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Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2023Efficient methods for monitoring sulfonamides (SAs) in water and animal-source foods are of great importance to achieve environmental safety and protect human health....
Efficient methods for monitoring sulfonamides (SAs) in water and animal-source foods are of great importance to achieve environmental safety and protect human health. Here, we demonstrate a reusable and label-free electrochemical sensor for the rapid and sensitive detection of sulfamethizole based on an electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film as the recognition layer. To achieve effective recognition, monomer screening among four kinds of 3-substituted thiophenes was performed by computational simulation and subsequent experimental evaluation, and 3-thiopheneethanol was finally selected. MIP synthesis is very fast and green, and can be in situ fabricated on the transducer surface within 30 min in an aqueous solution. The preparation process of the MIP was characterized by electrochemical techniques. Various parameters affecting MIP fabrication and its recognition response were investigated in detail. Under optimized experimental conditions, good linearity in the range of 0.001-10 μM and a low determination limit of 0.18 nM were achieved for sulfamethizole. The sensor showed excellent selectivity, which can distinguish between structurally similar SAs. In addition, the sensor displayed good reusability and stability. Even after 7 days of storage, or being reused 7 times, higher than 90% of the initial determination signals were retained. The practical applicability of the sensor was also demonstrated in spiked water and milk samples at the nM determination level with satisfactory recoveries. Compared to relevant methods for SAs, this sensor is more convenient, rapid, economical, and eco-friendly, and had comparable or even higher sensitivity, which offered a simple and efficient method for SA detection.
PubMed: 37107488
DOI: 10.3390/foods12081693 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2021Solubility enhancement of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients is of crucial importance for drug development and processing. Extensive experimental screening...
Solubility enhancement of poorly soluble active pharmaceutical ingredients is of crucial importance for drug development and processing. Extensive experimental screening is limited due to the vast number of potential solvent combinations. Hence, theoretical models can offer valuable hints for guiding experiments aimed at providing solubility data. In this paper, we explore the possibility of applying quantum-chemistry-derived molecular descriptors, adequate for development of an ensemble of neural networks model (ENNM), for solubility computations of sulfamethizole (SMT) in neat and aqueous binary solvent mixtures. The machine learning procedure utilized information encoded in -potential profiles computed using the COSMO-RS approach. The resulting nonlinear model is accurate in backcomputing SMT solubility and allowed for extensive screening of green solvents. Since the experimental characteristics of SMT solubility are limited, the data pool was extended by new solubility measurements in water, five neat organic solvents (acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, and methanol), and their aqueous binary mixtures at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. Experimentally determined order of decreasing SMT solubility in neat solvents is the following: N,N-dimethylformamide > dimethyl sulfoxide > methanol > acetonitrile > 1,4dioxane >> water, in all studied temperatures. Similar trends are observed for aqueous binary mixtures. Since N,N-dimethylformamide is not considered as a green solvent, the more acceptable replacers were searched for using the developed model. This step led to the conclusion that 4-formylmorpholine is a real alternative to N,N-dimethylformamide, fulfilling all requirements of both high dissolution potential and environmental friendliness.
PubMed: 34683507
DOI: 10.3390/ma14205915 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jul 2021Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were synthesised and functionalised with triethylenetetramine (MSN-TETA). The samples were fully characterised (transmission...
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were synthesised and functionalised with triethylenetetramine (MSN-TETA). The samples were fully characterised (transmission electron microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, zeta potential and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms) and used as carriers for the adsorption of the antimicrobial drug sulphamethizole (SMZ). SMZ loading, quantified by UV-Vis spectroscopy, was higher on MSN-TETA (345.8 mg g) compared with bare MSN (215.4 mg g) even in the presence of a lower surface area (671 vs. 942 m g). The kinetics of SMZ adsorption on MSN and MSN-TETA followed a pseudo-second-order model. The adsorption isotherm is described better by a Langmuir model rather than a Temkin or Freundlich model. Release kinetics showed a burst release of SMZ from bare MSN samples (k = 136 h) in contrast to a slower release found with MSN-TETA (k = 3.04 h), suggesting attractive intermolecular interactions slow down SMZ release from MSN-TETA. In summary, the MSN surface area did not influence SMZ adsorption and release. On the contrary, the design of an effective drug delivery system must consider the intermolecular interactions between the adsorbent and the adsorbate.
Topics: Adsorption; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Kinetics; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Nanoparticles; Porosity; Silicon Dioxide; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Sulfamethizole; Trientine; X-Ray Diffraction
PubMed: 34299286
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147665 -
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Sep 2022Cyclodextrins (CDs) as a pseudophase in pseudophase-to-pseudophase microextraction (PME) in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) are proposed. In this PME mode called CD...
