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Journal of Korean Medical Science Oct 2018Sparganosis is a larval cestodiasis caused by the plerocercoid of spp. Since the first description of human sparganosis in 1924, several hundred cases have been... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Sparganosis is a larval cestodiasis caused by the plerocercoid of spp. Since the first description of human sparganosis in 1924, several hundred cases have been reported in Korea. However, systematic approaches for literature surveys of Korean sparganosis have seldom appeared.
METHODS
We searched publicly available databases such as PubMed, Research Information Sharing Service, and Korea Medical Citation Index with relevant Medical Subject Headings.
RESULTS
At least 438 Korean sparganosis cases have been described from 1924 to 2015. Preoperative diagnosis has been significantly increased since the 1980s due to popularization of serological and imaging diagnostics. Cases were largely detected from fifth decades in general, but cerebral sparganosis was detected in relatively young age groups (third and fourth decades). Sparganosis was prevalent in men (75.9%). Consumption of frog/snake and drinking unfiltered water were found in 63.4% and 16.9% of patients, respectively. Most frequently affected sites were subcutaneous tissues (49.9%), followed by the central nervous system (36.2%). Involvements of visceral organs (7.6%), ocular regions (3.6%), and muscles (2.7%) were noticed. In women, breast sparganosis constituted a large proportion (34.2%). Sparganosis associated with immunocompromised patients has recently been reported.
CONCLUSION
Sparganosis has been continuously reported in Korea during the past 90 years, although its incidence has decreased during the last 20 years. The disease is mostly characterized by subcutaneous nodule, but infection of the worm in vital organs often results in serious illness. Continuous awareness is warranted to monitor sparganosis occurrence and associated clinical consequences.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Preoperative Period; Prevalence; Republic of Korea; Sparganosis; Spirometra; Water; Young Adult
PubMed: 30369856
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e273 -
Parasitology International Apr 2020Proliferative sparganosis is one of the most bizarre and mysterious parasitic diseases ever described. The causative parasite is Sparganum proliferum, which is a... (Review)
Review
Proliferative sparganosis is one of the most bizarre and mysterious parasitic diseases ever described. The causative parasite is Sparganum proliferum, which is a pseudophyllidean cestode distinct from Spirometra tapeworms. Here we overview this rare but fascinating disease with the all original case reports on human patients published in the last 115 years. Proliferative sparganosis is clearly divided into two disease types, cutaneous and internal proliferative sparganosis. Cutaneous type starts with a skin eruption caused by the dermal invasion of a sparganum. Skin lesion progresses to larger areas of the body if left untreated. Various internal organs and body wall can be eventually affected. The clinical symptoms of patients in this group are very similar to each other. Molecular data suggest that cutaneous proliferative sparganosis is caused by S. proliferum of which genetic variation is limited, regardless of the time or localities of the emergence of patients. Internal proliferative sparganosis, on the other hand, is much more heterogeneous. Some cases show aggressive infection in internal organs, while others show only restricted lesions. Some of the cases that had been cited as proliferative sparganosis in the past literature were removed from the list, because they were judged as cyclophyllidean tapeworm infections. DNA sequencing is mandatory for the definite diagnosis of proliferative sparganosis. The Venezuelan strain of S. proliferum is maintained in experimental mice in Japan, which is fully prepared for the experimental study with advanced technologies in modern molecular biology.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Skin Diseases, Parasitic; Sparganosis; Sparganum
PubMed: 31841658
DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.102036 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Aug 2015
Topics: Animals; Foodborne Diseases; Humans; Life Cycle Stages; Sparganosis; Sparganum
PubMed: 26436793
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182015000500014 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jun 2022Sparganosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae (spargana) of the genus , which is widely distributed globally and threatens human health. More than 60... (Review)
Review
Sparganosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larvae (spargana) of the genus , which is widely distributed globally and threatens human health. More than 60 species of have already been identified, and over 2000 cases have been reported. This review summarizes the prevalence of humans, frogs, snakes, and other animals with spargana. Furthermore, the infection mode, distribution, and site are summarized and analyzed. We also describe the epidemiology, molecular diagnosis, and other aspects which are of considerable significance to preventing sparganum.
