQ-5D-Y-5L. Ceiling effects was generally reduced in moving from the EQ-5D-Y-3L to the EQ-5D-Y-5L. For both EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L, convergent validity tested with PedsQL™ 4.0 was found to be satisfactory (correlation ≥ 0.4) at scale level but mixed at dimension /sub-scale level. There was evidence of discriminant validity (p > 0.05) with respect to gender and age, but not for school grade (p < 0.05). For empirical validity, the EQ-5D-Y-5L was 31-91% less efficient than the EQ-5D-Y-3L at detecting differences in health status using external measures.
CONCLUSIONS
Both versions of the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L had issues with missing data in younger children. Convergent validity, discriminant validity with respect to gender and age, and known-group validity of either measures were also met for use among children and adolescents in this population, although with some limitations (discriminant validity by grade and empirical validity). The EQ-5D-Y-3L seems particularly suited for use in younger children (8-12 years) and the EQ-5D-Y-5L in adolescents (13-17 years). However, further psychometric testing is required for test re-test reliability and responsiveness that could not be carried out in this study due to COVID-19 restrictions.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Child; Quality of Life; Psychometrics; Malawi; Reproducibility of Results; COVID-19; Health Status
PubMed: 36892714
DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00560-4 -
Headache Jan 2020The short-form Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) is a widely used patient-reported outcome measure that assesses the negative effects of headaches on normal activity. It was... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The short-form Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) is a widely used patient-reported outcome measure that assesses the negative effects of headaches on normal activity. It was developed using the general headache population and prior to the establishment of the now well-accepted FDA patient-reported guidance.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this narrative review was to examine existing qualitative research in patients with migraine and headache, providing insight into the relevance and meaningfulness of HIT-6 items to the lives of migraine patients.
METHODS
Articles were identified through database searches (National Library of Medicine and Google Scholar) and review of reference lists of candidate articles.
RESULTS
A total of 3227 articles were identified through database and hand searching. Of these, 12 contained patient- or expert-generated qualitative information regarding headache patients' experience (8 specific to migraine [episodic and chronic] patients and 4 citing general headache patients). The combined publications described a total of 283 patient interviews. Overarching themes and specific information were identified that provide support of the relevance of content for each HIT-6 item to migraine patients' lives. Identified effects of headaches on patients with migraine included limitations in daily activities, needing to lie down during headaches, feeling tired, being irritated by headaches, difficulty concentrating, and the experience of pain. Further, previous research specific to the HIT-6 indicated that patients understood the instructions, items, and response scales as intended by the instrument authors.
CONCLUSIONS
This narrative literature review demonstrates qualitative research support for the relevance of the items of the HIT-6 in migraine patients, supporting its ongoing use in clinical migraine research and practice.
Topics: Humans; Migraine Disorders; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Psychometrics; Qualitative Research; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 31811654
DOI: 10.1111/head.13701 -
BMC Health Services Research May 2023Using a validated instrument to measure palliative care (PC) educational needs of health professionals is an important step in understanding how best to educate a...
BACKGROUND
Using a validated instrument to measure palliative care (PC) educational needs of health professionals is an important step in understanding how best to educate a well-versed PC workforce within a national health system. The End-of-life Professional Caregiver Survey (EPCS) was developed to measure U.S. interprofessional PC educational needs and has been validated for use in Brazil and China. As part of a larger research project, this study aimed to culturally adapt and psychometrically test the EPCS among physicians, nurses, and social workers practicing in Jamaica.
METHODS
Face validation involved expert review of the EPCS with recommendations for linguistic item modifications. Content validation was carried out by six Jamaica-based experts who completed a formal content validity index (CVI) for each EPCS item to ascertain relevancy. Health professionals practicing in Jamaica (n = 180) were recruited using convenience and snowball sampling to complete the updated 25-item EPCS (EPCS-J). Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach's [Formula: see text] coefficient and McDonald's [Formula: see text]. Construct validity was examined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA).
