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Biomolecules Mar 2022Bacterial extracellular proteins participate in the host cell communication by virtue of the modulation of pathogenicity, commensalism and mutualism. Studies on the...
Bacterial extracellular proteins participate in the host cell communication by virtue of the modulation of pathogenicity, commensalism and mutualism. Studies on the microbiome of cervical mucus of the water buffalo () have shown the occurrence of and that the presence of this bacterium is indicative of various physiological and reproductive states in the host. Recently, has been isolated from the cervical mucus of the buffalo during the different phases of estrous cycle, and has proved to be much more pronounced during the estrus phase. The basis underlying the availability of a significantly increased population, specifically during the estrus phase, is not known. Consequently, it is important to determine the significance of the specific abundance of during the estrus phase of the buffalo host, particularly from the perspective of whether this bacterial species is capable of contributing to sexual communication via its extracellular proteins and volatiles. Therefore, the relevance of exoproteome in the buffalo cervical mucus during the estrus phase was analyzed using LC-MS/MS. As many as 219 proteins were identified, among which elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), 60-kDa chaperonin (Cpn60), enolase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase class 1 (FBP aldolase), enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADPH] (ENR) and lipoprotein (Lpp) were the functionally important candidates. Most of the proteins present in the exoproteome of were those involved in cellular-metabolic functions, as well as catalytic- and binding activities. Moreover, computational studies of Lpp have shown enhanced interaction with volatiles such as acetic-, butanoic-, isovaleric- and valeric acids, which were identified in the cervical mucus . culture supernatant. The present findings suggest that extracellular proteins may play an important role in buffalo sexual communication during the estrus phase.
Topics: Animals; Buffaloes; Cervix Mucus; Chromatography, Liquid; Estrus; Female; Staphylococcus; Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PubMed: 35327642
DOI: 10.3390/biom12030450 -
Infectious Disease Reports May 2020is a gram-positive organism found in food products as well as naturally occurring in air and on surfaces. We present the first known case of osteomyelitis caused by...
is a gram-positive organism found in food products as well as naturally occurring in air and on surfaces. We present the first known case of osteomyelitis caused by machine injection injury. The patient was treated with emergent surgical debridement as well as doxycycline for a soft tissue infection. Despite targeted therapy, the infection progressed to osteomyelitis and was treated successfully with additional surgical debridement and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. There is sparse information on both infections and treatment of . We present our case report as well as a review of the literature on the epidemiology, susceptibility and treatment recommendations for infections.
PubMed: 32913620
DOI: 10.4081/idr.2020.8523 -
Journal of Food Protection Nov 2018Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen implicated in various diseases, including staphylococcal food poisoning. Bacteriocins are considered safe and effective...
Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen implicated in various diseases, including staphylococcal food poisoning. Bacteriocins are considered safe and effective antimicrobial substances for the prevention of the growth of pathogenic bacteria. In this article, we describe the purification and characterization of pasteuricin, a novel bacteriocin produced by Staphylococcus pasteuri RSP-1. A cell-free supernatant of S. pasteuri RSP-1 exerted strong antimicrobial activity against staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and gram-positive bacteria. The loss of antimicrobial activity upon treatment with proteolytic enzymes confirmed the proteinaceous nature of pasteuricin. A rapid and pronounced bactericidal effect of pasteuricin was confirmed by a live-dead bacterial viability assay. To our knowledge, pasteuricin is the first reported S. pasteuri bacteriocin that inhibits S. aureus. Because pasteuricin is characterized by strong antimicrobial activity and high stability, it has potential as an alternative antimicrobial agent to antibiotics.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriocins; Food Contamination; Food Preservation; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 30280936
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-111 -
Veterinary World Mar 2022Staphylococci are commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens found on the skin and mucosa. Sports animals are more prone to injury and illness, and we believe that...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Staphylococci are commensal bacteria and opportunistic pathogens found on the skin and mucosa. Sports animals are more prone to injury and illness, and we believe that antimicrobial agents might be extensively used for the treatment and cause the existence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. This study aimed to investigate the diversity and AMR profile of staphylococci in sports animals (riding horses, fighting bulls, and fighting cocks) in South Thailand.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Nasal (57 fighting bulls and 33 riding horses) and skin swabs (32 fighting cocks) were taken from 122 animals. Staphylococci were cultured in Mannitol Salt Agar and then identified species by biochemical tests using the VITEK 2 card for Gram-positive organisms in conjunction with the VITEK 2 COMPACT machine and genotypic identification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed with VITEK 2 AST-GN80 test kit cards and VITEK 2 COMPACT machine. Detection of AMR genes , , and and staphylococcal chromosomal (SCC) type was evaluated by PCR.
