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BMC Veterinary Research May 2020Sow endometritis is a common disease in pig breeding farms after artificial insemination, which leads to gray-green vaginal secretions and decreased conception rates. It...
BACKGROUND
Sow endometritis is a common disease in pig breeding farms after artificial insemination, which leads to gray-green vaginal secretions and decreased conception rates. It is important to perform an etiologic diagnosis for effective treatments and control of diseases. The aim of this study was to carry out a pathogenic detection in five specimens of vaginal secretions collected from sick pigs with endometritis, implement identification of the pathogens by phenotypic detection and 16 s rDNA sequence and phylogeny analysis, and determinate antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates.
RESULTS
A Streptococcus strain was isolated and identified from all of the five specimens. The isolate was positive for Voges-Proskauer (V-P) and for the hydrolysis of arginine, esculin and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). Acid formation was observed for sorbitol, mushroom sugar, sucrose, and glucose. The 16S rDNA sequence of the isolate possessed 99.93% similarity to that of Streptococcus porcinus. The phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequence showed that the isolate belonged to the same clade as the S. porcinus strains from humans, pigs, and other animals. The isolate exhibited multi-drug resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, macrolides and tetracyclines except being sensitive to some β- lactams such as penicillin G, cephalothin, cefazolin, cephradine and cefuroxime.
CONCLUSIONS
A S. porcinus isolate with multi-drug resistance was identified from vaginal secretions of sows with endometritis in one pig breeding farm, which suggests that the sow endometritis was caused by S. porcinus infection during artificial insemination. This study indicates that sensitive antibiotics such as penicillin G or some cephalosporins could be used for treatment of the diseases. In addition, the study hints that bacterial multi-drug resistance is a tough problem for disease treatment in pig farms.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; DNA, Ribosomal; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Endometritis; Female; Insemination, Artificial; Phylogeny; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus; Swine; Swine Diseases; Vaginal Discharge
PubMed: 32434590
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02365-9 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Sep 2005The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 25 Streptococcus porcinus isolates recovered from human sources were investigated and compared to the characteristics of...
The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of 25 Streptococcus porcinus isolates recovered from human sources were investigated and compared to the characteristics of 17 reference strains obtained from nonhuman sources. All of the S. porcinus isolates were beta-hemolytic (wide zones), susceptible to vancomycin, gave positive results for the leucine aminopeptidase and l-pyrrolidonylarylamidase tests, and produced acids from mannitol and sorbitol. Most of them were positive for the CAMP test and resistant to bacitracin. The isolates were susceptible to most of the 14 antimicrobials tested, except for tetracycline, for which 80% of the human isolates and 35.2% of the nonhuman strains were resistant. The tet(M) and the tet(O) genes were detected in 23 (88.5%) and 8 (30.8%) of the 26 tetracycline-resistant isolates, respectively. Analysis of whole-cell protein profiles obtained after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a high similarity among the profiles. Chromosomal DNA was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after digestion with SmaI and by random(ly) amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR using primer 1254. Analysis of SmaI-restricted genomic DNA revealed the substantial genetic diversity among S. porcinus isolates from nonhuman sources, which were also serologically more diverse. Most of the human isolates belonged to serogroup NG1 and shared highly related PFGE profiles that were distinct from profiles of isolates from nonhuman sources. These results were in agreement with those obtained by analysis of amplicons after RAPD-PCR, indicating the potential ability of these techniques for typing S. porcinus and suggesting the occurrence of a few clonal groups of S. porcinus strains adapted to the human host.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; Female; Genotype; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Phenotype; Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus; Swine
PubMed: 16145112
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.9.4592-4601.2005 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Nov 2012Ninety-seven animal, human, and dairy Streptococcus porcinus or Streptococcus pseudoporcinus isolates in the CDC Streptococcus strain collection were evaluated on the...
Evaluation of methods for identification and determination of the taxonomic status of strains belonging to the Streptococcus porcinus-Streptococcus pseudoporcinus complex isolated from animal, human, and dairy sources.