RESULTS
Content validation led to elimination of three EPCS items based on a CVI < 0.78. Cronbach's [Formula: see text] ranged from 0.83 to 0.91 and McDonald's [Formula: see text] ranged from 0.73 to 0.85 across EPCS-J subscales indicating good internal consistency reliability. The corrected item-total correlation for each EPCS-J item was > 0.30 suggesting good reliability. The CFA demonstrated a three-factor model with acceptable fit indices (RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.88, SRMR = 0.06). The EFA determined a three-factor model had the best model fit, with four items moved into the effective patient care subscale from the other two EPCS-J subscales based on factor loading.
CONCLUSIONS
The psychometric properties of the EPCS-J resulted in acceptable levels of reliability and validity indicating that this instrument is suitable for use in measuring interprofessional PC educational needs in Jamaica.
Topics: Humans; Caregivers; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Jamaica; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37193983
DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09497-2 -
PloS One 2023Research and clinical interest in self-compassion has grown due to its associations with physical and mental health benefits. Widely used measures of self-compassion...
Research and clinical interest in self-compassion has grown due to its associations with physical and mental health benefits. Widely used measures of self-compassion have conceptual and psychometric limitations that warrant attention. The purpose of this project was to develop a new self-compassion measure, the Brief Self-Compassion Inventory (BSCI), and test its psychometric properties. We developed items for the BSCI based on theory, prior research, and expert and cancer patient feedback. The BSCI was then tested with adults diagnosed with breast, gastrointestinal, lung, or prostate cancer (N = 404). Confirmatory factor analysis suggested a unidimensional structure, and internal consistency reliability was excellent. Construct validity of the BSCI was established through its correlations with psychological variables hypothesized to be related to self-compassion, such as mindfulness, acceptance of cancer, and other coping strategies. Furthermore, measurement invariance testing of the BSCI indicated that it could be used across patients of varying genders, cancer types, and stages of illness. In conclusion, the 5-item BSCI was determined to be psychometrically sound and suitable for use with adults of varying genders, cancer types, and stages of disease. The measure warrants testing with other medical and nonclinical populations.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Self-Compassion; Reproducibility of Results; Psychometrics; Prostatic Neoplasms; Adaptation, Psychological; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37172068
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285658 -
Behavior Genetics Jul 2016The Wilson-Patterson conservatism scale was psychometrically evaluated using homogeneity analysis and item response theory models. Results showed that this scale...
The Wilson-Patterson conservatism scale was psychometrically evaluated using homogeneity analysis and item response theory models. Results showed that this scale actually measures two different aspects in people: on the one hand people vary in their agreement with either conservative or liberal catch-phrases and on the other hand people vary in their use of the "?" response category of the scale. A 9-item subscale was constructed, consisting of items that seemed to measure liberalism, and this subscale was subsequently used in a biometric analysis including genotype-environment interaction, correcting for non-homogeneous measurement error. Biometric results showed significant genetic and shared environmental influences, and significant genotype-environment interaction effects, suggesting that individuals with a genetic predisposition for conservatism show more non-shared variance but less shared variance than individuals with a genetic predisposition for liberalism.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Culture; Humans; Middle Aged; Models, Genetic; Politics; Psychometrics; Young Adult
PubMed: 26590135
DOI: 10.1007/s10519-015-9768-9 -
Schizophrenia Bulletin Jan 2021Negative symptoms are a critical, but poorly understood, aspect of schizophrenia. Measurement of negative symptoms primarily relies on clinician ratings, an endeavor...