PubMed: 35739914
DOI: 10.3390/ani12121578 -
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases Feb 2023
Topics: Animals; Humans; Sparganosis; Eye; Sparganum
PubMed: 37170470
DOI: 10.3347/PHD.23005 -
Archives of Plastic Surgery Mar 2014
PubMed: 24665429
DOI: 10.5999/aps.2014.41.2.181 -
International Journal of Infectious... Mar 2011Sparganosis is an infection of humans and animals caused by the plerocercoid larvae (spargana) of various diphyllobothroid tapeworms belonging to the genus Spirometra.... (Review)
Review
Sparganosis is an infection of humans and animals caused by the plerocercoid larvae (spargana) of various diphyllobothroid tapeworms belonging to the genus Spirometra. Sparganosis has been reported sporadically around the world, and a higher prevalence of the disease occurs in several Asian countries, including South Korea, Japan, Thailand, and China. To date, a total of more than 1000 cases of human sparganosis have been reported in 25 provinces in mainland China. Sparganosis is emerging in mainland China because of food consumption habits and the unusual practice of treating wounds or other lesions with poultices of frog or snake flesh. This article reviews the current status of sparganosis in mainland China. Increased public awareness about the risks associated with eating raw food and strengthened food safety measures are needed.
Topics: Animals; China; Humans; Sparganosis; Sparganum
PubMed: 21126898
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.10.001 -
Revista Chilena de Infectologia :... Feb 2016
Topics: Animals; Brain Diseases; Humans; Sparganosis
PubMed: 26965889
DOI: 10.4067/S0716-10182016000100019 -
Handbook of Clinical Neurology 2013Many cestodes are capable of invading the central nervous system (CNS), and several are highly prevalent in the developing world. Neurocysticercosis due to Taenia solium... (Review)
Review
Many cestodes are capable of invading the central nervous system (CNS), and several are highly prevalent in the developing world. Neurocysticercosis due to Taenia solium and echinococcosis due to Echinoccocus granulosus are two of the most common parasitic infections affecting humans, but other less well-known parasites can also infect the nervous system. Coenurosis, caused by Taenia spp. such as T. multiceps, T. serialis, or T. brauni; sparganosis, caused by Spirometra spp., and neurocysticercosis caused by T. crassiceps are three less frequent zoonotic conditions that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with CNS infection - especially if they have lived in or traveled through areas where these infections are endemic. Diagnosis of these infections is typically made through a combination of serological testing, histopathology, and neuroimaging.
Topics: Animals; Cestoda; Cestode Infections; Cysticercosis; Humans; Sparganosis
PubMed: 23829923
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53490-3.00027-3 -
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Aug 2023Currently, more than 500,000 cases of various helminthes in humans are reported annually in the Russian Federation. This figure may not reflect the true incidence of... (Review)
Review
Currently, more than 500,000 cases of various helminthes in humans are reported annually in the Russian Federation. This figure may not reflect the true incidence of helminthes, as only nine separate nosological forms are compulsory notifiable. The rest of the species of detected helminthes are included in a separate category of "other helminthes" or "rare helminthes". The bulk of the latter is represented by the helminthes with a rate of incidence that does not exceed one case per 100,000 people. This review is based on data derived from publications in the Russian language, both from the Russian Federation and international, as well as data available from various health treatment facilities in Russia. These data largely cover the period of the 1990s-2010s. A total of 15 species of "rare helminthes" are described in this review: anisakiosis, capillariosis, clonorchosis, dioctophymosis, dipylidiosis, echinochasmosis, fasciolosis, gastrodiscoidosis (amphistomiosis), metagonimosis, metorchiosis, nanophyetosis, pseudamphistomosis, sparganosis (spirometrosis), strongyloidosis and trichostrongylosis. Details of their geographical distribution, clinical and epidemiological peculiarities, and the difficulties they pose in diagnosis are provided. The public health importance of "rare helminthes" in Russia at present and in the forthcoming years is stressed.
PubMed: 37624341
DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8080403