Ninety-seven animal, human, and dairy Streptococcus porcinus or Streptococcus pseudoporcinus isolates in the CDC Streptococcus strain collection were evaluated on the basis of DNA-DNA reassociation, 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequencing, conventional biochemical and Rapid ID 32 Strep identification methods, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing to determine their taxonomic status, characteristics for species differentiation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and relevance of clinical source. Nineteen of the 97 isolates (1 human, 18 swine) were identified as S. porcinus. The remaining 72 human isolates and 6 dairy isolates were identified as S. pseudoporcinus. The use of 16S rRNA or rpoB gene sequencing was required to differentiate S. porcinus from S. pseudoporcinus. The human and dairy S. pseudoporcinus isolates were biochemically distinct from each other as well as distinct by 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequencing. Therefore, we propose the subspecies denominations S. pseudoporcinus subsp. hominis subsp. nov. for the human isolates and S. pseudoporcinus subsp. lactis subsp. nov. for the dairy isolates. Most strains were susceptible to the antimicrobials tested, with the exception of tetracycline. Two strains of each species were also resistant to clindamycin and erythromycin and carried the erm(A) (S. pseudoporcinus) or the erm(B) (S. porcinus) gene. S. porcinus was identified from a single human isolate recovered from a wound in an abattoir worker. S. pseudoporcinus was primarily isolated from the genitourinary tract of women but was also associated with blood, placental, and wound infections. Isolates reacting with group B antiserum and demonstrating wide beta-hemolysis should be suspected of being S. pseudoporcinus and not S. agalactiae.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Dairy Products; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus
PubMed: 22933599
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01481-12 -
Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2020is a beta-hemolytic Gram-positive, catalase-negative, nonmotile coccus arranged in short chains, usually found in the female genitourinary tract and differentiated from...
is a beta-hemolytic Gram-positive, catalase-negative, nonmotile coccus arranged in short chains, usually found in the female genitourinary tract and differentiated from in 2006. Only two human infections associated with this organism have been reported to date: one in a patient with a first digit wound infection and another with lower extremity cellulitis. We describe two novel cases of causing endocarditis in one and pneumonia with empyema in another, illustrating the potential of these bacteria to cause severe invasive and life-threatening disease.
PubMed: 32373373
DOI: 10.1155/2020/4135246 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Feb 1995Streptococcus porcinus is normally associated with infections in swine. Cultures of this streptococcal species are rarely reported from human infections. In the past 10...
Streptococcus porcinus is normally associated with infections in swine. Cultures of this streptococcal species are rarely reported from human infections. In the past 10 years, we have identified 13 cultures of S. porcinus from human sources from persons living in the United States and Canada. Seven of the strains were identified in the past 15 months. Nine of the strains were of a single serogroup, provisionally called C1. In addition, nine of the strains were isolated from the genitourinary tract of reproductive-age female patients, some with delivery problems. S. porcinus strains could be identified by hemolytic, serologic, and physiologic characteristics. All strains were susceptible to penicillin, erythromycin, and other antimicrobial agents. Fifty-four percent of the strains were resistant to tetracycline. These findings suggest that we may be seeing a change in the flora of the genitourinary tract of humans. Whether these isolates are significant pathogens is unknown at this time.
Topics: Animals; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Female; Female Urogenital Diseases; Humans; Phenotype; Pregnancy; Serotyping; Species Specificity; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus; Swine; Swine Diseases
PubMed: 7714197
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.2.385-388.1995 -
Nature Communications Sep 2023The human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes secretes a short peptide (leaderless communication peptide, LCP) that mediates intercellular communication and controls...
The human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes secretes a short peptide (leaderless communication peptide, LCP) that mediates intercellular communication and controls bacterial virulence through interaction with its receptor, RopB. Here, we show that LCP and RopB homologues are present in other Firmicutes. We experimentally validate that LCPs with distinct peptide communication codes act as bacterial intercellular signals and regulate gene expression in Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus porcinus, Enterococcus malodoratus and Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Our results indicate that LCPs are more widespread than previously thought, and their characterization may uncover new signaling mechanisms and roles in coordinating diverse bacterial traits.
Topics: Humans; Firmicutes; Quorum Sensing; Cell Communication; Peptides; Phenotype
PubMed: 37741855
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41719-3 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jan 2017
Correction for Shewmaker et al., Evaluation of Methods for Identification and Determination of the Taxonomic Status of Strains Belonging to the Streptococcus porcinus-Streptococcus pseudoporcinus Complex Isolated from Animal, Human, and Dairy Sources.
PubMed: 28031449
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02149-16 -
One Health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Dec 2021In this study, a phylogenic analysis was performed on pathogens previously identified in Hong Kong wet markets' cutting boards. Phylogenetic comparisons were made...
