-
Journal of Korean Medical Science Jan 2017We investigated relationships between outdoor air pollution and pterygium in Korean adults. This study includes 23,276 adults in population-based cross-sectional data...
We investigated relationships between outdoor air pollution and pterygium in Korean adults. This study includes 23,276 adults in population-based cross-sectional data using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2008-2011. Pterygium was assessed using slit lamp biomicroscopy. Air pollution data (humidity, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm [PM₁₀], ozone [O₃], nitrogen dioxide [NO₂], and sulfur dioxide levels [SO₂]) for 2 years preceding the ocular examinations were acquired. Associations of multiple air pollutants with pterygium or pterygium recurrence after surgery were examined using multivariate logistic models, after adjusting for several covariates. Distributed lag models were additionally used for estimating cumulative effects of air pollution on pterygium. None of air pollution factors was significantly associated with pterygium or pterygium recurrence (each P > 0.05). Distributed lag models also showed that air pollution factors were not associated with pterygium or pterygium recurrence in 0-to-2 year lags (each P > 0.05). However, primary pterygium showed a weak association with PM10 after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio [OR] 1.23; [per 5 μg/m³ PM₁₀ increase]; P = 0.023). Aging, male sex, and greater sun exposure were associated with pterygium, while higher education level and myopia were negatively associated with pterygium (each P ≤ 0.001). Male sex and myopia were negatively associated with pterygium recurrence (each P < 0.05). In conclusion, exposure to higher PM10 levels was associated with primary pterygium, although this study observed no significant association between air pollution and overall pterygium or pterygium recurrence in Korean adults.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Humidity; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Myopia; Nitrogen Dioxide; Nutrition Surveys; Odds Ratio; Ozone; Particulate Matter; Pterygium; Recurrence; Republic of Korea; Sex Factors; Sulfur Dioxide; Young Adult
PubMed: 27914144
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.1.143 -
Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics &... Mar 2012Fetal akinesia deformation sequence is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by a variable combination of arthrogryposis, fetal akinesia,... (Review)
Review
Fetal akinesia deformation sequence is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by a variable combination of arthrogryposis, fetal akinesia, intrauterine growth restriction, developmental abnormalities such as cystic hygroma, pulmonary hypoplasia, cleft palate, cryptorchidism, cardiac defects and intestinal malrotation, and occasional pterygia of the limbs. Multiple pterygium syndrome is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by pterygia of the neck, elbows and/or knees, arthrogryposis, and other phenotypic features such as short stature, genital abnormalities, craniofacial abnormalities, clubfoot, kyphoscoliosis, and cardiac abnormalities. Fetal akinesia deformation sequence may phenotypically overlap with the lethal type of multiple pterygium syndrome. This article provides a comprehensive review of prenatal diagnosis and genetic analysis of fetal akinesia deformation sequence and multiple pterygium syndrome associated with neuromuscular junction disorders. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal akinesia along with cystic hygroma, increased nuchal translucency, nuchal edema, hydrops fetalis, arthrogryposis, pterygia, and other structural abnormalities should include a differential diagnosis of neuromuscular junction disorders. Genetic analysis of mutations in the neuromuscular junction genes such as CHRNA1, CHRND, CHRNG, CNTN1, DOK7, RAPSN, and SYNE1 may unveil the pathogenetic cause of fetal akinesia deformation sequence and multiple pterygium syndrome, and the information acquired is helpful for genetic counseling and clinical management.
Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Arthrogryposis; Female; Genetic Testing; Humans; Malignant Hyperthermia; Neuromuscular Junction Diseases; Pregnancy; Pterygium; Skin Abnormalities; Ultrasonography, Prenatal
PubMed: 22482962
DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2012.01.004 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2021This study evaluated human papillomavirus's (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
This study evaluated human papillomavirus's (HPV) role in pterygium pathogenesis, its autoinoculation from genitalia to ocular surface, potential cytokines involved, and crosstalk cytokines between pterygium and dry eye (DE). This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 healthy controls (HCs) and 116 pterygium patients. Four subgroups of pterygium and DE were used in cytokine evaluations. Conjunctival and pterygium swabs and first-void urine samples (i.e., genitalia samples) were collected for HPV DNA detection using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Tear cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-18, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tears were evaluated. No HPV DNA was detected in conjunctival or pterygium swabs. No association was found between HPV DNA in urine samples and that from conjunctival or pterygium swabs. Tear VEGF levels were significantly higher in pterygium patients than in HCs, with no markedly different levels between primary and recurrent pterygia. Tear IL-6, IL-18, and tear VEGF were significantly higher in participants with DE, regardless of pterygium status. In conclusion, HPV infection was not a pathogenic factor of pterygia. The hypothesis of HPV transmitting from the genitals to ocular surfaces was nullified. Tear VEGF was involved in both pterygia and DE, whereas tear IL-6 and IL-18 played roles only in DE.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alphapapillomavirus; Conjunctiva; Cross-Sectional Studies; DNA, Viral; Dry Eye Syndromes; Female; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Interleukin-18; Interleukin-6; Male; Middle Aged; Papillomavirus Infections; Pterygium; Tears; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
PubMed: 33531557
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82114-6 -
International Journal of Oncology May 2019Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated as a primary cause of lesions in the anogenital region, skin, oropharynx and respiratory tract. Additionally,... (Review)
Review
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been implicated as a primary cause of lesions in the anogenital region, skin, oropharynx and respiratory tract. Additionally, the role of HPV in the pathogenesis of ocular surface disease has also been extensively studied. Conjunctival papilloma development has been strongly associated with the HPV infection of certain subtypes. On the other hand, the role of HPV in conjunctival pterygium, conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) remains controversial. Genetic predisposition and environmental factor is important in HPV hosts as regards the pathogenesis of ocular surface disease. Several studies have indicate a synergic role of HPV with ultraviolet radiation in pterygium establishment. A higher recurrence risk rate and more aggressive disease of ophthalmic pterygium is observed in cases of HPV infection. The purpose of this review was to provide a systematic review of the literature and to assist in a better understanding of the role of HPV in ocular surface disease.
