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Antifungal compounds from Streptomyces associated with attine ants also inhibit Leishmania donovani.PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Aug 2019Bacterial strains isolated from attine ants showed activity against the insect specialized fungal pathogen Escovopsis and also against the human protozoan parasite...
Bacterial strains isolated from attine ants showed activity against the insect specialized fungal pathogen Escovopsis and also against the human protozoan parasite Leishmania donovani. The bioassay guided fractionation of extracts from cultures of Streptomyces sp. ICBG292, isolated from the exoskeleton of Cyphomyrmex workers, led to the isolation of Mer-A2026B (1), piericidin-A1 (2) and nigericin (3). Nigericin (3) presented high activity against intracellular amastigotes of L. donovani (IC50 0.129 ± 0.008 μM). Streptomyces puniceus ICBG378, isolated from workers of Acromyrmex rugosus rugosus, produced dinactin (4) with potent anti-L. donovani activity against intracellular amastigotes (IC50 0.018 ± 0.003 μM). Compounds 3 and 4 showed good selectivity indexes, 88.91 and 656.11 respectively, and were more active than positive control, miltefosine. Compounds 1-4 were also active against some Escovopsis strains. Compounds 1 and 2 were also produced by Streptomyces sp. ICBG233, isolated from workers of Atta sexdens, and detected in ants' extracts by mass spectrometry, suggesting they are produced in the natural environment as defensive compounds involved in the symbiotic interaction.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Ants; Hypocreales; Leishmania donovani; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Structure; Streptomyces
PubMed: 31381572
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007643 -
Microbiological Research 2010A soil-borne bacterium exhibiting broad antimicrobial activity, including activity against MRSA, was investigated. The bacterium was identified using morphological,...
A soil-borne bacterium exhibiting broad antimicrobial activity, including activity against MRSA, was investigated. The bacterium was identified using morphological, biochemical and genetic techniques. The 16S rDNA sequence of the isolate indicated that it was most closely related to Streptomyces lavendulae and Streptomyces globosus. DNA-DNA hybridisation revealed 80% homology with S. globosus DSM41122. The antibiotic was partially purified from the culture supernatant using a combination of precipitation, charcoal and ion exchange. The antibiotic was found to be water-soluble and highly thermally stable at acidic pH. It inhibited the growth of S. lavendulae but not Streptomyces tenebrarius. Significantly, the partially purified antibiotic displayed activity towards clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, representative of the major clonal complexes.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Humans; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Soil Microbiology; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptomyces
PubMed: 19231147
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2008.12.004 -
International Journal of Systematic and... Sep 2011Actinomycete strain RB72(T) was isolated from woodland bluff soil in northern Alabama, USA, and shown to produce a broad spectrum bacteriocin. Based on morphological and...
Actinomycete strain RB72(T) was isolated from woodland bluff soil in northern Alabama, USA, and shown to produce a broad spectrum bacteriocin. Based on morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, the strain was determined to belong to the genus Streptomyces. Phylogenetic analysis of the near-complete 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that it differed from those of the described streptomycetes available in public databases. The distinctive white aerial hyphae and lack of sporulation suggest a deficiency in the whi pathway of the organism. A combination of substrate utilization patterns, morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization results supported the affiliation of strain RB72(T) to the genus Streptomyces and enabled the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain RB72(T) from closely related reference strains. Strain RB72(T) therefore represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces scopuliridis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RB72(T) ( = DSM 41917(T) = NRRL B-24574(T)).
Topics: Alabama; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Bacteriocins; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Soil Microbiology; Streptomyces
PubMed: 20870885
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.023192-0 -
Molecular Microbiology Jun 2012The chaplin and rodlin proteins together constitute the major components of the hydrophobic sheath that coats the aerial hyphae and spores in Streptomyces, and mutants...
The chaplin and rodlin proteins together constitute the major components of the hydrophobic sheath that coats the aerial hyphae and spores in Streptomyces, and mutants lacking the chaplins are unable to erect aerial hyphae and differentiate on minimal media. We have gained insight into the developmental regulation of the chaplin (chp) and rodlin (rdl) genes by exploiting a new model species, Streptomyces venezuelae, which sporulates in liquid culture. Using microarrays, the chaplin and rodlin genes were found to be highly induced during submerged sporulation in a bldN-dependent manner. Using σ(BldN) ChIP-chip, we show that this dependence arises because the chaplin and rodlin genes are direct biochemical targets of σ(BldN) . sven3186 (here named rsbN for regulator of sigma BldN), the gene lying immediately downstream of bldN, was also identified as a target of σ(BldN) . Disruption of rsbN causes precocious sporulation and biochemical experiments demonstrate that RsbN functions as a σ(BldN) -specific anti-sigma factor.