In this study, a phylogenic analysis was performed on pathogens previously identified in Hong Kong wet markets' cutting boards. Phylogenetic comparisons were made between phylotypes obtained in this study and environmental and clinical phylotypes for establishing the possible origin of selected bacterial species isolated from wet market cutting board ecosystems. The results reveal a strong relationship between wet market bacterial assemblages and environmental and clinically relevant phylotypes. However, our poor knowledge of potential cross-contamination sources within these wet markets is further exacerbated by failing to determine the exact or presumed origin of its identified pathogens. In this study, several clinically relevant bacterial pathogens such as , and were linked to cutting boards associated with pork; , , , and in those associated with poultry; and , , , and in those associated with seafood. Identifying non-foodborne clinically relevant pathogens in wet market cutting boards in this study confirms the need for safety approaches for wet market meat, including cold storage. The presented study justifies the need for future systematic epidemiological studies to determine identified microbial pathogens. Such studies should bring about significant improvements in the management of hygienic practices in Hong Kong's wet markets and work towards a One Health goal by recognizing the importance of wet markets as areas interconnecting food processing with animal and clinical environments.
PubMed: 34409148
DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100300 -
Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research... Apr 2011The primary objective of this 7-month study was to determine the prevalence of porcine pathogens of the tonsil of the soft palate of swine at slaughter. Additional...
The primary objective of this 7-month study was to determine the prevalence of porcine pathogens of the tonsil of the soft palate of swine at slaughter. Additional objectives were to determine if sampling the carcasses of normal or abnormal hogs provided different microbiological profiles and if the slaughter plant provides a feasible sampling frame and environment for detecting and monitoring important pathogens in tonsils that have health implications for both swine and humans. A total of 395 samples were collected from 264 farms. Of these, 180 tonsils were collected from normal carcasses and 215 tonsils were collected from carcasses that were diverted to the hold rail. Laboratory testing included bacteriological culture and identification as well as real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PPRSV) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2). The most commonly isolated bacteria included: Streptococcus suis (53.7%), Arcanobacterium pyogenes (29.9%), Pasteurella multocida (27.3%), and Streptococcus porcinus (19.5%). Virus screening revealed evidence of PRRSV and PCV-2 in 22.0% and 11.9% of the samples, respectively. Salmonella Typhimurium and Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated in 0.5% and 1.8% of the samples, respectively. Tonsils collected from the hold rail were more likely to be positive for Staphylococcus hyicus [odds ratio (OR) = 7.51, confidence interval (CI) = 2.89 to 19.54], Streptococcus porcinus (OR = 9.93, CI = 4.27 to 23.10), and Streptococcus suis (OR = 2.16, CI = 1.45 to 3.24). Tonsils collected from abnormal carcasses were less likely to be positive for Staphylococcus aureus (OR = 0.05, CI = 0.005 to 0.482).
Topics: Abattoirs; Animals; Arcanobacterium; Bacteria; Circovirus; Microbiological Techniques; Ontario; Palatine Tonsil; Pasteurella multocida; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus; Salmonella typhimurium; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus; Swine; Yersinia enterocolitica
PubMed: 21731180
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Aug 2020Antimicrobial resistance is a steadily increasing problem and poses a serious threat to global public health. Therefore, it is highly necessary to advance the...
Antimicrobial resistance is a steadily increasing problem and poses a serious threat to global public health. Therefore, it is highly necessary to advance the development of novel antimicrobial compounds and semen preservation strategies. The aim of this study was to evaluate a low temperature, antibiotic-free preservation procedure using Androstar Premium (ASP) extender (Minitüb) with antimicrobial lipopeptides. Firstly, seven lipopeptides in two concentrations (1 × minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)/2 × MIC) were tested on their sperm-compatibility at 17 °C. Two lipopeptides, C16-KKK-NH and C16-KKKK-NH, did not negatively affect sperm quality and were further evaluated for their efficiency of bacterial growth inhibition at 5 °C. Besides an overall diminution of colony forming units, both peptides showed a reduction of bacterial subcultures (n = 103) with a decrement in Gram-positive rods from 65 (ASP w/o supplements) to 39/52 (ASP w/ C16-KKK-NH/C16-KKKK-NH), in Gram-positive cocci from 21 to 9/10 and in Gram-negative species from 17 to 8/5 total subcultures. Furthermore, lipopeptides revealed activity towards selected bacteria of potential concern in artificial insemination like Trueperella pyogenes, Alcaligenes faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (not C16-KKK-NH), Pasteurella sp., Providencia stuartii, Escherichia coli (not C16-KKKK-NH) and Streptococcus porcinus (not C16-KKKK-NH). Consequently, both tested lipopeptides are promising candidates for alternative antibiotic-free preservation techniques of boar semen.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Insemination, Artificial; Lipopeptides; Male; Semen; Semen Preservation; Swine; Temperature
PubMed: 32764567
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70180-1