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BMJ Case Reports Jun 2019We report a rare case of native valve endocarditis caused by in an immunocompetent 79-year-old man with known degenerative valvular heart disease but no previous risk...
We report a rare case of native valve endocarditis caused by in an immunocompetent 79-year-old man with known degenerative valvular heart disease but no previous risk factors such as recent invasive treatment or medical implant. The patient presented with heart failure, due to perforation of the mitral valve, and lacked any signs of infection. The diagnosis of endocarditis with was established by echocardiography and positive blood cultures.
Topics: Aged; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Heart Failure; Heart Valve Diseases; Humans; Male; Mitral Valve; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 31189544
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2019-229546 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2021Disinfection is a key element in controlling infections. Fogging, also known as fumigation, is one of the most effective chemical disinfection methods. Peracetic acid...
Disinfection is a key element in controlling infections. Fogging, also known as fumigation, is one of the most effective chemical disinfection methods. Peracetic acid (PAA) is a powerful oxidant with bactericidal and fungicidal properties. The aim of this study is to determine the type of bacteria and fungi present in educational institutions and whether disinfection by PAA fumigation in these institutions is also effective and useful, as demonstrated previously in healthcare centers. This study was carried out in five kindergartens and five primary schools in Bialystok, Poland. Three rooms have been selected in each of these educational institutions, and the disinfection was carried out in 30 rooms in total. Fogging with PAA was performed in selected rooms. Before and after disinfection, samples were collected from four surfaces: walls, tables, doors, and chair backs. Most frequently detected microorganisms in schools and kindergartens were ssp. . In addition, ssp. were the most prevalent in kindergartens, whereas was the most prevalent in schools. Comparison of the bacterial flora of schools and kindergartens showed statistically significant differences in the prevalence of bacteria on different surfaces. A significant decrease in the number of colonies after disinfection was observed on all surfaces ( < 0.05). In addition, the calculated effectiveness of disinfection was 99.7% in kindergartens and 99.3% in schools. The results indicate that fogging of PAA is a highly effective method of surface disinfection in kindergartens and schools.
Topics: Acinetobacter; Actinobacteria; Micrococcaceae; Paracoccus; Peracetic Acid; Schools; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 34604154
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.697917 -
Clinical Case Reports Apr 2022-related endocarditis is rarely reported, raising diagnostic challenges and is often associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. We describe a case of native...
-related endocarditis is rarely reported, raising diagnostic challenges and is often associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. We describe a case of native valve endocarditis caused by and complicated by a valve perforation in an immunocompetent patient to raise awareness of this emerging organism.
PubMed: 35474978
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5591 -
Veterinary Microbiology Feb 2014Commensal microorganisms live in association with the mucosal surfaces of all vertebrates. The skin of teleost fish is known to harbor commensals. In this study we...
Commensal microorganisms live in association with the mucosal surfaces of all vertebrates. The skin of teleost fish is known to harbor commensals. In this study we report for the first time the presence of an intracellular Gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus warneri that resides in the skin epidermis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). S. warneri was isolated from healthy hatchery trout skin epithelial cells. In situ hybridization confirmed the intracellular nature of the bacterium. Skin explants exposed in vitro to S. warneri or the extracellular pathogen Vibrio anguillarum show that S. warneri is able to induce an anti-inflammatory cytokine status via TGF-β1b compared to the pro-inflammatory responses (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-∝) elicited by V. anguillarum. In vivo experiments showed that S. warneri is not pathogenic to rainbow trout when injected intraperitoneally at high concentrations. However, S. warneri is able to stimulate V. anguillarum growth and biofilm formation on rainbow trout scales. Our results demonstrate that rainbow trout skin commensals such as S. warneri have the potential to become indirect pathobionts by enhancing growth and biofilm formation of pathogens such as V. anguillarum. These results show that fish farming practices (i.e. handling and other manipulations) can alter the skin microbiota and compromise the skin health of rainbow trout.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Load; Cytokines; Epidermis; Epithelial Cells; Fish Proteins; Interleukins; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Staphylococcus; Symbiosis; Transforming Growth Factor beta1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vibrio
PubMed: 24438987
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.12.012 -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2021Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) may be considered contaminants when isolated from clinical specimens but may also be a cause of true infection. This study aimed...
