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Evidence-based Complementary and... 2022Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of human lives for communication, education, and entertainment activities. This study aims to evaluate the diversity...
Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of human lives for communication, education, and entertainment activities. This study aims to evaluate the diversity pattern of bacterial contaminants on mobiles and to check antibiotic resistance profiles in 105 samples. The study revealed a contamination of 51% in men and 49% in women, the highest in the 21- to 30-year age group, evidencing the extreme use of mobiles by teenagers. The study observed Gram-negative bacteria (63%) versus Gram-positive bacteria (37%). Overall, Gram-negative bacterial isolates showed the highest sensitivity to antibiotic nitrofurantoin (90%) and the lowest in ampicillin (35%). Gram positive has highest incidence of sensitivity towards tigecycline (100%) and lowest in cefoxitin (20%). ESL producers were found to be 21.0% and highest being in (35%) followed by (31%). have been identified on the mobile phones for the very first time. Interestingly, some soil microbes were also isolated and unfortunately found to have some antibiotic resistance like and . The results revealed that mobiles were contaminated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, and this study also showed that few of the saprophytic soil strains have antibiotic resistance, which can be an alarming situation that needs to be addressed.
PubMed: 35668788
DOI: 10.1155/2022/1527488 -
Microorganisms Oct 2023is an bacterium that can infect both humans and animals, while luteolin-7-O-glucoside (IOG) is a flavonoid that has broad effects on the intestinal microbiota of...
Effects of Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside on Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis and Drug Resistance Transmission Caused by B1645-1: Modulating the Composition of Intestinal Microbiota and Promoting the Transfer of Gene from Genus to in Mice.
is an bacterium that can infect both humans and animals, while luteolin-7-O-glucoside (IOG) is a flavonoid that has broad effects on the intestinal microbiota of healthy animals. However, current studies lack sufficient data on intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and drug resistance transmission caused by and the possible role of IOG. In this study, BALB/c mice were infected with carrying gene and treated with IOG (3 mg/kg·d and 6 mg/kg·d) to analyze the diversity of intestinal microbiota and the transfer of between bacteria. The findings indicated that B1645-1 exhibited a significant ability to enhance the / ratio and increase the relative abundance of and after 48 h, where as 6 mg/kg·d IOG had an opposite effect. Moreover, B1645-1 facilitated the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and promoted gene transfer in , , , , , , and . was the predominant genus at 48 h. Surprisingly, 6 mg/kg·d IOG significantly inhibited the production of drug-resistant bacteria and promoted gene transfer from to at 144 h. However, the role of as a recipient for drug-resistant genes should be of more concern.
PubMed: 37894135
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102477 -
Iranian Journal of Biotechnology Oct 2022Nanoparticles can be chemically, physically, or biologically synthesized. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing microbes is a promising process due to...
BACKGROUND
Nanoparticles can be chemically, physically, or biologically synthesized. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilizing microbes is a promising process due to the low toxicity and high stability of AgNPs. Here, AgNPs were fabricated by Gram-negative .
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to assess the ability of to produce nanoparticles (NPs) and evaluate their antibacterial potential against multidrug-resistant pathogens (MDR). Additionally, the study aimed to compare the antibacterial activity of biosynthesized nanoparticles to well-known conventional antibiotics Azithromycin and Tetracycline.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
AgNPs were characterized using visual observation, UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The TEM and SEM were used to determine the size and shape of the nanoparticles. The XRD data were recorded in the 2θ ranging from 20-80° to analyze the crystalline structure of nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity was detected using a 96-well microtiter plate.
RESULTS
The UV-vis absorption recorded from the 300 - 900 nm spectrum was well defined at 420 nm, and the XRD pattern was compatible with Braggs's reflection of the silver nanocrystals. FTIR showed absorbance bands corresponding to different functional groups. TEM and SEM images showed non-uniform spherical and AgNPs of 10-80 nm. XRD data confirmed that the resultant particles are AgNPs. The AgNPs showed effective activity against multi-drug resistant (MDR) , sp., sp., , sp., , and . The AgNPs demonstrated effectiveness in lower concentrations compared to broad-spectrum antibiotics.
CONCLUSION
These data reveal that AgNP generated by was more efficient against MDR microorganisms than commercial antibiotics. However, the cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles must be further studied.