Cyclodextrins (CDs) as a pseudophase in pseudophase-to-pseudophase microextraction (PME) in capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) are proposed. In this PME mode called CD to admicelle ME, a long plug of dilute analyte solution prepared in cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) at the critical micellar concentration was injected into the capillary. This formed CTAB admicelles at the interface between the solution and the negatively charged capillary surface, where the analytes were trapped. The injection of CD solution released the admicelles and the analytes from the capillary surface due to the formation of stable CD/CTAB inclusion complexes. The analytes are concentrated at the CD front during injection and voltage separation. Various neutral CDs were found to be effective for CD to admicelle ME. To implement this in-line sample concentration technique in CZE, CD concentration, sample injection time, and sample:CD solution injection ratio were optimized. The optimized conditions for five model anionic analytes, namely, 4-bromophenol, sulindac, sulfamethizole, 4-vinylbenzoic acid, and succinylsulfathiazole, were 20 mM α-CD in 20 mM sodium tetraborate (pH 9.2) solution, sample injection time of 370 s, and CD:sample injection ratio of 1:2. The sensitivity enhancement factors (SEFs) were between 112 and 168. The SEFs of sulindac and sulfamethizole in particular were similar to previously published off-line microextraction techniques, which are typically time-consuming. The calculated values of LOQ, intra-/inter-day (n = 6/n = 10, 3 days) repeatability, and linearity (R) of CD to admicelle ME were 0.0125-0.05 µg/mL, 1.5-4.6%, 1.8-4.8%, and ≥0.999, respectively. Finally, the potential of CD to admicelle ME to the analysis of artificial urine samples was demonstrated.
Topics: Cetrimonium; Cyclodextrins; Electrophoresis, Capillary; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Sulfamethizole; Sulindac
PubMed: 35978220
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04230-0 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2018The increase in volume and variety of pharmaceuticals found in natural water bodies has become an increasingly serious environmental problem. The implementation of cold...
The increase in volume and variety of pharmaceuticals found in natural water bodies has become an increasingly serious environmental problem. The implementation of cold plasma technology, specifically gas-phase pulsed corona discharge (PCD), for sulfamethizole abatement was studied in the present work. It was observed that sulfamethizole is easily oxidized by PCD. The flow rate and pH of the solution have no significant effect on the oxidation. Treatment at low pulse repetition frequency is preferable from the energy efficiency point of view but is more time-consuming. The maximum energy efficiency was around 120 g/kWh at half-life and around 50 g/kWh at the end of the treatment. Increasing the solution temperature from room temperature to 50 °C led to a significant reaction retardation of the process and decrease in energy efficiency. The pseudo-first order reaction rate constant (k) grows with increase in pulse repetition frequency and does not depend on pH. By contrast, decreasing frequency leads to a reduction of the second order reaction rate constant (k). At elevated temperature of 50 °C, the k, k values decrease 2 and 2.9 times at 50 pps and 500 pps respectively. Lower temperature of 10 °C had no effect on oxidation efficiency compared with room temperature.
PubMed: 29880850
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27061-5 -
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Mar 2003Resistance to antibiotics used for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing worldwide. The impact of in vitro resistance on clinical outcome in...
Resistance to antibiotics used for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is increasing worldwide. The impact of in vitro resistance on clinical outcome in UTIs requires further study, since most studies of both humans and animals have evaluated only the efficacy of antibiotics toward bacteria susceptible in vitro. We were interested in evaluating the relationship between the in vitro antibacterial effect and the in vivo efficacy after antibiotic treatment. We simulated a natural ascending UTI by use of the ascending UTI mouse model and used Escherichia coli strains with various susceptibilities to amdinocillin (mecillinam) and sulfamethizole. Mice were treated for 3 days with antibiotic doses approximating human urinary tract concentrations after a standard oral dose. For a susceptible strain (MIC, 0.5 micro g/ml) and a resistant strain (MIC, 128 micro g/ml), respectively, there were significant reductions in bacterial counts in the urine, bladder, and kidneys after treatment with amdinocillin, whereas for a strain for which the MIC was 16 micro g/ml, there was a significant reduction in bacterial counts in the kidneys only (P < 0.05). Treatment with sulfamethizole resulted in a significant reduction in bacterial counts in all samples from a susceptible strain (MIC, 128 micro g/ml) and a resistant strain (MIC, 512 micro g/ml). Infection with a sulII gene-positive strain (MIC, >2,048 micro g/ml) could not be treated with sulfamethizole, as no effect could be demonstrated in the urine, bladder, or kidneys. For amdinocillin, there was no clear-cut relationship between the in vitro susceptibility and the in vivo outcome, while for sulfamethizole, we found a relationship between the MIC for the strain and the effect in the urinary tract.
Topics: Amdinocillin; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Area Under Curve; Colony Count, Microbial; Escherichia coli Infections; Female; Kidney; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Sulfamethizole; Urinary Bladder; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 12604534
DOI: 10.1128/AAC.47.3.1002-1009.2003 -
Medicine Sep 2016The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of Escherichia coli Escherichia coli (E coli) in female uncomplicated... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of Escherichia coli Escherichia coli (E coli) in female uncomplicated cystitis in Korea using meta-analysis.
