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Medicina 2023
Topics: Humans; Actinomycetaceae; Carcinoma
PubMed: 37094213
DOI: No ID Found -
Cureus Jan 2023We report the case of a male in his early 70s who developed a deep infection after an open rotator cuff repair, with as the only organism isolated from a surgical...
We report the case of a male in his early 70s who developed a deep infection after an open rotator cuff repair, with as the only organism isolated from a surgical biopsy of the tendon remnants and phlegmatic/purulent material at the failed repair site. This species was originally within the genus . We report this case because it is the only one that we could locate where an infected open rotator cuff repair site grew . Our patient was not diabetic, did not smoke, and did not have other recent or concurrent infections. He had hypertension, hypothyroidism, depression, and a hyperactive bladder. Hence, he only had minor risk factors for infection. His postoperative shoulder infection was eradicated with surgical irrigation and debridement, and 6.5 weeks of primarily oral antibiotic treatment. We also review the literature on infections after any shoulder surgery where or species were isolated.
PubMed: 36852356
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34242 -
BMC Urology Feb 2022Fournier's gangrene (FG), a urological emergency with high mortality, is an infectious necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal and genital regions. The majority of FG is...
BACKGROUND
Fournier's gangrene (FG), a urological emergency with high mortality, is an infectious necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal and genital regions. The majority of FG is caused by polymicrobial organisms involving mixed aerobes and anaerobes but rarely reveals Actinomyces species.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a healthy 67-year-old Asian male who presented with rapidly progressive painful swelling of the scrotum. Clinically diagnosed with FG, the patient underwent an emergency radical debridement, followed by broad-spectrum antibiotics and negative pressure wound therapy. The identification of the causative microorganisms showed Actinomyces turicensis and the antibiotic treatment was adjusted accordingly. After wound bed preparation, we took split-thickness skin grafts to cover the scrotal wound. Active management to minimize faecal contamination was applied throughout the whole course of treatment and repair. The patient was satisfied with the outcome. This was an extremely rare case of A. turicensis as the main causative pathogen of FG.
CONCLUSIONS
FG due to Actinomyces species is rarely reported, but we should still consider this pathogenic microorganism that has long been neglected.
Topics: Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Debridement; Fournier Gangrene; Humans; Male; Scrotum
PubMed: 35197026
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-00975-z -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Dec 2021Schaalia turicensis, a Gram-positive bacillus, is a potential pathogen in genital infections. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of S. turicensis strain CT001,...
Schaalia turicensis, a Gram-positive bacillus, is a potential pathogen in genital infections. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of S. turicensis strain CT001, which was coisolated with Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of a composite transposon carrying an imperfect class 1 integron in S. turicensis.
PubMed: 34913715
DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00836-21 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jan 2024Actinomyces turicensis is rarely responsible of clinically relevant infections in human. Infection is often misdiagnosed as malignancy, tuberculosis, or nocardiosis,...
BACKGROUND
Actinomyces turicensis is rarely responsible of clinically relevant infections in human. Infection is often misdiagnosed as malignancy, tuberculosis, or nocardiosis, therefore delaying the correct identification and treatment. Here we report a case of a 55-year-old immunocompetent adult with brain abscess caused by A. turicensis. A systematic review of A. turicensis infections was performed.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov and Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technology in Health (CADTH) were searched for all relevant literature.
RESULTS
Search identified 47 eligible records, for a total of 67 patients. A. turicensis infection was most frequently reported in the anogenital area (n = 21), causing acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) including Fournier's gangrene (n = 12), pulmonary infections (n = 8), gynecological infections (n = 6), cervicofacial district infections (n = 5), intrabdominal or breast infections (n = 8), urinary tract infections (n = 3), vertebral column infections (n = 2) central nervous system infections (n = 2), endocarditis (n = 1). Infections were mostly presenting as abscesses (n = 36), with or without concomitant bacteremia (n = 7). Fever and local signs of inflammation were present in over 60% of the cases. Treatment usually involved surgical drainage followed by antibiotic therapy (n = 51). Antimicrobial treatments most frequently included amoxicillin (+clavulanate), ampicillin/sulbactam, metronidazole or cephalosporins. Eighty-nine percent of the patients underwent a full recovery. Two fatal cases were reported.
