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International Journal of Cancer Jan 2013Saracatinib, a highly selective, dual Src/Abl kinase inhibitor, is currently in a Phase II clinical trial for the treatment of ovarian cancer. In our study, we...
Saracatinib, a highly selective, dual Src/Abl kinase inhibitor, is currently in a Phase II clinical trial for the treatment of ovarian cancer. In our study, we investigated the effect of saracatinib on the reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR) induced by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that saracatinib significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of ABCB1 substrate drugs in ABCB1 overexpressing HeLa/v200, MCF-7/adr and HEK293/ABCB1 cells, an effect that was stronger than that of gefitinib, whereas it had no effect on the cytotoxicity of the substrates in ABCC1 overexpressing HL-60/adr cells and its parental sensitive cells. Additionally, saracatinib significantly increased the doxorubicin (Dox) and Rho 123 accumulation in HeLa/v200 and MCF-7/adr cells, whereas it had no effect on HeLa and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, saracatinib stimulated the ATPase activity and inhibited photolabeling of ABCB1 with [(125)I]-iodoarylazidoprazosin in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the homology modeling predicted the binding conformation of saracatinib within the large hydrophobic drug-binding cavity of human ABCB1. However, neither the expression level of ABCB1 nor the phosphorylation level of Akt was altered at the reversal concentrations of saracatinib. Importantly, saracatinib significantly enhanced the effect of paclitaxel against ABCB1-overexpressing HeLa/v200 cancer cell xenografts in nude mice. In conclusion, saracatinib reverses ABCB1-mediated MDR in vitro and in vivo by directly inhibiting ABCB1 transport function, without altering ABCB1 expression or AKT phosphorylation. These findings may be helpful to attenuate the effect of MDR by combining saracatinib with other chemotherapeutic drugs in the clinic.
Topics: ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; Adenosine Triphosphatases; Animals; Benzodioxoles; Cell Line, Tumor; Doxorubicin; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Enzyme Inhibitors; Gefitinib; HEK293 Cells; HL-60 Cells; HeLa Cells; Humans; MCF-7 Cells; Mice; Mice, Nude; Paclitaxel; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Quinazolines; rho-Associated Kinases
PubMed: 22623106
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27649 -
Biomedicines Sep 2020Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare heritable disorder of connective tissues characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification in... (Review)
Review
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare heritable disorder of connective tissues characterized by progressive heterotopic ossification in various skeletal sites. It is caused by gain-of-function mutations in the gene encoding activin A receptor type I ()/activin-like kinase 2 (), a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor. Heterotopic ossification is usually progressive leading to severe deformities in the trunk and extremities. Early clinical diagnosis is important to prevent unnecessary iatrogenic harm or trauma. Clinicians should become aware of early detectable skeletal malformations, including great toe deformities, shortened thumb, neck stiffness associated with hypertrophy of the posterior elements of the cervical spine, multiple ossification centers in the calcaneus, and osteochondroma-like lesions of the long bones. Although there is presently no definitive medical treatment to prevent, stop or reverse heterotopic ossification in FOP, exciting advances of novel pharmacological drugs focusing on target inhibition of the activated receptor, including palovarotene, REGN 2477, rapamycin, and saracatinib, have developed and are currently in clinical trials.
PubMed: 32887348
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090325 -
Nature Cardiovascular Research Jun 2023The development of new immunotherapies to treat the inflammatory mechanisms that sustain atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is urgently needed. Herein, we...
The development of new immunotherapies to treat the inflammatory mechanisms that sustain atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is urgently needed. Herein, we present a path to drug repurposing to identify immunotherapies for ASCVD. The integration of time-of-flight mass cytometry and RNA sequencing identified unique inflammatory signatures in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with ASCVD plasma. By comparing these inflammatory signatures to large-scale gene expression data from the LINCS L1000 dataset, we identified drugs that could reverse this inflammatory response. Ex vivo screens, using human samples, showed that saracatinib-a phase 2a-ready SRC and ABL inhibitor-reversed the inflammatory responses induced by ASCVD plasma. In Apoe mice, saracatinib reduced atherosclerosis progression by reprogramming reparative macrophages. In a rabbit model of advanced atherosclerosis, saracatinib reduced plaque inflammation measured by [F] fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging. Here we show a systems immunology-driven drug repurposing with a preclinical validation strategy to aid the development of cardiovascular immunotherapies.
PubMed: 37771373
DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00278-y -
Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy Nov 2009Elevated Src kinase activity is linked to the progression of solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Src regulates HNSCC proliferation and...
