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Revista Medica de Chile Apr 2017Sedentary behavior is a main risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Sedentary behavior is a main risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality.
AIM
To investigate the association between sedentary behavior and metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We assessed 322 participants aged between 18 to 65 years. Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured with accelerometers (Actigraph®). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, percentage of body fat, diet and blood markers (glucose, lipid profile, insulin and HOMA-IR) were measured with standardized protocols.
RESULTS
Thirty four percent of participants were physically inactive and spent on average 8.7 h/day on sedentary activities. Per one hour increase in sedentary behavior there were significant adverse changes in glucose (4.79 mg/dl), insulin (2.73 pmol/l), HOMA-IR (0.75), BMI (0.69 kg/m²), waist circumference (1.95 cm), fat mass (1.03%), total cholesterol (9.73 mg/dl), HDL-cholesterol (-3.50 mg/dl), LDL-cholesterol (10.7 mg/dl) and triglycerides (12.4 mg/dl). These findings were independent of main confounding factors including total physical activity, dietary factors, BMI and socio-demographics.
CONCLUSIONS
The detrimental effect of sedentary behaviors on cardiometabolic and obesity-related traits is independent of physical activity levels. Therefore, reducing sedentary time should be targeted in the population apart from increasing their physical activity levels.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adult; Aged; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Risk Factors; Sedentary Behavior; Waist Circumference; Young Adult
PubMed: 28748993
DOI: 10.4067/S0034-98872017000400006 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2021Current lifestyles are marked by sedentary behaviour; thus, it is of great importance for policymaking to have valid and reliable tools to measure sedentary behaviour in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Current lifestyles are marked by sedentary behaviour; thus, it is of great importance for policymaking to have valid and reliable tools to measure sedentary behaviour in order to combat it. Therefore, the aim of this review and meta-analysis is to critically review, assess, and compile the reliability, criterion validity, and construct validity of the single-item sedentary behaviour questions within national language versions of most commonly used international physical activity questionnaires for adults in the European Union: The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. A total of 1749 records were screened, 287 full-text papers were read, and 14 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results and quality of studies were evaluated by the Quality Assessment of Physical Activity Questionnaires checklist. Meta-analysis indicated moderate to high reliability (r = 0.59) and concurrent validity (r = 0.55) of national language versions of single-item sedentary behaviour questions. Criterion validity was rather low (r = 0.23) but in concordance with previous studies. The risk of bias analysis highlighted the poor reporting of methods and results, with a total bias score of 0.42. Thus, we recommend using multi-item SB questionnaires and smart trackers for providing information on SB rather than single-item sedentary behaviour questions in physical activity questionnaires.
Topics: European Union; Exercise; Reproducibility of Results; Sedentary Behavior; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 33926123
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094602 -
Circulation Sep 2018This scientific statement is about sedentary behavior and its relationship to obesity and other cardiometabolic outcomes in youth. A deleterious effect of sedentary... (Review)
Review
This scientific statement is about sedentary behavior and its relationship to obesity and other cardiometabolic outcomes in youth. A deleterious effect of sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic health is most notable for screen-based behaviors and adiposity; however, this relation is less apparent for other cardiometabolic outcomes or when sedentary time is measured with objective movement counters or position monitors. Increasing trends of screen time are concerning; the portability of screen-based devices and abundant access to unlimited programming and online content may be leading to new patterns of consumption that are exposing youth to multiple pathways harmful to cardiometabolic health. This American Heart Association scientific statement provides an updated perspective on sedentary behaviors specific to modern youth and their impact on cardiometabolic health and obesity. As we reflect on implications for practice, research, and policy, what emerges is the importance of understanding the context in which sedentary behaviors occur. There is also a need to capture the nature of sedentary behavior more accurately, both quantitatively and qualitatively, especially with respect to recreational screen-based devices. Further evidence is required to better inform public health interventions and to establish detailed quantitative guidelines on specific sedentary behaviors in youth. In the meantime, we suggest that televisions and other recreational screen-based devices be removed from bedrooms and absent during meal times. Daily device-free social interactions and outdoor play should be encouraged. In addition, parents/guardians should be supported to devise and enforce appropriate screen time regulations and to model healthy screen-based behaviors.
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Age Factors; American Heart Association; Child; Child Behavior; Child, Preschool; Exercise; Health Behavior; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Infant; Pediatric Obesity; Play and Playthings; Protective Factors; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction Behavior; Screen Time; Sedentary Behavior; Time Factors; United States
PubMed: 30354382
DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000591 -
EBioMedicine May 2024The causal associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the risk of gastrointestinal disease are unclear. We performed a Mendelian randomization...
BACKGROUND
The causal associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the risk of gastrointestinal disease are unclear. We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to examine these associations.