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) may be considered contaminants when isolated from clinical specimens but may also be a cause of true infection. This study aimed to compare the clonality and SCC type of a collection of CoNS isolated from blood cultures of inpatients, nasal swabs of healthy individuals, and patients with chronic wounds, all from the same community, using SCC typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and MLST. , exhibited high clonal diversity, but hospital and community clusters were observed. Nosocomial clones belonged to sequence types ST2, ST6, and ST23. Some clones were found to circulate in the hospital and community, while exhibited very high clonal diversity. , , and revealed several isolates belonging to the same clone in the hospital and community. The detection of different SCC types within the same cluster indicated high diversity. was associated with SCC I and III, with I and II, with type V, with complex type A and , and and with SCC I. The generation of elements and new combinations of cassette genes were highly associated with CoNS isolates, suggesting that SCC may not be a good marker of clonality in these bacteria.
PubMed: 34201417
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070792 -
Viruses Feb 2024Bacteria of the genus are significant challenge for medicine, as many species are resistant to multiple antibiotics and some are even to all of the antibiotics we use....
Bacteria of the genus are significant challenge for medicine, as many species are resistant to multiple antibiotics and some are even to all of the antibiotics we use. One of the approaches to developing new therapeutics to treat staphylococcal infections is the use of bacteriophages specific to these bacteria or the lytic enzymes of such bacteriophages, which are capable of hydrolyzing the cell walls of these bacteria. In this study, a new bacteriophage vB_SepP_134 (St 134) specific to was described. This podophage, with a genome of 18,275 bp, belongs to the genus. St 134 was able to infect various strains of 12 of the 21 tested coagulase-negative species and one clinical strain from the complex. The genes encoding endolysin (LysSte134_1) and tail tip lysin (LysSte134_2) were identified in the St 134 genome. Both enzymes were cloned and produced in cells. The endolysin LysSte134_1 demonstrated catalytic activity against peptidoglycans isolated from , , and . LysSte134_1 was active against and planktonic cells and destroyed the biofilms formed by clinical strains of and .
Topics: Humans; Staphylococcus aureus; Bacteriophages; Staphylococcus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Staphylococcal Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Endopeptidases
PubMed: 38543751
DOI: 10.3390/v16030385 -
Journal of Dairy Science Jul 2017The aim of this research paper was to characterize coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci from raw milk, Minas cheese, and production lines of Minas...
The aim of this research paper was to characterize coagulase-positive and coagulase-negative staphylococci from raw milk, Minas cheese, and production lines of Minas cheese processing. One hundred isolates from 3 different cheese producers were characterized using molecular approaches, such as PCR, molecular typing, and DNA sequencing. Staphylococcus aureus (88% of the isolates) was the most abundant followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hyicus, and Staphylococcus warneri. Among the 22 enterotoxin genes tested, the most frequent was seh (62% of the isolates), followed by selx and ser. Hemolysin genes were widely distributed across isolates, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin and toxic shock syndrome toxin genes were also identified. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus were staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec III, IVa, IVd, and others nontypeable. In the phenotypic antibiotic resistance, multiresistant isolates were detected and resistance to penicillin was the most observed. Using spa typing, we identified several types and described a new one, t14969, isolated from cheese. These findings suggest that antibiotic resistance and potentially virulent strains from different sources can be found in the Brazilian dairy processing environment. Further research should be conducted with collaboration from regulatory agencies to develop programs of prevention of virulent and resistant strain dissemination in dairy products and the processing environment.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brazil; Cheese; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Milk; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 28457548
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12477 -
Journal of Dairy Science Nov 2021Compared with dairy cows, goat somatic cell count (SCC) is higher and probably more affected by physiological factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and season....