METHODS
A cross-search of the literature was performed with MEDLINE for all relevant data published before October 2015 and EMBASE from 1980 to 2015, the Cochrane Library, KoreaMed, RISS, KISS, and DBPia were also searched. Observational or prospective studies that reported the prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of E coli were selected for inclusion. No language or time restrictions were applied. We performed a meta-analysis using a random effects model to quantify the prevalence of antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance of E coli.
RESULTS
Ten studies were eligible for the meta-analysis, which together included a total of 2305 women with uncomplicated cystitis. The overall resistance rate to antibiotics was 0.28 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25, 0.32). The pooled resistance rates were 0.08 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.11) for cephalosporin, 0.22 (95% CI: 0.18, 0.25) for fluoroquinolone (FQ), and 0.43 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.51) for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). Regression analysis showed that resistance to FQ is increasing (P = 0.014) and resistance to TMP/SMX is decreasing (P = 0.043) by year. The generation of cephalosporin was not a significant moderator of differences in resistance rate.
CONCLUSION
The resistance rate of FQ in Korea is over 20% and is gradually increasing. Although the resistance rate of TMP/SMX is over 40%, its tendency is in decreasing state. Antibiotic strategies used for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in Korea have to be modified.
Topics: Cystitis; Drug Combinations; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Republic of Korea; Sulfamethizole; Trimethoprim
PubMed: 27603359
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004663 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 1993Two dogs with systemic nocardiosis are presented and the pathobiology, diagnosis, and treatment of nocardial infections are discussed. Both dogs had nonspecific... (Review)
Review
Two dogs with systemic nocardiosis are presented and the pathobiology, diagnosis, and treatment of nocardial infections are discussed. Both dogs had nonspecific respiratory signs and depression. The diagnosis was made by isolation of the organism only after surgical drainage was established and appropriate tissues were cultured. The response to surgical drainage and antimicrobial therapy was dramatic in both dogs, but one dog experienced a drug reaction to trimethoprim-potentiated sulfonamide. Although systemic nocardial infections traditionally have had a grave prognosis, through early diagnosis, surgical intervention, and the use of newer, safer and synergistically acting antimicrobials, the prognosis has improved. This article reviews current human and veterinary literature regarding the microbiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of nocardiosis and reports on the successful treatment of systemic nocardiosis in two dogs.
Topics: Animals; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Male; Nocardia Infections; Nocardia asteroides; Prognosis; Radiography; Sulfamethizole; Trimethoprim
PubMed: 8455181
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.1993.tb03161.x -
Canadian Family Physician Medecin de... May 2006To review treatment recommendations for empiric therapy of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) in light of evolving antibiotic resistance and to consider use of... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To review treatment recommendations for empiric therapy of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI) in light of evolving antibiotic resistance and to consider use of guidelines to promote optimal practice.
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE
PubMed was searched and additional relevant references were identified by reviewing articles found in the search. Guidelines were identified through discussion with family practitioners. Level of evidence was assessed for recommendations.
MAIN MESSAGE
Many women have uUTIs. The treatment approach is usually empiric antimicrobial therapy without obtaining pretherapy cultures. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is standard first-line empiric treatment. While resistance to this drug is increasing, it remains only about 10% in community-acquired Escherichia coli in Canada. Concerns about increased resistance have contributed to greater use of fluoroquinolones, but widespread empiric use of this class of medications might promote resistance to fluoroquinolones. Hence, fluoroquinolones should not be considered first-line therapy. While guidelines for treatment of uUTIs have been developed, their usefulness is compromised by their conflicting recommendations.
CONCLUSION
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and nitrofurantoin remain first-choice empiric therapy for uUTIs. Development of guidelines relevant to family physicians and community education programs that incorporate local susceptibility patterns are important strategies for promoting optimal practice.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; Drug Combinations; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Female; Fluoroquinolones; Humans; Nitrofurantoin; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Sulfamethizole; Trimethoprim; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 16739835
DOI: No ID Found -
RSC Advances Oct 2020-Aryl sulfonamides belong to a highly important class of organosulfur compounds which are found in a number of FDA-approved drugs such as dofetilide, dronedarone,... (Review)
Review
-Aryl sulfonamides belong to a highly important class of organosulfur compounds which are found in a number of FDA-approved drugs such as dofetilide, dronedarone, ibutilide, sotalol, sulfadiazine, sulfamethizole, vemurafenib, and many more. There is therefore continuing interest in the development of novel and convenient protocols for the preparation of these pharmaceutically important compounds. Recently, direct sulfonamidation of (hetero)aromatic C-H bonds with easily available sulfonyl azides has emerged as an attractive and powerful strategy to access -(hetero)aryl sulfonamides where non-toxic nitrogen gas forms as the sole by-product. This review highlights recent advances and developments (2012-2020) in this fast growing research area with emphasis on the mechanistic features of the reactions.
PubMed: 35521237
DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04255b