PubMed: 38344316
DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2022.298773.3121 -
Cureus Oct 2023We present a case of () infection that resulted in community-acquired pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient with an eight-week history of productive cough. This...
We present a case of () infection that resulted in community-acquired pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient with an eight-week history of productive cough. This gram-negative bacterium is typically found in the environment and has the potential to infect humans. infections in humans have been recorded in several case reports from throughout the world in recent years, usually affecting immunocompromised patients. Although is sensitive to most antibiotic groups, recent studies have revealed an increase in the infrequent acquisition of resistance genes in , such as carbapenem resistance, making this pathogen a potential emergent threat. Our patient acquired pneumonia in the absence of any underlying risk factors, making this the first case in the UK of causing community-acquired pneumonia in an immunocompetent person.
PubMed: 38021927
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47188 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Jul 2002Histamine fish poisoning is caused by histamine-producing bacteria (HPB). Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca are the best-known HPB in fish. However, 22...
Histamine fish poisoning is caused by histamine-producing bacteria (HPB). Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca are the best-known HPB in fish. However, 22 strains of HPB from fish first identified as K. pneumoniae or K. oxytoca by commercialized systems were later correctly identified as Raoultella planticola (formerly Klebsiella planticola) by additional tests. Similarly, five strains of Raoultella ornithinolytica (formerly Klebsiella ornithinolytica) were isolated from fish as new HPB. R. planticola and R. ornithinolytica strains were equal in their histamine-producing capabilities and were determined to possess the hdc genes, encoding histidine decarboxylase. On the other hand, a collection of 61 strains of K. pneumoniae and 18 strains of K. oxytoca produced no histamine.
Topics: Animals; Blotting, Southern; Enterobacteriaceae; Feces; Fishes; Histamine; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction
PubMed: 12089029
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.7.3462-3466.2002 -
Cureus Mar 2024The case presentation discusses the clinical evaluation and treatment of a two-year-old female exhibiting symptoms such as dysuria, constipation, and foul-smelling...
The case presentation discusses the clinical evaluation and treatment of a two-year-old female exhibiting symptoms such as dysuria, constipation, and foul-smelling urine. Upon evaluation, the patient was found to be co-infected with Raoultella planticola and Escherichia coli. This co-infection poses unique challenges in diagnosis and treatment, as both pathogens may contribute to the manifestation of symptoms. The initial diagnosis of Raoultella planticola is notable, given its relatively rare occurrence and the potential for misdiagnosis. This case study contributes to our understanding of diagnosing and distinguishing symptoms at various stages of the illness, particularly in cases of co-infection. Following an initial urinalysis and urine culture confirming the presence of both pathogens, a 10-day course of antibiotics was prescribed. Subsequent examinations at Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego included kidney and abdomen imaging to rule out underlying issues. The co-infection underscores the importance of thorough diagnostic procedures and tailored treatment approaches. Additionally, it highlights the need for heightened awareness among healthcare providers regarding emerging pathogens and their potential clinical implications.
PubMed: 38686243
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57262 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021Accumulative evidence suggests that gut microbiota play an important role in bone remodeling and hence bone health maintenance. This study aimed to explore the...
OBJECTIVE
Accumulative evidence suggests that gut microbiota play an important role in bone remodeling and hence bone health maintenance. This study aimed to explore the association of gut microbiota with the risk of osteoporosis and to identify potential disease-related taxa, which may be promising targets in osteoporosis prevention and treatment in the future.
METHODS
Absolute quantification 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was used to detect absolute and relative abundances of gut microbiota in 44 patients with osteoporosis and 64 controls. In combination with one of our previous studies, a total of 175 samples were involved in the relative abundance analysis.
RESULTS
Compared with the controls, the patients with osteoporosis had higher absolute and relative abundances of Bacteroidetes phylum, and and genera. The absolute abundances of , , , and genera increased, and that of the genus decreased in the osteoporosis group. As for relative abundance, that of the and genera increased, whereas that of the genus decreased in the osteoporosis group. Controlling for potential confounders, the associations of , , and genera with the risk of osteoporosis did not maintain significance. Ridge regression analysis suggested that is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and T-score at lumbar spines, and is associated with increased BMD at the femoral neck. Functional predictions revealed that 10 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were enriched in the osteoporosis group.
CONCLUSIONS
Gut microbiota compositions may contribute to the risk of osteoporosis. Several specific taxa and functional pathways are identified to associate with reduced bone density, thus providing epidemiologic evidence for the potential role of aberrant gut microbiota in osteoporosis pathogenesis.