Topics: Bacterial Proteins; Base Sequence; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; Gene Order; Microarray Analysis; Models, Biological; Molecular Sequence Data; Sigma Factor; Streptomyces
PubMed: 22582857
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08070.x -
Chembiochem : a European Journal of... Jan 2014Nearly 50 naturally occurring carbapenem β-lactam antibiotics, most produced by Streptomyces, have been identified. The structural diversity of these compounds is...
Nearly 50 naturally occurring carbapenem β-lactam antibiotics, most produced by Streptomyces, have been identified. The structural diversity of these compounds is limited to variance of the C-2 and C-6 side chains as well as the stereochemistry at C-5/C-6. These structural motifs are of interest both for their antibiotic effects and their biosynthesis. Although the thienamycin gene cluster is the only active gene cluster publically available in this group, more comparative information is needed to understand the genetic basis of these structural differences. We report here the identification of MM 4550, a member of the olivanic acids, as the major carbapenem produced by Streptomyces argenteolus ATCC 11009. Its gene cluster was also identified by degenerate PCR and targeted gene inactivation. Sequence analysis revealed that the genes encoding the biosynthesis of the bicyclic core and the C-6 and C-2 side chains are well conserved in the MM 4550 and thienamycin gene clusters. Three new genes, cmmSu, cmm17 and cmmPah were found in the new cluster, and their putative functions in the sulfonation and epimerization of MM 4550 are proposed. Gene inactivation showed that, in addition to cmmI, two new genes, cmm22 and -23, encode a two-component response system thought to regulate the production of MM 4550. Overexpression of cmmI, cmm22 and cmm23 promoted MM 4550 production in an engineered strain. Finally, the involvement and putative roles of all genes in the MM 4550 cluster are proposed based on the results of bioinformatics analysis, gene inactivation, and analysis of disruption mutants. Overall, the differences between the thienamycin and MM 4550 gene clusters are reflected in characteristic structural elements and provide new insights into the biosynthesis of the complex carbapenems.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacterial Proteins; Carbapenems; DNA Mutational Analysis; Multigene Family; Sequence Analysis; Streptomyces
PubMed: 24420617
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201300319 -
Marine Drugs Oct 2023Aborycin is a type I lasso peptide with a stable interlocked structure, offering a favorable framework for drug development. The aborycin biosynthetic gene cluster from...
Aborycin is a type I lasso peptide with a stable interlocked structure, offering a favorable framework for drug development. The aborycin biosynthetic gene cluster from marine sponge-associated sp. HNS054 was cloned and integrated into the chromosome of hosts with different copies. The three-copy -integration strain M1346::3 showed superior production compared to the one-copy or two-copy -integration strains, and the total titer reached approximately 10.4 mg/L, i.e., 2.1 times that of the native strain. Then, five regulatory genes, (), (), , () and (), which reportedly have negative effects on secondary metabolism, were further knocked out from the M1346::3 genome by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. While the mutant showed a significant decrease (4.6 mg/L) and the mutant showed no significant improvement (12.1 mg/L) in aborycin production, the , and mutations significantly improved the aborycin titers to approximately 23.6 mg/L, 56.3 mg/L and 48.2 mg/L, respectively, which were among the highest heterologous yields for lasso peptides in both systems and systems. Thus, this study provides important clues for future studies on enhancing antibiotic production in systems.
Topics: Streptomyces coelicolor; Streptomyces; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Peptides; Chromosomes; Multigene Family
PubMed: 37888469
DOI: 10.3390/md21100534 -
Molecular Microbiology Apr 2003We review three main aspects of extracellular signalling in the initiation of aerial mycelium formation in two phylogenetically distant streptomycetes, S. coelicolor... (Review)
Review
We review three main aspects of extracellular signalling in the initiation of aerial mycelium formation in two phylogenetically distant streptomycetes, S. coelicolor A3(2) and S. griseus: (1) gamma -butyrolactones; (2) a complex cascade of mostly undefined signals; and (3) progress towards defining an integrating endpoint of all this signalling. Although apparent orthologues of many of the genes involved are found in both species, some of the connectivities are different. Moreover, some of the genes involved in signalling have diverged more rapidly than known housekeeping genes. We propose that that this may be an important aspect of speciation, and that the differences in gene interactions may reflect the diverse soil microecologies to which different streptomycetes are adapted.
Topics: Genes, Bacterial; Multigene Family; Signal Transduction; Streptomyces
PubMed: 12657041
DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03476.x -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2021Crop infections by fungi lead to severe losses in food production and pose risks for human health. The increasing resistance of pathogens to fungicides has led to the...