Negative symptoms are a critical, but poorly understood, aspect of schizophrenia. Measurement of negative symptoms primarily relies on clinician ratings, an endeavor with established reliability and validity. There have been increasing attempts to digitally phenotype negative symptoms using objective biobehavioral technologies, eg, using computerized analysis of vocal, speech, facial, hand and other behaviors. Surprisingly, biobehavioral technologies and clinician ratings are only modestly inter-related, and findings from individual studies often do not replicate or are counterintuitive. In this article, we document and evaluate this lack of convergence in 4 case studies, in an archival dataset of 877 audio/video samples, and in the extant literature. We then explain this divergence in terms of "resolution"-a critical psychometric property in biomedical, engineering, and computational sciences defined as precision in distinguishing various aspects of a signal. We demonstrate how convergence between clinical ratings and biobehavioral data can be achieved by scaling data across various resolutions. Clinical ratings reflect an indispensable tool that integrates considerable information into actionable, yet "low resolution" ordinal ratings. This allows viewing of the "forest" of negative symptoms. Unfortunately, their resolution cannot be scaled or decomposed with sufficient precision to isolate the time, setting, and nature of negative symptoms for many purposes (ie, to see the "trees"). Biobehavioral measures afford precision for understanding when, where, and why negative symptoms emerge, though much work is needed to validate them. Digital phenotyping of negative symptoms can provide unprecedented opportunities for tracking, understanding, and treating them, but requires consideration of resolution.
Topics: Behavior Rating Scale; Female; Humans; Interview, Psychological; Male; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychometrics; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 32467967
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa065 -
Clinical Interventions in Aging 2014The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) is one of the most commonly used assessment scales for assessing symptoms in people with dementia and other neurological disorders.... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) is one of the most commonly used assessment scales for assessing symptoms in people with dementia and other neurological disorders. This paper analyzes its conceptual framework, measurement mode, psychometric properties, and merits and problems.
METHOD
All articles discussing the psychometric properties and factor structure of the NPI were searched for in Medline via Ovid. The abstracts of these papers were read to determine their relevance to the purpose of this paper. If deemed appropriate, a full paper was then obtained and read.
RESULTS
The NPI has reasonably good content validity and internal consistency, and good test-retest and interrater reliability. There is limited information about its sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and, in particular, responsiveness. Merits of the NPI include being comprehensive, avoiding symptom overlap, ease of use, and flexibility. It has problems in scoring (no multiples of 5, 7, and 11) and, therefore, analysis using parametric tests may not be appropriate. The use of individual subscales also warrants further investigation.
CONCLUSION
In terms of its content and concurrent validity, intra- and interrater reliability, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency, the NPI can be considered as valid and reliable, and can be used across different ethnic groups. The tool is most likely unable to deliver as good a performance in terms of discriminating between different disorders. More studies are required to further evaluate its psychometric properties, particularly in the areas of factor structure and responsiveness. The clinical utility of the NPI also needs to be further explored.
Topics: Aged; Alzheimer Disease; Dementia; Geriatric Assessment; Humans; Neuropsychological Tests; Observer Variation; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 25031530
DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S63504 -
BMC Palliative Care Jun 2023In order to improve the provision of palliative care by nurses, it is necessary to have a tool that measures different dimensions of palliative care and the knowledge...
BACKGROUND
In order to improve the provision of palliative care by nurses, it is necessary to have a tool that measures different dimensions of palliative care and the knowledge and performance of nurses in this field. The Program in Palliative Care Education and Practice Questionnaire (German Revised) is psychometrically evaluated for the first time in Iran.
METHODS
To measure the psychometric properties, 360 nursing students (BSc, MSc, PhD) and clinical nurses completed the questionnaire. Face and content (CVR and CVI) validity were checked by quantitative and qualitative approach. Construct validity was performed with exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The total variance explained was equal to 43%; the internal consistency reported a Cronbach's alpha of more than 0.7; and the composite reliability was greater than 0.7.
RESULTS
After conducting construct validity and factor analysis, four factors (Knowledge and skill of managing patients' pain and symptoms, management of ethical and psychological issues in patients, communicating with patients and their families & management of patients' exposure to grief and attitudes towards death) were extracted. The total variance was equal to (%43) and coefficients of internal consistency were estimated more than 0.7. Also composite reliability was evaluated greater than 0.7.
CONCLUSION
Persian version of the Program in Palliative Care Education and Practice Questionnaire (German Revised Version; PPCEP-GR) is a valid and reliable questionnaire that can be used to measure the knowledge and performance of nurses and nursing graduates in the field of palliative care.
Topics: Humans; Psychometrics; Palliative Care; Reproducibility of Results; Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 37353756
DOI: 10.1186/s12904-023-01196-3