Elevated Src kinase activity is linked to the progression of solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Src regulates HNSCC proliferation and tumor invasion, with the Src-targeted small molecule inhibitor saracatinib displaying potent anti-invasive effects in preclinical studies. However, the pro-invasive cellular mechanism(s) perturbed by saracatinib are unclear. The anti-proliferative and anti-invasive effects of saracatinib on HNSCC cell lines were therefore investigated in pre-clinical cell and mouse model systems. Saracatinib treatment inhibited growth, cell cycle progression and transwell Matrigel invasion in HNSCC cell lines. Dose-dependent decreases in Src activation and phosphorylation of the invasion-associated substrates focal adhesion kinase, p130 CAS and cortactin were also observed. While saracatinib did not significantly impact HNSCC tumor growth in a mouse orthotopic model of tongue squamous cell carcinoma, impaired perineural invasion and cervical lymph node metastasis was observed. Accordingly, saracatinib treatment displayed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on invadopodia formation, extracellular matrix degradation and matrix metalloprotease 9 activation. These results suggest that inhibition of Src kinase by saracatinib impairs the pro-invasive activity of HNSCC by inhibiting Src substrate phosphorylation important for invadopodia formation and associated matrix metalloprotease activity.
PubMed: 20505783
DOI: 10.4172/1948-5956.1000009 -
Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) Aug 2010The SRC family kinases are the largest family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases and one of the best-studied targets for cancer therapy. SRC, arguably the oldest oncogene,... (Review)
Review
The SRC family kinases are the largest family of nonreceptor tyrosine kinases and one of the best-studied targets for cancer therapy. SRC, arguably the oldest oncogene, has been implicated in pathways regulating proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and bone metabolism. More recently, researchers have proposed that the transforming ability of SRC is linked to its ability to activate key signaling molecules in these pathways, rather than through direct activity. It has been hypothesized that blocking SRC activation may inhibit these pathways, resulting in antitumor activity. However, successfully targeting SRC in a clinical setting remains a challenge, and SRC inhibitors have only recently begun to move through clinical development. Preclinical studies have identified specific molecular "subgroups" and histologies that may be more sensitive to SRC inhibition. In addition, other studies have demonstrated synergistic interactions between SRC inhibitors and other targeted therapies and cytotoxics. In this review, we summarize SRC biology and how it has been applied to the clinical development of SRC inhibitors. The status of SRC inhibitors, including dasatinib, saracatinib, and bosutinib, which are in phase 1, 2, and 3 trials, is highlighted.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biomedical Research; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Models, Biological; Neoplasms; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Science; src-Family Kinases
PubMed: 20689754
DOI: 10.1593/neo.10328 -
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Nov 2023Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and debilitating lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of the lungs. The cause of IPF is unknown, but... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and debilitating lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of the lungs. The cause of IPF is unknown, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. There is no cure for IPF, and treatment is focused on slowing disease progression and relieving symptoms.
AIMS
We aimed in this review to investigate and provide the latest insights into IPF management modalities, including the potential of Saracatinibas a substitute for current IPF drugs. We also investigated the therapeutic potential of Sotatercept in addressing pulmonary hypertension associated with IPF.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive literature review of relevant studies on IPF management. We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of science.
RESULTS
The two Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs for IPF, Pirfenidone, and Nintedanib, have been pivotal in slowing disease progression, yet experimental evidence suggests that Saracatinib surpasses their efficacy. Preclinical trials investigating the potential of Saracatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, have shown to be more effective than current IPF drugs in slowing disease progression in preclinical studies. Also, Sotatercept,a fusion protein, has been shown to reduce pulmonary vascular resistance and improve exercise tolerance in patients with PH associated with IPF in clinical trials.
CONCLUSIONS
The advancements discussed in this review hold the promise of improving the quality of life for IPF patients and enhancing our understanding of this condition. There remains a need for further research to confirm the efficacy and safety of new IPF treatments and to develop more effective strategies for managing exacerbations.
Topics: United States; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Quality of Life; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis; Disease Progression
PubMed: 38018591
DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1079 -
Neural Plasticity 2016Alzheimer's disease (AD) currently presents one of the biggest healthcare issues in the developed countries. There is no effective treatment capable of slowing down... (Review)
Review
Alzheimer's disease (AD) currently presents one of the biggest healthcare issues in the developed countries. There is no effective treatment capable of slowing down disease progression. In recent years the main focus of research on novel pharmacotherapies was based on the amyloidogenic hypothesis of AD, which posits that the beta amyloid (Aβ) peptide is chiefly responsible for cognitive impairment and neuronal death. The goal of such treatments is (a) to reduce Aβ production through the inhibition of β and γ secretase enzymes and (b) to promote dissolution of existing cerebral Aβ plaques. However, this approach has proven to be only modestly effective. Recent studies suggest an alternative strategy centred on the inhibition of the downstream Aβ signalling, particularly at the synapse. Aβ oligomers may cause aberrant N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation postsynaptically by forming complexes with the cell-surface prion protein (PrPC). PrPC is enriched at the neuronal postsynaptic density, where it interacts with Fyn tyrosine kinase. Fyn activation occurs when Aβ is bound to PrPC-Fyn complex. Fyn causes tyrosine phosphorylation of the NR2B subunit of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). Fyn kinase blockers masitinib and saracatinib have proven to be efficacious in treating AD symptoms in experimental mouse models of the disease.