CONCLUSIONS
To the best of our knowledge, we hereby present the first case of a brain abscess caused by A. turicensis and P. mirabilis. Brain involvement by A. turicensis is rare and may result from hematogenous spread or by dissemination of a contiguous infection. The infection might be difficult to diagnose and therefore treatment may be delayed. Nevertheless, the pathogen is often readily treatable. Diagnosis of actinomycosis is challenging and requires prompt microbiological identification. Surgical excision and drainage and antibiotic treatment usually allow for full recovery.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Middle Aged; Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain Abscess; Canada
PubMed: 38245682
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-08995-w -
BMJ Case Reports Dec 2019Our case report describes a patient with a common presenting complaint yet an uncommon infection. Our patient presented with a fluctuant breast mass diagnosed as a...
Our case report describes a patient with a common presenting complaint yet an uncommon infection. Our patient presented with a fluctuant breast mass diagnosed as a breast abscess. An aspirate sample was sent for culture and sensitivities, which revealed the presence of and the anaerobe She was therefore prescribed several weeks of amoxicillin and metronidazole, and made a full recovery. There are only three case reports describing as a causative organism for breast abscess, one of which had also occurred in our department. One case also showed the additional presence of Our findings reveal a growing need for increasing clinician awareness of and the importance of aspirate sample culture and sensitivity.
Topics: Abscess; Actinomycetaceae; Adult; Amoxicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Breast Diseases; Female; Firmicutes; Humans; Metronidazole
PubMed: 31796455
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-231194 -
PloS One 2022Over the last two decades, the incidence of gestational diabetes (GDM) has almost doubled resulting in almost 9% of pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. Occurring more...
Association between microbial composition, diversity, and function of the maternal gastrointestinal microbiome with impaired glucose tolerance on the glucose challenge test.
Over the last two decades, the incidence of gestational diabetes (GDM) has almost doubled resulting in almost 9% of pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. Occurring more frequently than GDM is impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), also known as pre-diabetes, but it has been understudied during pregnancy resulting in a lack of clinical recommendations of maternal and fetal surveillance. The purpose of this retrospective, cross-sectional study was to examine the association between microbial diversity and function of the maternal microbiome with IGT while adjusting for confounding variables. We hypothesized that reduced maternal microbial diversity and increased gene abundance for insulin resistance function will be associated with IGT as defined by a value greater than 140 mg/dL on the glucose challenge test. In the examination of microbial composition between women with IGT and those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), we found five taxa which were significantly different. Taxa higher in participants with impaired glucose tolerance were Ruminococcacea (p = 0.01), Schaalia turicensis (p<0.05), Oscillibacter (p = 0.03), Oscillospiraceae (p = 0.02), and Methanobrevibacter smithii (p = 0.04). When we further compare participants who have IGT by their pre-gravid BMI, five taxa are significantly different between the BMI groups, Enterobacteriaceae, Dialister micraerophilus, Campylobacter ureolyticus, Proteobacteria, Streptococcus Unclassified (species). All four metrics including the Shannon (p<0.00), Simpson (p<0.00), Inverse Simpson (p = 0.04), and Chao1 (p = 0.04), showed a significant difference in alpha diversity with increased values in the impaired glucose tolerance group. Our study highlights the important gastrointestinal microbiome changes in women with IGT during pregnancy. Understanding the role of the microbiome in regulating glucose tolerance during pregnancy helps clinicians and researchers to understand the importance of IGT as a marker for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Female; Pregnancy; Humans; Glucose Intolerance; Blood Glucose; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Retrospective Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes, Gestational; Glucose
PubMed: 36584051
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271261 -
Anaerobe Oct 2021A 42-year-old man was referred to the Department of Orthopedic Surgery with pain over his right greater trochanter and signs of systemic infection. CT showed an enhanced...
