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California and Western Medicine Apr 1941
PubMed: 18745896
DOI: No ID Found -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Oct 2023While the evolution of antimicrobial resistance is well studied in free-living bacteria, information on resistance development in dense and diverse biofilm communities...
While the evolution of antimicrobial resistance is well studied in free-living bacteria, information on resistance development in dense and diverse biofilm communities is largely lacking. Therefore, we explored how the social interactions in a duo-species biofilm composed of the brewery isolates and influence the adaptation to the broad-spectrum antimicrobial sulfathiazole. Previously, we showed that the competition between these brewery isolates enhances the antimicrobial tolerance of . Here, we found that this enhanced tolerance in duo-species biofilms is associated with a strongly increased antimicrobial resistance development in . Whereas was not able to evolve resistance against sulfathiazole in monospecies conditions, it rapidly evolved resistance in the majority of the duo-species communities. Although the initial presence of was thus required for to acquire resistance, the resistance mechanisms did not depend on the presence of . Whole genome sequencing of resistant clones showed no clear mutational hot spots. This indicates that the acquired resistance phenotype depends on complex interactions between low-frequency mutations in the genetic background of the strains. We hypothesize that the increased tolerance in duo-species conditions promotes resistance by enhancing the selection of partially resistant mutants and opening up novel evolutionary trajectories that enable such genetic interactions. This hypothesis is reinforced by experimentally excluding potential effects of increased initial population size, enhanced mutation rate, and horizontal gene transfer. Altogether, our observations suggest that the community mode of life and the social interactions therein strongly affect the accessible evolutionary pathways toward antimicrobial resistance.IMPORTANCEAntimicrobial resistance is one of the most studied bacterial properties due to its enormous clinical and industrial relevance; however, most research focuses on resistance development of a single species in isolation. In the present study, we showed that resistance evolution of brewery isolates can differ greatly between single- and mixed-species conditions. Specifically, we observed that the development of antimicrobial resistance in certain species can be significantly enhanced in co-culture as compared to the single-species conditions. Overall, the current study emphasizes the need of considering the within bacterial interactions in microbial communities when evaluating antimicrobial treatments and resistance evolution.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Biofilms; Bacteria; Phenotype; Sulfathiazoles; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 37819078
DOI: 10.1128/aem.01155-23 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Aug 2009The title compound, C(16)H(13)N(3)O(3)S(2), was prepared by reaction of salicylaldehyde and sulfathia-zole in methanol. The dihedral angle between the central benzene...
The title compound, C(16)H(13)N(3)O(3)S(2), was prepared by reaction of salicylaldehyde and sulfathia-zole in methanol. The dihedral angle between the central benzene ring and the thia-zole ring is 85.2 (2)° and that between the two benzene rings is 17.9 (2)°. An intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond generates an S(6) ring motif. In the crystal, mol-ecules are held together by inter-molecular N-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to the bc plane.
PubMed: 21577669
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809033704 -
Membranes Feb 2022Carbon nanodots (CNDs)-embedded pullulan (PUL) nanofibers were developed and successfully applied for sulfathiazole (STZ) removal from wastewater streams for the first...
Carbon nanodots (CNDs)-embedded pullulan (PUL) nanofibers were developed and successfully applied for sulfathiazole (STZ) removal from wastewater streams for the first time. The CNDs were incorporated into PUL at 0.0%, 1.0%, 2.0%, and 3.0% (/) to produce M1, M2, M3, and M4 nanofibers (PUL-NFs), respectively. The produced PUL-NFs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and applied for STZ removal from aqueous solutions through pH, kinetics, and equilibrium batch sorption trials. A pH range of 4.0-6.0 was observed to be optimal for maximum STZ removal. Pseudo-second order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich models were suitably fitted to kinetics adsorption data ( = 0.82-0.99), whereas Dubinin-Radushkevich, Freundlich, and Langmuir isotherms were fitted to equilibrium adsorption data ( 0.88-0.99). STZ adsorption capacity of PUL-NFs improved as the amount of embedded CNDs increased. Maximum STZ adsorption capacities of the synthesized PUL-NFs were in the order of: M4 > M3 > M2 > M1 (133.68, 124.27, 93.09, and 35.04 mg g, respectively). Lewis acid-base reaction and π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions were the key STZ removal mechanisms under an acidic environment, whereas H-bonding and diffusion were key under a basic environment. Therefore, CNDs-embedded PUL-NFs could be employed as an environmentally friendly, efficient, and non-toxic adsorbent to remove STZ from wastewater streams.
PubMed: 35207149
DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020228 -
Pharmaceutics Feb 2023Sulfathiazole is an antimicrobial belonging to the family of sulfonamides, which were the first antibiotics to be discovered. Sulfathiazole is generally administered...