Topics: Aged; China; Clostridiales; Feces; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Osteoporosis; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 33996619
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.630372 -
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology :... Jun 2022The genus Raoultella spp. is comprised of four species, namely, R. electrica, R. ornithinolytica, R. planticola, and R. terrigena, which are rarely reported to cause...
The genus Raoultella spp. is comprised of four species, namely, R. electrica, R. ornithinolytica, R. planticola, and R. terrigena, which are rarely reported to cause infections in humans. This study aimed to characterize six strains of Raoultella spp. isolated from stool samples from patients with diarrhea. The strains included in the study were previously identified by biochemical methods as K. pneumoniae, during a surveillance study conducted in 1987. In the present study, the strains were re-identified by MALDI TOF and 16S rRNA sequencing and subsequently subjected to virulence gene screening by PCR, hemolytic activity, biofilm formation, hypermucoviscosity phenotype, capacity to interact with Caco-2 cells, and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Our results revealed that, among the six strains, three were identified as R. ornithinolytica and three as R. planticola. The genes related to iron uptake systems (aero1, aero2, iutA, entB, and ybtS) and adhesin (mrkD) were found in all strains. Furthermore, all strains demonstrated the ability to interact in vitro with Caco-2 cells and form biofilms. In general, the strains studied were sensitive to the antimicrobials tested; however, it was possible to observe high MICs for imipenem compared to ertapenem and meropenem and high minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ceftazidime, except for one strain. Our results show the occurrence of virulent strains of Raoultella spp. with high MICs for imipenem and ceftazidime causing diarrhea. We hope that our findings can contribute to the understanding of the evolution of this species since, as far as we know, these are the oldest isolates reported so far.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Caco-2 Cells; Ceftazidime; Diarrhea; Enterobacteriaceae; Humans; Imipenem; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
PubMed: 35138632
DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00699-0 -
Microorganisms Mar 2022Although (nasturtium) is an agriculturally and economically important plant, especially due to the presence of edible flowers and its medicinal properties, its...
Although (nasturtium) is an agriculturally and economically important plant, especially due to the presence of edible flowers and its medicinal properties, its microbiome is quite unexplored. Here, the structure of the total bacterial community associated with the rhizosphere, endosphere and bulk soil of was determined by 16S rRNA amplicon metagenomic sequencing. A decrease in diversity and richness from bulk soil to the rhizosphere and from the rhizosphere to the endosphere was observed in the alpha diversity analyses. The phylum Proteobacteria was the most dominant in the bacteriome of the three sites evaluated, whereas the genera and showed a significantly higher relative abundance in the rhizosphere and endosphere communities, respectively. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (236 PGPB) were also isolated from the endosphere, and 76 strains belonging to 11 different genera, mostly , and , showed positive results for at least four out of six plant growth-promoting tests performed. The selection of PGPB associated with can result in the development of a biofertilizer with activity against phytopathogens and capable of favoring the development of this important plant.
PubMed: 35336212
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030638 -
Microorganisms Nov 2021spp. is a relevant pathogen that can present acquired resistance to almost all available antibiotics, thus representing a serious threat for public health. While most...
spp. is a relevant pathogen that can present acquired resistance to almost all available antibiotics, thus representing a serious threat for public health. While most studies have been focused on isolates causing community-acquired and nosocomial infections, little is known about the commensal isolates colonizing healthy subjects. We describe the molecular identification and the phenotypic characterization of commensal spp. from breast milk of healthy women and faeces from healthy breast-fed infants, which were compared with isolates from community-acquired infections and from a nosocomial NICU outbreak. The phylogenetic analysis of a 454-bp sequence of the gene was useful for species identification (, , , , , , and ), previously misidentified as or by biochemical methods. Globally, we report that commensal strains present virulence traits (virulence genes, siderophores and biofilms) comparable to community-acquired and NICU-infective isolates, thus suggesting that the human microbiota could constitute a reservoir for infection. Isolates causing NICU outbreak were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and ESBLs producers, although an imipenem-resistant commensal MDR isolate was also found. A commensal strain showed a potent bacteriocin-like inhibitory activity against MDR isolates, thus highlighting the potential role of commensal spp. in health and disease.
PubMed: 34835469
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112344