A 42-year-old man was referred to the Department of Orthopedic Surgery with pain over his right greater trochanter and signs of systemic infection. CT showed an enhanced mass in his gluteus maximus as well as gas in the biceps femoris over the underlying hip joint. Tissue biopsy yielded Fusobacterium nucleatum and Actinomyces turicensis. The patient was successfully treated for 6 weeks with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 875mg/125mg and metronidazole 500mg.
Topics: Abscess; Actinomycetaceae; Actinomycetales Infections; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; COVID-19; Fusobacterium Infections; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Hip; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Male; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 34314865
DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2021.102420 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Skin abscess is one of the most common infections of the skin and soft tissues. However, anaerobic bacteria are infrequently identified as the causative agents of this...
Skin abscess is one of the most common infections of the skin and soft tissues. However, anaerobic bacteria are infrequently identified as the causative agents of this particular form of abscess. In this case, a 34-year-old pregnant woman was diagnosed with a skin abscess with the use of ultrasonography. The microbiological analysis results of the purulent fluid revealed the coinfection of and . The patient was first treated empirically with 3 days of cefathiamidine, which resulted in no symptom improvement. Subsequently, a surgical procedure involving incision and draining was performed, with the administration of ceftriaxone. After 7 days of antibiotic intervention, the patient exhibited a satisfactory recovery. Clinicians need to be aware of other types of infections that might be attributed to and , in addition to urinary tract infections.
Topics: Female; Humans; Adult; Abscess; Coinfection; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Actinomycetaceae
PubMed: 38601737
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1378197 -
IUBMB Life Mar 2019The typical F-type lectin domain (FLD) has an L-fucose-binding motif [HX(26)RXDX(4)R/K] with conserved basic residues that mediate hydrogen bonding with alpha-L-fucose....
Effect of naturally occurring variations of the F-type lectin sequence motif on glycan binding: studies on F-type lectin domains with typical and atypical sequence motifs.
The typical F-type lectin domain (FLD) has an L-fucose-binding motif [HX(26)RXDX(4)R/K] with conserved basic residues that mediate hydrogen bonding with alpha-L-fucose. About one-third of the nonredundant FLD sequences in the publicly available databases are "atypical"; they have motifs with substitutions of these critical residues and/or variations in motif length. We addressed the question if atypical FLDs with substitutions of the critical residues retain lectin activity by performing site-directed mutagenesis and assessing the glycan-binding functions of typical and atypical FLDs. Site directed mutagenesis of an L-fucose-binding FLD from Streptosporangium roseum indicated that the critical His residue could be replaced by Ser and the second Arg by Lys without complete loss of lectin activity. Mutagenesis of His to other naturally substituting residues and mutagenesis of the first Arg to the naturally substituting residues, Lys, Ile, Ser, or Cys, resulted in loss of lectin activity. Glycan binding analysis and site-directed mutagenesis of atypical FLDs from Actinomyces turicensis, and Saccharomonospora cyanea confirmed that Ser and Thr can assume the L-fucose-binding role of the critical His, and further suggested that the residue in this position is dispensable in certain FLDs. We identified, by sequence and structural analysis of atypical FLDs, a Glu residue in the complementarity determining region, CDR5 that compensates for a lack of the critical His or other appropriate polar residue in this position. We propose that FLDs lacking a typical FLD sequence motif might nevertheless retain lectin activity through the recruitment of other strategically positioned polar residues in the CDR loops. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(3):385-397, 2019.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Actinomycetaceae; Amino Acid Motifs; Binding Sites; Cloning, Molecular; Erythrocytes; Escherichia coli; Fucose; Gene Expression; Genetic Vectors; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Lectins; Models, Molecular; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Polysaccharides; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical; Protein Conformation, beta-Strand; Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; Recombinant Proteins; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
PubMed: 30566276
DOI: 10.1002/iub.1994