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Current Obesity Reports Sep 2020The purpose of this review is to evaluate and emphasize important findings in the recent literature regarding the socioeconomics of obesity. It is important to evaluate... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The purpose of this review is to evaluate and emphasize important findings in the recent literature regarding the socioeconomics of obesity. It is important to evaluate trends of this global epidemic and elucidate its impact on different demographic groups and across socioeconomic strata.
RECENT FINDINGS
Obesity rates continue to increase domestically and globally which is associated with a concomitant rise in medical and economic costs. There are disparities in obesity rates based on race/ethnicity, sex, gender and sexual identity, and socioeconomic status, yet these disparities are not explained fully by health behaviors, socioeconomic position, or cumulative stress alone-community and societal environmental factors have a significant role in the obesity epidemic. Socioeconomic factors contribute to obesity on an individual and community level, and any viable approach to sustainably addressing the obesity epidemic must take these factors into account.
Topics: Female; Health Behavior; Health Status Disparities; Humans; Male; Obesity; Risk Factors; Social Class; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 32627133
DOI: 10.1007/s13679-020-00398-7 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Child; Marriage; Socioeconomic Factors; Consanguinity
PubMed: 37817682
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.23-62 -
Journal of the American College of... Jul 2019
Topics: Atherosclerosis; Fires; Humans; Smoke; Social Class; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 31345428
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.06.018 -
British Dental Journal Nov 2020
Topics: Food; Poverty; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 33247233
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-020-2448-z -
Cancer Oct 2018
Topics: Child; Ethnicity; Humans; Neoplasms; Social Class; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 30125347
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31558 -
Biology Letters May 2018The ecological dynamics of cities are influenced not only by geophysical and biological factors, but also by aspects of human society. In cities around the world, a... (Review)
Review
The ecological dynamics of cities are influenced not only by geophysical and biological factors, but also by aspects of human society. In cities around the world, a pattern of higher biodiversity in affluent neighbourhoods has been termed 'the luxury effect'. The luxury effect has been found globally regarding plant diversity and canopy or vegetative cover. Fewer studies have considered the luxury effect and animals, yet it has been recognized in the distributions of birds, bats, lizards and indoor arthropods. Higher socioeconomic status correlates with higher biodiversity resulting from many interacting factors-the creation and maintenance of green space on private and public lands, the tendency of both humans and other species to favour environmentally desirable areas, while avoiding environmental burdens, as well as enduring legacy effects. The luxury effect is amplified in arid cities and as neighbourhoods age, and reduced in tropical areas. Where the luxury effect exists, benefits of urban biodiversity are unequally distributed, particularly in low-income neighbourhoods with higher minority populations. The equal distribution of biodiversity in cities, and thus the elimination of the luxury effect, is a worthy societal goal.
Topics: Animals; Biodiversity; Cities; Ecosystem; Humans; Plants; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 29743266
DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2018.0082 -
Nature Human Behaviour Dec 2022Despite the special role of tenure-track faculty in society, training future researchers and producing scholarship that drives scientific and technological innovation,...
Despite the special role of tenure-track faculty in society, training future researchers and producing scholarship that drives scientific and technological innovation, the sociodemographic characteristics of the professoriate have never been representative of the general population. Here we systematically investigate the indicators of faculty childhood socioeconomic status and consider how they may limit efforts to diversify the professoriate. Combining national-level data on education, income and university rankings with a 2017-2020 survey of 7,204 US-based tenure-track faculty across eight disciplines in STEM, social science and the humanities, we show that faculty are up to 25 times more likely to have a parent with a Ph.D. Moreover, this rate nearly doubles at prestigious universities and is stable across the past 50 years. Our results suggest that the professoriate is, and has remained, accessible disproportionately to the socioeconomically privileged, which is likely to deeply shape their scholarship and their reproduction.
Topics: Humans; Child; Faculty; Fellowships and Scholarships; Universities; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 36038774
DOI: 10.1038/s41562-022-01425-4 -
New Directions For Child and Adolescent... Jul 2022In this chapter, we examine reading outcomes and socioeconomic status (SES) using a developmental cognitive and educational neuroscience perspective. Our focus is on... (Review)
Review
In this chapter, we examine reading outcomes and socioeconomic status (SES) using a developmental cognitive and educational neuroscience perspective. Our focus is on reading achievement and intervention outcomes for students from lower SES backgrounds who struggle with reading. Socioeconomic disadvantage is a specific type of vulnerability students experience, which is often narrowly defined based on parental income, education level, and/or occupational prestige. However, implications of socioeconomic status extend broadly to a suite of areas relevant for reading outcomes including a student's access to resources, experiences, language exposure, academic outcomes, and psychological correlates. Underlying this constellation of factors are brain systems supporting the processing of oral and written language as well as stress-related factors. We review the implications of SES and reading achievement, and their intersectionality, for the science and practice of reading instruction.
Topics: Humans; Reading; Social Class; Language; Educational Status; Brain; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 35868867
DOI: 10.1002/cad.20475 -
Journal of the American College of... Jun 2022
Topics: Anticoagulants; Humans; Income; Social Class; Social Determinants of Health; Socioeconomic Factors
PubMed: 35738712
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2022.04.028 -
Alcohol Research : Current Reviews 2016Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the many factors influencing a person's alcohol use and related outcomes. Findings have indicated that people with higher SES may... (Review)
Review
Socioeconomic status (SES) is one of the many factors influencing a person's alcohol use and related outcomes. Findings have indicated that people with higher SES may consume similar or greater amounts of alcohol compared with people with lower SES, although the latter group seems to bear a disproportionate burden of negative alcohol-related consequences. These associations are further complicated by a variety of moderating factors, such as race, ethnicity, and gender. Thus, among individuals with lower SES, members of further marginalized communities, such as racial and ethnic minorities and homeless individuals, experience greater alcohol-related consequences. Future studies are needed to more fully explore the underlying mechanisms of the relationship between SES and alcohol outcomes. This knowledge should be applied toward the development of multilevel interventions that address not only individual-level risks but also economic disparities that have precipitated and maintained a disproportionate level of alcohol-related consequences among more marginalized and vulnerable populations.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Educational Status; Employment; Ethnicity; Ill-Housed Persons; Housing; Humans; Income; Minority Groups; Poverty; Risk Factors; Social Class; Socioeconomic Factors; Unemployment; United States
PubMed: 27159815
DOI: No ID Found