RESULTS
Forty-one colonies of staphylococci were isolated, and six species were identified, including (61%), (15%), (10%), (7%), (5%), and (2%). Staphylococci were highly resistant to two drug classes, penicillin (93%) and cephalosporin (51%). About 56% of the isolates were methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), and the majority was (82%), which is primarily found in horses. Most MRS (82%) were multidrug-resistant. Almost all (96%) of the -positive MRS harbored the gene. Almost all MRS isolates possessed an unknown type of SCC. Interestingly, the AMR rate was notably lower in fighting bulls and cocks than in riding horses, which may be related to the owner's preference for herbal therapy over antimicrobial drugs.
CONCLUSION
This study presented many types of staphylococci displayed on bulls, cocks, and horses. However, we found a high prevalence of MRS in horses that could be transmitted to owners through close contact activities and might be a source of AMR genotype transmission to other staphylococci.
PubMed: 35497942
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.765-774 -
Central European Journal of Public... Jun 2022This work aimed to determine the representation and resistance of bacteria belonging to the genus Staphylococcus and Enterococcus on inanimate surfaces of two selected...
OBJECTIVES
This work aimed to determine the representation and resistance of bacteria belonging to the genus Staphylococcus and Enterococcus on inanimate surfaces of two selected workplaces of the University Hospital of L. Pasteur in Košice (UHLP) and to investigate their importance in the hospital environment. The men's ward of the Department of Internal Medicine (DIM) and the Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (DAIC) were chosen.
METHODS
Using sterile sampling kits, a total of 182 swabs were collected from the inanimate surfaces of both UHLP workplaces. The swabs were then transported to a microbiological laboratory and inoculated onto sterile culture media (blood agar containing 5% ram erythrocytes). After culturing (24-48 hours, in a thermostat at constant temperature 37 °C), bacterial colonies were identified by mass spectrometry on a MALDI TOF MS. Bacteria belonging to the genera Staphylococcus and Enterococcus were subsequently separated from the spectrum of identified bacteria. Nosocomial significant strains of staphylococci (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus) and all isolated enterococci were subjected to susceptibility testing for selected antibiotics using the disk diffusion method - E-tests.
RESULTS
Several members of the genus Staphylococcus were identified from the inanimate surfaces of both workplaces. These were mainly coagulase-negative strains - Staphylococcus epidermidis (45), Staphylococcus capitis (34), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (20), Staphylococcus hominis (45), Staphylococcus pasteuri (2), Staphylococcus sroph (1), Staphylococcus simulans (3), and Staphylococcus warneri (4). Staphylococcus aureus strains were also identified (2). Nosocomial significant isolates were tested for susceptibility to the antibiotics cefoxitin (FOX) and oxacillin (OXA). Two members of the genus Enterococcus - Enterococcus faecium (7) and Enterococcus faecalis (8) were isolated. All strains were subject to vancomycin susceptibility testing using the disk method.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Cross Infection; Enterococcus; Hospitals; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Sheep; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 35841227
DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7241 -
Scientifica 2022Thailand was proposed to be rich unexplored source of microorganisms, especially bacterial strains. There should be bacteria with high secondary metabolite production...
Secondary Metabolism Gene Diversity and Cocultivation toward Isolation and Identification of Potent Bioactive Compounds Producing Bacterial Strains from Thailand's Natural Resources.
Thailand was proposed to be rich unexplored source of microorganisms, especially bacterial strains. There should be bacteria with high secondary metabolite production potential in the natural resources that are still unidentified. Moreover, they might not produce secondary metabolites in standard laboratory culture condition after isolation, in which coculture condition would help us pursuing the bacteria to produce bioactive metabolites. Here, we aimed to identify new bacterial strains with high secondary metabolite production potential from Thailand's natural resources. To achieve the goal, we performed bacteria isolation, phylogenetic analysis, degenerate PCR of secondary metabolism genes, cocultivation, antibacterial analysis, and HPLC chemical profiling. We isolated distinct 40 bacterial strains, which have over 98% 16S rRNA sequence similarity with known species. There were 22, 31, and 29 strains giving positive PCR amplification of NRPS, PKS, and TPS genes, respectively. Among them, RSUCC0101 had the highest number of PCR products, 26. In standard single culture condition, crude extracts prepared from RSUCC0021 and RSUCC0282 could inhibit the growth of ATCC25923. Furthermore, the cocultivation and HPLC analyses showed that the extracts prepared from 3 pairs of culture between sp. RSUCC0020, RSUCC0053, sp. RSUCC0087, and RSUCC0090 could inhibit the growth of ATCC25923 and produced distinct chemical profiles from their single culture condition. Our study led to the isolation and identification of several promising bacterial strains for production of secondary metabolites that might be useful in biomedical applications.