Topics: Carcinoma in Situ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Conjunctiva; Conjunctival Neoplasms; Eye Neoplasms; Humans; Papillomavirus Infections; Pterygium
PubMed: 30896784
DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4755 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2016Pterygium is characterized by the thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva and the invasion of the cornea from the sclerocorneal limbus to the central portion of the cornea....
Pterygium is characterized by the thickening of the bulbar conjunctiva and the invasion of the cornea from the sclerocorneal limbus to the central portion of the cornea. Pterygium produces corneal deformation, which extends toward the central portion of the cornea. The visual disorders depend on the corneal extent. The treatment goal is the removal of the corneal and conjunctival portion of the pterygium and the coverage of the resulting conjunctival defect. The association of the pterygium surgical excision was assessed with conjunctival autograft. For this purpose, a retrospective study was performed on 68 patients and was extended over 7 years (2009-2015). Patients with recurrent pterygium were excluded. The time for corneal re-epithelization and for the pain and photophobia disappearance was followed. The incidence of recurrence was also observed. Pain levels were assessed by using a 10-point visual analog linear scale (VAS). The mean time for ocular pain and photophobia disappearance was of 48 hours. The mean pain score was 3.38 at 24 hours after surgery. Corneal re-epithelialization was achieved in 60 hours after surgery. Recurrence occurred in 6 patients. It was concluded that pterygium surgical excision with conjunctival autograft is effective in pterygium surgery.
Topics: Adult; Autografts; Conjunctiva; Epithelium, Corneal; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; Pterygium; Re-Epithelialization; Retrospective Studies; Transplantation, Autologous; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29450343
DOI: No ID Found -
BMJ Open Ophthalmology Nov 2022To investigate the tolerability, security and long-term efficacy of lyophilized amniotic membrane (LAM) as an alternative to cryopreserved amniotic membrane in pterygium...
PURPOSE
To investigate the tolerability, security and long-term efficacy of lyophilized amniotic membrane (LAM) as an alternative to cryopreserved amniotic membrane in pterygium surgery.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Prospective case series of patients with primary nasal pterygium who undergone pterygium surgery and LAM implant either with sutures or glue. Postoperative follow-up was until month 24. Clinical and cosmetic outcomes, quality of life (as ocular comfort), and complications were evaluated.
RESULTS
LAM was stiff and easy to manipulate as well as no tearing occurred during surgery or suturing. 4 patients (3 males) had pterygium surgery and LAM implant two with sutures and the other two with glue. Ocular comfort was checked and similar among those patients with LAM glued or sutured. After 24 months, there were no issues about tolerability or adverse events. Lower cosmetic outcomes (recurrence) were stated in 3 patients.
CONCLUSION
Our study showed that LAM could be an effective alternative to cryopreserved amniotic membrane for graft after pterygium excision surgery. Its main advantage, storage at room temperature, can make it of immediate availability. Further studies comparing clinical outcomes of pterygium surgery with cryopreserved amniotic membrane versus LAM would confirm the benefits of the last.
Topics: Male; Humans; Pterygium; Fibrin Tissue Adhesive; Amnion; Quality of Life; Recurrence
PubMed: 37282688
DOI: 10.1136/bmjophth-2022-EEBA.38 -
The British Journal of Ophthalmology Aug 1957
Topics: Child; Humans; Infant; Pterygium
PubMed: 13446361
DOI: 10.1136/bjo.41.8.502 -
PloS One 2017Pterygium is a common chronic ophthalmic condition, which may result in significant visual morbidity or lead to blindness in extreme cases. The prevalence of pterygium... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Pterygium is a common chronic ophthalmic condition, which may result in significant visual morbidity or lead to blindness in extreme cases. The prevalence of pterygium in China has not been reported at the sub-national level.