Compared with dairy cows, goat somatic cell count (SCC) is higher and probably more affected by physiological factors such as parity, stage of lactation, and season. Thus, SCC is believed to be a less precise indicator of intramammary infections in dairy goats, and no consensus exists on SCC thresholds for considering goats as infected. The Norwegian Goat Recording System maintains individual goat production records and results from microbiological analyses of milk samples. In this retrospective observational study, we used recordings over a 10-yr period (2010 to 2020) to describe the association between individual goat SCC and noninfectious factors, as well as intramammary infections. The median SCC in the 1,000,802 milk recordings included in the study was 440,000 cells/mL, and the mode was 70,000 cells/mL. Somatic cell count increased with parity, days in milk, estrus, pasture season, and intramammary infections. The effect of parity and stage of lactation was significantly higher in infected compared with uninfected goats. Staphylococci dominated as causes of intramammary infections, with Staphylococcus aureus as the udder pathogen associated with highest SCC. The most prevalent non-aureus staphylococci were Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus caprae. This study provides guidelines for interpretation of goat SCC at different parities and stages of lactations under Norwegian management conditions. We revealed a considerable variation in SCC associated with physiological factors, indicating that the cutoff for identifying infected goats should be a dynamic threshold adjusted for parity, stage of lactation, and season.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Cell Count; Female; Goat Diseases; Goats; Lactation; Mammary Glands, Animal; Mastitis; Mastitis, Bovine; Milk; Pregnancy; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus
PubMed: 34364641
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20549 -
Contraceptive Sperm Agglutinating Proteins Identified in , Natural Microflora of an Infertile Woman.Indian Journal of Microbiology Mar 2019, isolated from the cervix of an adult female with unexplained infertility, was found to agglutinate human spermatozoa in vitro leading to their death. A genomic library...
, isolated from the cervix of an adult female with unexplained infertility, was found to agglutinate human spermatozoa in vitro leading to their death. A genomic library of was generated using pSMART- vector-host system. Approximately 3500 transformants were screened and four showed sperm agglutinating activity. Sperm agglutinating proteins (SAPs) were partially purified from the positive transformants and were found to agglutinate sperms in vitro. Cloned ORFs in positive transformants were sequenced and ORF finder identified them as endonuclease, accessory secretory protein-Asp1, accessory secretory protein-Asp2 and signal transduction protein. Mannose was found to competitively inhibit sperm agglutination, indicating that SAPs in bind to mannose in glycoprotein receptors on the surface of sperms for agglutination. This is the first report on identification of SAPs which may be responsible for unexplained infertility in women and may be used as contraceptive agents.
PubMed: 30728630
DOI: 10.1007/s12088-018-0766-5 -
Microorganisms Nov 2022The human body represents a complex and diverse reservoir of microorganisms. Although the human microbiome remains poorly characterized and understood, it should not be...
The human body represents a complex and diverse reservoir of microorganisms. Although the human microbiome remains poorly characterized and understood, it should not be underestimated, since recent studies have highlighted its importance in health. This is especially evident when considering microbiota in the male reproductive system, responsible for men’s fertility and sexual behavior. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the microbial communities of the healthy male genital mucosa and its role in disease. This study was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was limited to the English language and studies published until August 2022 that included culture-independent techniques for microbiome characterization in male genital mucosa. Ten articles were included. The bacterial composition of the male genital mucosa consists of several genera including Prevotella, Finegoldia, Peptoniphilus, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Anaerococcus, suggesting that the male genital microbiome composition shows similarities with the adjacent anatomical sites and is related with sexual intercourse. Moreover, male circumcision appears to influence the penile microbiome. Despite the lack of knowledge on the male genital mucosa microbiome in disease, it was reported that Staphylococcus warneri and Prevotella bivia were associated with balanoposthitis, whereas Enterobacteriaceae, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium were more abundant in male genital lichen sclerosus. The limited data and paucity of prospective controlled studies highlight the need for additional studies and established criteria for sampling methods and the microbiome assay procedure. Such a consensus would foster the knowledge about the composition of the genital microbiome of healthy males and its role in disease.
PubMed: 36557565
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122312