PubMed: 35677864
DOI: 10.1155/2022/2827831 -
ACS Infectious Diseases Apr 2023Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, negatively charged polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units of uronic acid and amino sugars. The luminal surface of...
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are linear, negatively charged polysaccharides composed of repeating disaccharide units of uronic acid and amino sugars. The luminal surface of the bladder epithelium is coated with a GAG layer. These urothelial GAGs are thought to provide a protective barrier and serve as a potential interaction site with the urinary microbiome (urobiome). Previous studies have profiled urinary GAG composition in mixed cohorts, but the urinary GAG composition in postmenopausal women remains undefined. To investigate the relationship between GAGs and recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI), we profiled urinary GAGs in a controlled cohort of postmenopausal women. We found that chondroitin sulfate (CS) is the major urinary GAG in postmenopausal women and that urinary CS was elevated in women with active rUTI. We also associated urinary GAGs with urobiome composition and identified bacterial species that significantly associated with urinary GAG concentration. , , and were positively associated with heparin sulfate or hyaluronic acid, and bacterial species associated with vaginal dysbiosis were negatively correlated with urinary CS. Altogether, this work defines changes in urinary GAG composition associated with rUTI and identifies new associations between urinary GAGs and the urobiome that may play a role in rUTI pathobiology.
Topics: Female; Humans; Glycosaminoglycans; Postmenopause; Urinary Tract Infections; Chondroitin Sulfates; Heparin
PubMed: 36942838
DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00027 -
Microbiology Resource Announcements Oct 2022We report the isolation, identification, and assemblies of three antibiotic-producing soil bacteria (Staphylococcus pasteuri, Peribacillus butanolivorans, and...
Draft Genome Sequences of Three Antibiotic-Producing Soil Bacteria, Staphylococcus pasteuri WAM01, Peribacillus butanolivorans WAM04, and Micrococcus yunnanensis WAM06, with Growth-Inhibiting Effects against Commensal Strains.
We report the isolation, identification, and assemblies of three antibiotic-producing soil bacteria (Staphylococcus pasteuri, Peribacillus butanolivorans, and Micrococcus yunnanensis) that inhibit the growth of commensals in coculture. With pathogenic strains becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, bioprospecting for novel antimicrobials using commensal relatives may facilitate discovery of clinically useful drugs.
PubMed: 36094179
DOI: 10.1128/mra.00627-22 -
IDCases 2019is a coagulase negative bacterium which although formally described in 1993, has only recently become possible to reliably speciate in diagnostic microbiology...
is a coagulase negative bacterium which although formally described in 1993, has only recently become possible to reliably speciate in diagnostic microbiology laboratories. remains an extremely infrequent cause of human infection to date, namely bacteremia in an individual suffering acute myeloid leukemia, catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a patient receiving chemotherapy and endocarditis within a case series without specific clinical information. As such, our report provides the first detailed account of infective endocarditis entailing a subacute community-onset infection involving native aortic and mitral valves, multiple systemic emboli, and ultimately cardiothoracic surgery.
PubMed: 31720224
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2019.e00656 -
Food Science and Biotechnology 2016Reactions of a crude enzyme extracted from TS-82 to cleave carbon-carbon bonds in bicyclic and monocyclic carotenoid substrates were investigated. Dependencies of...
Reactions of a crude enzyme extracted from TS-82 to cleave carbon-carbon bonds in bicyclic and monocyclic carotenoid substrates were investigated. Dependencies of enzyme activities on processing temperature and pH were investigated and non-volatile and volatile breakdown products were characterized. The crude enzyme showed a maximum activity with zeaxanthin, followed in decreasing order by β-carotene, canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, and β-apo-8'-carotenal. The optimum pH value of the enzyme was 3.0 for both bicyclic and monocyclic substrates, whereas the optimum temperature of the enzyme was substrate specific at 60°C for C carotenoids and 50°C for β-apo-8'-carotenal. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectra (LC-MS) and Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectra (GC-MS) indicated that the crude enzyme was able to catalyze substrates with cleavage at 9-10 and 9'-10' double bonds with C norisoprenoids being the main volatile reaction products in each case. Astaxanthin is a major source for α,β-dihydro-β-ionone.
PubMed: 30263261
DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0033-7