METHODS
In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of pterygium in China. China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database (CBM-SinoMed), PubMed, Embase and Medline were searched before September 2016. We performed a multilevel mixed-effect meta-regression based on the included studies, our results showed that age, gender and latitude were significantly associated with pterygium prevalence. Based on the final model, the age and gender-specific prevalence of pterygium in 31 Chinese provinces (except Hongkong, Macau and Taiwan) and the whole country was generated.
RESULTS
In 2010, the overall prevalence of pterygium in Chinese people aged 15-84 years was 9.84% (95% CI: 6.72-14.14), and the number of pterygium cases in China was 108.65 million (95% CI: 74.23-156.13).
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the prevalence of pterygium in Chinese population in 2010 was estimated at both the national and provincial levels. The higher burden of pterygium across the country calls for efforts to advocate public health education encouraging people to take appropriate protective measures.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Asian People; China; Female; Geography; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Prevalence; Pterygium; Regression Analysis; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 28355301
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174587 -
International Journal of... 2012Human pterygium is made up of chronic proliferative fibro-vascular tissue growing on the ocular surface. This disease exhibits both degenerative and hyperplastic... (Review)
Review
Human pterygium is made up of chronic proliferative fibro-vascular tissue growing on the ocular surface. This disease exhibits both degenerative and hyperplastic properties. Some fibroangiogenic factors have recently been shown to play a potential role in fibrovascular diseases via the angiogenesis process. The aim of this study is to evaluate VEGF, TGF-β and PGE₂ expression in the epithelial, endothelial and stromal cells of human pterygium and normal conjunctiva in order to determine whether these factors participate in the development of pterygium. Ten specimens from patients with pterygium and two normal conjunctivas (cadavers) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using specific antibodies against these growth factors. The technique used was ABC/HRP (Avidin complexed with biotinylated peroxidase). Immunoreactivity of VEGF was significantly increased in the epithelium, vascular endothelium and stromal cells in primary pterygium as compared with normal conjunctiva. A moderate expression of TGF-β in the pterygium was observed in the epithelial and stromal layers. On the contrary, immunolabeling of this growth factor in the human normal conjunctiva was weak. PGE₂ was strongly expressed in the epithelium of patients with pterygium, as in control conjunctival tissues, and the immunolabeling was moderate in the stroma from the same patients. Our results suggest that these growth factors may contribute to the progression of primary pterygium by increasing angiogenesis, thus leading to the formation of new blood vessels from the pre-existing vasculature. We conclude that VEGF, TGF-β and PGE₂ may be potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of this disease although proof of this evidence requires further studies.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Conjunctiva; Dinoprostone; Endothelial Cells; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Middle Aged; Pterygium; Stromal Cells; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
PubMed: 23058011
DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500307 -
Translational Vision Science &... Jul 2021To study the in vitro effect of vitamin D3 on the healing response of human Tenon's fibroblasts (HTF) and its possible role in preventing excessive postoperative...
PURPOSE
To study the in vitro effect of vitamin D3 on the healing response of human Tenon's fibroblasts (HTF) and its possible role in preventing excessive postoperative subconjunctival fibrosis.
METHODS
Effect of vitamin D3 on cytotoxicity and cell survival of primary cultured HTF was measured by lactate dehydrogenase and PrestoBlue assays, respectively. Proliferation and migration of vitamin D3-treated HTF (D3-HTF) was determined by CyQUANT proliferation and scratch assay, respectively. The mRNA expression profiles of control-HTF and D3-HTF from six subjects (three with glaucoma and long-term use of topical medications, three with primary pterygium) were assessed by RNA sequencing analyses to identify potential biomarkers for the inhibitory effect on HTF by vitamin D3. Validation of these biomarkers and their potential pathways were performed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) detection.
RESULTS
Pure monolayers of HTF from controls (retinal detachment or squint surgeries), pterygium, and glaucoma subjects were successfully prepared and passaged. Proliferation and migration of pterygium and glaucoma HTF were inhibited by vitamin D3 in a dose-dependent manner, and without cytotoxicity or decrease in cellular viability with concentrations up to 10 µM. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with the transcriptome analyses, vitamin D3 appears to enhance CYP24A1, SHE, KRT16 but suppresses CILP expression in HTF.
CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin D3 can inhibit the in vitro activity of HTF without compromising cellular survivability at concentration up to 10 µM. This has potential clinical application for improving the outcome of pterygium and filtering surgeries.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
Vitamin D3 can suppress the in vitro proliferation, migration, and transdifferentiation of human Tenon's fibroblasts, without the cytotoxicity of mitomycin-C, the current standard antifibrotic agent in clinical use.
Topics: Cells, Cultured; Cholecalciferol; Fibroblasts; Humans; Mitomycin; Pterygium
PubMed: 34251424
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.8.7