Topics: Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Benzamides; Benzodioxoles; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Mice; Neurons; Piperidines; PrPC Proteins; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; Pyridines; Quinazolines; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Receptors, Serotonin; Synapses; Thiazoles
PubMed: 26881137
DOI: 10.1155/2016/8501693 -
Cell Death & Disease Feb 2020Recent studies suggest that Src family kinase (SFK) plays important roles in systemic sclerosis and pulmonary fibrosis. However, how SFKs contributed to the pathogenesis...
Recent studies suggest that Src family kinase (SFK) plays important roles in systemic sclerosis and pulmonary fibrosis. However, how SFKs contributed to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of Fyn, a member of SFK, in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and liver fibrosis, and evaluated the anti-fibrotic effects of Saracatinib, a clinically proven safe Fyn inhibitor. Fyn activation was examined in human normal and fibrotic liver tissues. The roles of Fyn in HSC activation and liver fibrosis were evaluated in HSC cell lines by using Fyn siRNA and in Fyn knockout mice. The effects of Saracatinib on HSC activation and liver fibrosis were determined in primary HSCs and CCl induced liver fibrosis model. We showed that the Fyn was activated in the liver of human fibrosis patients. TGF-β induced the activation of Fyn in HSC cell lines. Knockdown of Fyn significantly blocked HSC activation, proliferation, and migration. Fyn deficient mice were resistant to CCl induced liver fibrosis. Saracatinib treatment abolished the activation of Fyn, downregulated the Fyn/FAK/N-WASP signaling in HSCs, and subsequently prevented the activation of HSCs. Saracatinib treatment significantly reduced the severity liver fibrosis induced by CCl in mice. In conclusions, our findings supported the critical role of Fyn in HSC activation and development of liver fibrosis. Fyn could serve as a promising drug target for liver fibrosis treatment. Fyn inhibitor Saracatinib significantly inhibited HSC activation and attenuated liver fibrosis in mouse model.
Topics: Animals; Benzodioxoles; Carbon Tetrachloride; Case-Control Studies; Cell Line; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Hepatic Stellate Cells; Humans; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fyn; Quinazolines; Rats; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 32051399
DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2229-2 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2015To investigate the effect of different concentrations of inhibitors rapamycin, saracatinib, linsitinib and JNJ-38877605 on PC-3 cells with CCK-8 assay, respectively....
To investigate the effect of different concentrations of inhibitors rapamycin, saracatinib, linsitinib and JNJ-38877605 on PC-3 cells with CCK-8 assay, respectively. PC-3 cells were incubated with different concentrations of rapamycin, saracatinib, linsitinib and JNJ-38877605, respectively, for 48 h at 37°C, the concentrations of rapamycin were 5 nM, 10 nM, 20 nM, 50 nM, 75 nM, 100 nM; Saracatinib: 0.125 nM, 0.25 nM, 0.5 nM, 1 nM, 2.5 nM, 5 nM; Linsitinib: 2 nM, 5 nM, 10 nM, 20 nM, 40 nM, 60 nM; JNJ-38877605: 0.125 nM, 0.5 nM, 1 nM, 2.5 nM, 5 nM, 10 nM. The proliferation of PC-3 cells was examined by CCK-8. Different concentrations of inhibitor rapamycin remarkably inhibited PC-3 cell proliferation after 48 h (P<0.05), inhibitory action did not change significantly from 5 nM-100 nM; different concentrations of saracatinib, linsitinib and JNJ-38877605 did not inhibit PC-3 cell proliferation after 48 h. Rapamycin treatment at low concentration can inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 cells, while saracatinib, linsitinib and JNJ-38877605 do not inhibit PC-3 cell proliferation.
PubMed: 26131286
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Respiratory and... Dec 2022
Topics: Humans; Pulmonary Fibrosis; src-Family Kinases; Quinazolines; Benzodioxoles; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents
PubMed: 36018567
DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202207-1437ED