METHODS
Genetic instruments associated with leisure screen time (LST, an indicator of a sedentary lifestyle) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) at the genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10) level were selected from a genome-wide association study. Summary statistics for gastrointestinal diseases were obtained from the UK Biobank study, the FinnGen study, and large consortia. Multivariable MR analyses were conducted for genetically determined LST with adjustment for MVPA and vice versa. We also performed multivariable MR with adjustment for genetically proxied smoking, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, type 2 diabetes, and fasting insulin for both exposures.
FINDINGS
Genetically proxied longer LST was associated with an increased risk of gastrointestinal reflux, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticular disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, cholangitis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and acute appendicitis. Most associations remained after adjustment for genetic liability to MVPA. Genetic liability to MVPA was associated with decreased risk of gastroesophageal reflux, gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute and chronic pancreatitis. The associations attenuated albeit directionally remained after adjusting for genetically predicted LST. Multivariable MR analysis found that BMI and type 2 diabetes mediated the associations of LST and MVPA with several gastrointestinal diseases.
INTERPRETATION
The study suggests that a sedentary lifestyle may play a causal role in the development of many gastrointestinal diseases.
FUNDING
Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Zhejiang Province (LR22H260001), Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2021JJ30999), Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation (Hjärt-Lungfonden, 20210351), Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet, 2019-00977), Swedish Cancer Society (Cancerfonden), the Wellcome Trust (225790/7/22/Z), United Kingdom Research and Innovation Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00002/7) and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (NHIR203312).
Topics: Humans; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Sedentary Behavior; Exercise; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Genome-Wide Association Study; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38583262
DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105110 -
Journal of Sports Science & Medicine Sep 2019A total of 17 participants (30.2 ± 4.8 years; 35.4 ± 4 kg/m; 38.2 ± 3.6 % body fat) were enrolled in this randomized crossover trial to analyze the effects of a... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of High-Intensity Interval and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Levels in Inactive Obese Males: A Crossover Trial.
A total of 17 participants (30.2 ± 4.8 years; 35.4 ± 4 kg/m; 38.2 ± 3.6 % body fat) were enrolled in this randomized crossover trial to analyze the effects of a single session of high-intensity interval (HIIE) and moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) on the physical activity and sedentary behavior levels in inactive obese males. The participants performed two exercise sessions and one control session (no exercise): i) low-volume HIIE (10 x 60 s at 90% of maximal aerobic velocity [MAV] interspaced by 60 s at 30% of MAV); ii) MICE (20 min at 70% of maximum heart rate); and iii) control (25 min in a seated position). After all sessions, the physical activity and sedentary behavior levels were monitored by accelerometer over seven consecutive days. No differences in the physical activity (activity counts, and time spent at light, moderate, and vigorous intensities) and sedentary behavior (time spent at sedentary behavior, breaks, and bouts) levels were found among the sessions (HIIE, MICE and control) (p > 0.05). In summary, a single session of HIIE and MICE does not change the physical activity and sedentary behavior levels in inactive obese males. Therefore, low-volume of both high- and moderate-intensity exercise should be considered for inactive obese males given that it does not reduce the physical activity level or increase the time spent at sedentary behavior.
Topics: Accelerometry; Adult; Cross-Over Studies; Exercise; Fitness Trackers; High-Intensity Interval Training; Humans; Intention to Treat Analysis; Male; Obesity; Sedentary Behavior; Time Factors
PubMed: 31427859
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Aug 2019The benefits of an active lifestyle after a breast cancer diagnosis are well recognized, but the majority of survivors are insufficiently active. The ACTIVATE Trial... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized controlled trial of a wearable technology-based intervention for increasing moderate to vigorous physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior in breast cancer survivors: The ACTIVATE Trial.
BACKGROUND
The benefits of an active lifestyle after a breast cancer diagnosis are well recognized, but the majority of survivors are insufficiently active. The ACTIVATE Trial examined the efficacy of an intervention (use of the Garmin Vivofit 2 activity monitor coupled with a behavioral feedback and goal-setting session and 5 telephone-delivered health coaching sessions) to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and reduce sedentary behavior in breast cancer survivors.
METHODS
This randomized controlled trial recruited 83 inactive, postmenopausal women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer who had completed primary treatment. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group or to the control group, and the intervention was delivered over a 12-week period. MVPA and sedentary behavior were measured with Actigraph and activPAL accelerometers at baseline (T1) and at the end of the intervention (T2).
RESULTS
Retention in the trial was high, with 80 (96%) of participants completing T2 data collection. At T2, there was a significant between-group difference in MVPA (69 min/wk; 95% CI = 22-116) favoring the intervention group. The trial resulted in a statistically significant decrease in both total sitting time and prolonged bouts (≥20 min) of sitting, with between-group reductions of 37 min/d (95% CI = -72 to -2) and 42 min/d (95% CI = -83 to -2), respectively, favoring the intervention group.
CONCLUSION
Results from the ACTIVATE Trial suggest that the use of wearable technology presents an inexpensive and scalable opportunity to facilitate more active lifestyles for cancer survivors. Whether or not such wearable technology-based interventions can create sustainable behavioral change should be the subject of future research.
