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F1000Research 2020Multidisciplinary investigations into the pathogenesis of acne have significantly progressed over the past three years. Studies of the etiology of acne from the... (Review)
Review
Multidisciplinary investigations into the pathogenesis of acne have significantly progressed over the past three years. Studies of the etiology of acne from the perspectives, for example, of sebaceous gland biology, sebum, genetics, keratinization, differentiation, hair cycles, immunology, bacteriology, and wound healing have elucidated its pathogenesis. This has led to the development of new therapies and paved the way for advanced studies that will enable the further evolution of acne treatment.
Topics: Acne Vulgaris; Cell Differentiation; Humans; Sebaceous Glands; Sebum
PubMed: 32765835
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25588.1 -
Developmental Cell Jun 2022Stem cell renewal and differentiation are regulated by interactions with the niche. Although multiple cell populations have been identified in distinct anatomical...
Stem cell renewal and differentiation are regulated by interactions with the niche. Although multiple cell populations have been identified in distinct anatomical compartments, little is known about niche-specific molecular factors. Using skin as a model system and combining single-cell RNA-seq data analysis, immunofluorescence, and transgenic mouse models, we show that the transmembrane protein embigin is specifically expressed in the sebaceous gland and that the number of embigin-expressing cells is negatively regulated by Wnt. The loss of embigin promotes exit from the progenitor compartment and progression toward differentiation, and also compromises lipid metabolism. Embigin modulates sebaceous niche architecture by affecting extracellular matrix organization and basolateral targeting of monocarboxylate transport. We discover through ligand screening that embigin is a direct fibronectin receptor, binding to the N-terminal fibronectin domain without impairing integrin function. Our results solve the long-standing question of how embigin regulates cell adhesion and demonstrate a mechanism that couples adhesion and metabolism.
Topics: Animals; Cell Adhesion; Cell Differentiation; Fibronectins; Integrin alpha5beta1; Integrin beta1; Integrins; Mice; Sebaceous Glands
PubMed: 35671757
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.05.011 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2022Symbiotic microbes can affect host behavior and fitness. Gut microbiota have received the most study, with less attention to other important microbial communities like...
Symbiotic microbes can affect host behavior and fitness. Gut microbiota have received the most study, with less attention to other important microbial communities like those of scent-producing glands such as mammalian anal glands and the avian uropygial gland. However, mounting evidence suggests that microbes inhabiting scent-producing glands play an important role in animal behavior by contributing to variation in chemical signals. Free-living and captive conditions typically differ in social environment, food diversity and availability, disease exposure, and other factors-all of which can translate into differences in gut microbiota. However, whether extrinsic factors such as captivity alter microbial communities in scent glands remains an open question. We compared the uropygial gland microbiota of free-living and captive song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) and tested for an effect of dietary manipulations on the gland microbiota of captive birds. As predicted, the uropygial gland microbiota was significantly different between free-living and captive birds. Surprisingly, microbial diversity was higher in captive than free-living birds, and we found no effect of dietary treatments on captive bird microbiota. Identifying the specific factors responsible for microbial differences among groups and determining whether changes in symbiotic microbiota alter behavior and fitness are important next steps in this field.
Topics: Animals; Scent Glands; Songbirds; Microbiota; Symbiosis; Sebaceous Glands; Passeriformes; Mammals
PubMed: 36316352
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22425-4 -
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology Oct 2012The important role of epidermal appendages especially the sebaceous gland has only recently been recognized. In particular, it has been convincingly shown that normal... (Review)
Review
The important role of epidermal appendages especially the sebaceous gland has only recently been recognized. In particular, it has been convincingly shown that normal development and maintenance of the sebaceous gland are required for skin homeostasis since atrophic sebaceous glands and disturbances in sebaceous lipid composition result in major defects of the physiological barrier and maintenance of the skin. Consequently, it is important to unravel the signaling network controlling proper sebaceous lineage differentiation in mammalian skin and to understand the underlying mechanisms leading to severe skin diseases, including abnormal proliferation and differentiation of the gland, defects of the lipid metabolism and barrier, as well as sebaceous tumor formation. Over the last years, results from transgenic and knock out mouse models manipulating distinct signaling pathways in the skin as well as the detailed analysis of human sebaceous gland-derived cell lines provided new insights into crucial mediators balancing proliferation and differentiation of the sebaceous gland. Here, we discuss our current knowledge of in vivo mechanisms of sebaceous gland development, maintenance and disorders and highlight recent contributions to the field of sebaceous gland biology.
Topics: Animals; Homeostasis; Humans; Sebaceous Glands; Signal Transduction; Skin Diseases; Transcription, Genetic
PubMed: 22960253
DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2012.08.010 -
The American Journal of Pathology Nov 2022Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of aging. Changes in sebaceous gland (SG) function and sebum production have been reported during aging. This study...
Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of aging. Changes in sebaceous gland (SG) function and sebum production have been reported during aging. This study shows the direct effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on SG morphology and function. A mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depleter mouse was used as a model for introducing mitochondrial dysfunction in the whole animal. The effects on skin SGs and modified SGs of the eyelid, lip, clitoral, and preputial glands were characterized. The mtDNA depleter mice showed gross morphologic and histopathologic changes in SGs associated with increased infiltration by mast cells, neutrophils, and polarized macrophages. Consistently, there was increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines. The inflammatory changes were associated with abnormal sebocyte accumulation of lipid, defective sebum delivery at the skin surface, and the up-regulation of key lipogenesis-regulating genes and androgen receptor. The mtDNA depleter mice expressed aging-associated senescent marker. Increased sebocyte proliferation and aberrant expression of stem cell markers were observed. These studies provide, for the first time, a causal link between mitochondrial dysfunction and abnormal sebocyte function within sebaceous and modified SGs throughout the whole body of the animal. They suggest that mtDNA depleter mouse may serve as a novel tool to develop targeted therapeutics to address SG disorders in aging humans.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Sebaceous Glands; Skin; Mitochondria; Aging; DNA, Mitochondrial
PubMed: 35948081
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.07.006 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2018
Topics: Eyelid Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; Sebaceous Glands
PubMed: 30127131
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1370_18 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,...
Topics: Aged; Facial Dermatoses; Facies; Humans; Hyperplasia; Male; Sebaceous Glands; Skin Diseases, Genetic
PubMed: 32068196
DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.IJDVL_983_18 -
Pharmaceutical Research Feb 1995The hair follicle, hair shaft, and sebaceous gland collectively form what is recognized as the pilosebaceous unit. This complex, three-dimensional structure within the... (Review)
Review
The hair follicle, hair shaft, and sebaceous gland collectively form what is recognized as the pilosebaceous unit. This complex, three-dimensional structure within the skin possesses a unique biochemistry, metabolism and immunology. Recent studies have focused on the hair follicle as a potential pathway for both localized and systemic drug delivery. Greater understanding of the structure and function of the hair follicle may facilitate rational design of drug formulations to target follicular delivery. Targeted drug delivery may enhance current therapeutic approaches to treating diseases of follicular origin. Presented here is a review of follicular drug delivery and a discussion of the feasibility of the pilosebaceous unit as a target site.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Animals; Hair; Humans; Sebaceous Glands; Skin Absorption
PubMed: 7784330
DOI: 10.1023/a:1016250422596 -
Eye (London, England) Sep 2020To evaluate the incidence and management of recurrent periocular sebaceous gland carcinoma at a tertiary ocular oncology service in the United Kingdom.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the incidence and management of recurrent periocular sebaceous gland carcinoma at a tertiary ocular oncology service in the United Kingdom.
METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study of 62 patients with sebaceous gland carcinoma treated between 2004 and 2017. A total of 10 eyes were treated for local recurrence. The following variables were recorded: age and sex of patient; tumour location, histological subtype; recurrence type; treatment and outcome.
RESULTS
Of the 62 cases with eyelid SGC, 10 (16%) had recurrences during the study period and satisfied inclusion criteria. There were six (60%) females and four males in the recurrent group. The mean time interval between initial excision and tumour recurrence was 37 months (median 23 months; range 4 to 84 months). Four patients received cryotherapy to the lids and conjunctiva to control recurrent disease and two patients were treated with topical or intralesional chemotherapy. Four patients (40%) underwent orbital exenteration during the study period. Metastasis occurred in 20% over a mean follow-up of 113 months (median 106; range 47-184 months).
CONCLUSIONS
The risk factors for local recurrence of SGC after wide excision with paraffin section control were reported, and an approach to these recurrent lesions was proposed. The results of this study will help guide surgeons dealing with the medical and surgical conundrum of recurrent disease. The risk of recurrence is highest in the first 2 years after initial excision.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Eyelid Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Retrospective Studies; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Sebaceous Glands; United Kingdom
PubMed: 31896805
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0756-9 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Feb 2006Malignant cutaneous adnexal neoplasms are one of the most challenging areas of dermatopathology. Tumors of the pilosebaceous apparatus can occur as single-lineage... (Review)
Review
Malignant cutaneous adnexal neoplasms are one of the most challenging areas of dermatopathology. Tumors of the pilosebaceous apparatus can occur as single-lineage neoplasms or may manifest as complex proliferations with multilineal differentiation patterns including not only the germinative component of the hair bulb, the inner or outer root sheath epithelium and the sebaceous gland and duct, but also the sweat duct components that relate to the apocrine secretory apparatus which empties into the follicle near the follicular bulge. Eccrine and apocrine neoplasms present a bewildering array of morphologies, which often defy precise classification. The purpose of this review is to discuss in detail the malignant neoplasms of the cutaneous adnexae and their benign and prognostically indeterminate mimics.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mucin-1; Sebaceous Glands; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 16446719
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800511