Crop infections by fungi lead to severe losses in food production and pose risks for human health. The increasing resistance of pathogens to fungicides has led to the higher usage of these chemicals, which burdens the environment and highlights the need to find novel natural biocontrol agents. Members of the genus are known to produce a plethora of bioactive compounds. Recently, researchers have turned to extreme and previously unexplored niches in the search for new strains with antimicrobial activities. One such niche are underground coal mine environments. We isolated the new sp. MW-W600-10 strain from coal mine water samples collected at 665 m below ground level. We examined the antifungal activity of the strain against plant pathogens DSM62188 and roseF7. Furthermore, we analyzed the strain's biosynthetic potential with the antiSMASH tool. The strain showed inhibitory activity against both fungi strains. Genome mining revealed that it has 39 BGCs, among which 13 did not show similarity to those in databases. Additionally, we examined the activity of the sp. S-2 strain isolated from black soot against DSM62188. These results show that coal-related strains could be a source of novel bioactive compounds. Future studies will elucidate their full biotechnological potential.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Coal; Coal Mining; Fungi; Streptomyces; Water
PubMed: 34299061
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147441 -
Microbial Cell Factories Apr 2023Nature has provided unique molecular scaffolds for applications including therapeutics, agriculture, and food. Due to differences in ecological environments and...
BACKGROUND
Nature has provided unique molecular scaffolds for applications including therapeutics, agriculture, and food. Due to differences in ecological environments and laboratory conditions, engineering is often necessary to uncover and utilize the chemical diversity. Although we can efficiently activate and mine these often complex 3D molecules, sufficient production of target molecules for further engineering and application remain a considerable bottleneck. An example of these bioactive scaffolds is armeniaspirols, which are potent polyketide antibiotics against gram-positive pathogens and multi-resistance gram-negative Helicobacter pylori. Here, we examine the upregulation of armeniaspirols in an alternative Streptomyces producer, Streptomyces sp. A793.
RESULTS
Through an incidental observation of enhanced yields with the removal of a competing polyketide cluster, we observed seven-fold improvement in armeniaspirol production. To further investigate the improvement of armeniaspirol production, we examine upregulation of armeniaspirols through engineering of biosynthetic pathways and primary metabolism; including perturbation of genes in biosynthetic gene clusters and regulation of triacylglycerols pool.
CONCLUSION
With either overexpression of extender unit pathway or late-stage N-methylation, or the deletion of a competing polyketide cluster, we can achieve seven-fold to forty nine-fold upregulation of armeniaspirol production. The most significant upregulation was achieved by expression of heterologous fatty acyl-CoA synthase, where we observed not only a ninety seven-fold increase in production yields compared to wild type, but also an increase in the diversity of observed armeniaspirol intermediates and analogs.
Topics: Streptomyces; Polyketides; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biosynthetic Pathways; Multigene Family
PubMed: 37118806
DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02092-4 -
Journal of Bacteriology Sep 1976This is the first study of sporogenesis in Streptomyces carried out on a relatively high number of species (seven) which allows us, using also previously published... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
This is the first study of sporogenesis in Streptomyces carried out on a relatively high number of species (seven) which allows us, using also previously published results, to establish a general picture of this process. In the sporogenesis of Streptomyces two basic stages can be considered: the sporulation septum synthesis and the arthrospore maturation. Our ultrastructural study of the sporulation septum formation suggests the existance within this genus of three basic types. Type I is distinguished because the septum is formed from the beginning by two separate cross walls. Within this type we include Streptomyces erythraeus, Streptomyces albus, and Streptomyces aureofaciens and also include Streptomyces venezuelae, Streptomyces griseus, and Streptomyces osteogriseus. Type II is distinguished because there is a deposit of material previous to the synthesis of the double annulus which completes the septum. This type can be divided into two subtypes. In the first the deposits are wedge-shaped and the double annulus is clearly visible, and to this group belong Streptomyces flaveolus, Streptomyces ambofaciens, and Streptomyces coelicolor. In the second the deposits, which have a different shape and are very well developed, constitute almost entirely the sporulation septum in which the double annulus is barely visible; Streptomyces antibioticus and also Streptomyces viridochromogenes belong to this group. Type III, represented by Streptomyces cinnamonensis, is distinguished because the septum is formed by a single cross wall.
Topics: Cell Wall; Species Specificity; Spores, Bacterial; Streptomyces; Streptomyces antibioticus; Streptomyces aureofaciens
PubMed: 821930
DOI: 10.1128/jb.127.3.1443-1454.1976