Topics: Aged; Breast Neoplasms; Cancer Survivors; Exercise; Exercise Movement Techniques; Female; Health Promotion; Humans; Life Style; Middle Aged; Sedentary Behavior; Telephone; Wearable Electronic Devices
PubMed: 31012970
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32143 -
Translational Behavioral Medicine Apr 2021During this time of global health crisis, physical distancing, along with mask wearing, has emerged as the sine qua non social practice to protect ourselves and others... (Review)
Review
During this time of global health crisis, physical distancing, along with mask wearing, has emerged as the sine qua non social practice to protect ourselves and others from COVID-19. But as physical distancing ensues and all eyes remain fixed on the novel coronavirus, another, albeit careworn, pandemic rages on. Physical inactivity, the world's fourth leading cause of death, may indeed be exacerbated by physical distancing measures, such as sheltering at home and closing or limiting access to recreation and exercise facilities. The purpose of this paper is to urge public health and medical professionals not to forget the importance of physical activity to whole-person health, recognize the importance of physical activity as a potential COVID-19 mitigation strategy and to serve as advocates for promoting active lifestyles. It is imperative that the national call for physical distancing not be interpreted as a call for physical inactivity.
Topics: COVID-19; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Physical Distancing; Public Health; SARS-CoV-2; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 33410492
DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibaa134 -
Diabetologia Aug 2015Sitting too much kills. Epidemiological, physiological and molecular data suggest that sedentary lifestyle can explain, in part, how modernity is associated with... (Review)
Review
Sitting too much kills. Epidemiological, physiological and molecular data suggest that sedentary lifestyle can explain, in part, how modernity is associated with obesity, more than 30 chronic diseases and conditions and high healthcare costs. Excessive sitting--sitting disease--is not innate to the human condition. People were designed to be bipedal and, before the industrial revolution, people moved substantially more throughout the day than they do presently. It is encouraging that solutions exist to reverse sitting disease. Work environments, schools, communities and cities can be re-imagined and re-invented as walking spaces, and people thereby offered more active, happier, healthier and more productive lives.
Topics: Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Exercise; Humans; Motor Activity; Obesity; Posture; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 26003325
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3624-6 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... Feb 2021The aim of this study was to highlight the differences between the cardiometabolic effects and the cardiovascular risk of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to highlight the differences between the cardiometabolic effects and the cardiovascular risk of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior.
METHODS
A narrative bibliographic review was conducted. In the research, national and international articles were selected from the PubMed, SciELO, and LILACS databases using the descriptors "sedentary lifestyle, cardiovascular risk, physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, and cardiovascular risks."
DISCUSSION
Both physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are related to metabolic and organic changes, promoting a chronic proinflammatory state, cardiac remodeling, increased body adiposity, and skeletal muscle dysfunction. It is possibly stated that both of them result in a higher risk of developing chronic diseases, resulting in higher global and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with nuances in their intrinsic effects.
CONCLUSIONS
It is inferred that both physical inactivity and sedentary behavior are cardiovascular risk factors that can be modified with the correct clinical approach. It is necessary to differentiate physically inactive individuals from those with a high number of sedentary behaviors. These concepts need better clinical applicability to improve the prevention of primary and secondary cardiovascular risks.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Exercise; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Risk Factors; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 34406261
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.67.02.20200746 -
Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) 2021To correlate CrossFit-related injuries with previous sedentary lifestyle, and to investigate other factors potentially associated with higher rates of injury among...
OBJECTIVE
To correlate CrossFit-related injuries with previous sedentary lifestyle, and to investigate other factors potentially associated with higher rates of injury among practitioners.
METHODS
A nationwide cross-sectional study involving CrossFit practitioners who received a digital questionnaire inquiring into CrossFit-related injuries, previous sedentary life, training intensity and experience, site of injury and general demographics.
RESULTS
This sample included 121 CrossFit practitioners, 34.7% of participants were sedentary prior to starting CrossFit practice, from these, 45.2% reported CrossFit-related injuries, compared to 30.4% from previously active practitioners (p=0.104). The shoulder/elbow (60.5%), lumbar spine (30.3%) and wrist/hand (16.3%) were the most common sites of injury among participants reporting CrossFit-related injuries (35.5%). Participants performing intense weight training were more prone to injuries than those practicing light or moderate weight training (p=0.043). On average, participants with a history of injury spent significantly more time training than those with no history of injury (68.4 and 61.7 minutes, respectively; p=0.044).
CONCLUSION
The incidence of CrossFit-related injuries did not differ significantly between previously sedentary and physically active participants. Intense weight training was associated with a higher incidence of injuries. The overall injury rate was 35.5%, similar to that found in previous studies, and the most common site of injury was shoulder/elbow.
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Incidence; Physical Conditioning, Human; Sedentary Behavior
PubMed: 33978099
DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021AO5941