Sulfathiazole is an antimicrobial belonging to the family of sulfonamides, which were the first antibiotics to be discovered. Sulfathiazole is generally administered orally, and its main disadvantage is that it has low aqueous solubility, requiring high doses for its administration. This fact has led to side effects and the generation of bacterial resistance to the drug over time. The improvement of its solubility would mean not having to administer such high doses in its treatment. At the same time, montmorillonite is a natural, low-cost, non-toxic, biocompatible clay with a high adsorption capacity. It is potentially useful as a nanocarrier to design sulfathiazole dosage forms. In this work, the interaction between the drug and the clay mineral has been studied from an experimental and computational atomistic point of view to improve the drug's biopharmaceutical profile. The results showed the potential enhancement of the drug solubility due to the correct adsorption of the sulfathiazole in the clay interlayer space. As a result of the inclusion of sulfathiazole in the interlayer of the clay mineral, the solubility of the drug increased by 220% concerning the pristine drug. Experimentally, it was not possible to know the number of drug molecules adsorbed in the interlayer space or the external surface of the carrier. Theoretical studies will enable the knowledge of the stoichiometry of the drug/clay hybrids, with three molecules in the interlayer space being the most favorable process. The resultant basal spacing was in agreement with the experimental results.
PubMed: 36839898
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020575 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) May 2021New Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes were synthesized with the Schiff base ligand obtained by the condensation of sulfathiazole with salicylaldehyde. Their...
New Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes were synthesized with the Schiff base ligand obtained by the condensation of sulfathiazole with salicylaldehyde. Their characterization was performed by elemental analysis, molar conductance, spectroscopic techniques (IR, diffuse reflectance and UV-Vis-NIR), magnetic moments, thermal analysis, and calorimetry (thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry), while their morphological and crystal systems were explained on the basis of powder X-ray diffraction results. The IR data indicated that the Schiff base ligand is tridentate coordinated to the metallic ion with two N atoms from azomethine group and thiazole ring and one O atom from phenolic group. The composition of the complexes was found to be of the [ML]∙nHO (M = Co, = 1.5 (1); M = Ni, = 1 (2); M = Cu, = 4.5 (3)) type, having an octahedral geometry for the Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes and a tetragonally distorted octahedral geometry for the Cu(II) complex. The presence of lattice water molecules was confirmed by thermal analysis. XRD analysis evidenced the polycrystalline nature of the powders, with a monoclinic structure. The unit cell volume of the complexes was found to increase in the order of (2) < (1) < (3). SEM evidenced hard agglomerates with micrometric-range sizes for all the investigated samples (ligand and complexes). EDS analysis showed that the N:S and N:M atomic ratios were close to the theoretical ones (1.5 and 6.0, respectively). The geometric and electronic structures of the Schiff base ligand 4-((2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino)--(thiazol-2-yl) benzenesulfonamide (HL) was computationally investigated by the density functional theory (DFT) method. The predictive molecular properties of the chemical reactivity of the HL and Cu(II) complex were determined by a DFT calculation. The Schiff base and its metal complexes were tested against some bacterial strains (, , , and ). The results indicated that the antibacterial activity of all metal complexes is better than that of the Schiff base.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cobalt; Copper; Nickel; Schiff Bases; Spectrum Analysis; Sulfathiazoles
PubMed: 34065538
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103062 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2019Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), sulfathiazole (STZ) and sulfamethazine (SMT) are typical sulfonamides, which are widespread in aqueous environments and have aroused great...
Sulfamethoxazole (SMZ), sulfathiazole (STZ) and sulfamethazine (SMT) are typical sulfonamides, which are widespread in aqueous environments and have aroused great concern in recent years. In this study, the photochemical oxidation of SMZ, STZ and SMT in their mixed solution using UV/HO process was innovatively investigated. The result showed that the sulfonamides could be completely decomposed in the UV/HO system, and each contaminant in the co-existence system fitted the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The removal of sulfonamides was influenced by the initial concentration of the mixed solution, the intensity of UV light irradiation, the dosage of HO and the initial pH of the solution. The increase of UV light intensity and HO dosage substantially enhanced the decomposition efficiency, while a higher initial concentration of mixed solution heavily suppressed the decomposition rate. The decomposition of SMZ and SMT during the UV/HO process was favorable under neutral and acidic conditions. Moreover, the generated intermediates of SMZ, STZ and SMT during the UV/HO process were identified in depth, and a corresponding degradation pathway was proposed.
Topics: Feasibility Studies; Hydrogen Peroxide; Kinetics; Oxidation-Reduction; Sulfamethazine; Sulfamethoxazole; Sulfathiazole; Ultraviolet Rays; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 31117187
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101797 -
ACS Omega Nov 2023A combined study using the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique and quantum chemical calculations was carried out to elucidate the adsorption behavior of...
A combined study using the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique and quantum chemical calculations was carried out to elucidate the adsorption behavior of sulfathiazole, an antibiotic drug, on gold nanoparticles. The tetrahedral Au cluster was used as a simple model to mimic a nanostructured gold surface. Computations using density functional theory with the PBE functional were performed in both the gas phase and aqueous medium using a continuum model. The drug is found to bind to the Au metals via the nitrogen of the thiazole ring. The interaction is also partially stabilized by the ring-surface π coupling rather than a sideway adsorption as previously proposed. In an aqueous solution, the drug molecule mainly exists as a deprotonated form, which gives rise to a much greater affinity toward Au nanoparticles as compared to the neutral forms. The drug adsorption further induces a significant alteration on the energy gap of the gold cluster Au, which could result in an electrical noise. Notable SERS signals below 1600 cm, which result from a coupling of several vibrations including the ring breathing, C-C stretching, and N-H bending, could be employed for both qualitative and quantitative detection and assessment of sulfathiazole at trace concentrations.
PubMed: 38027349
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01477 -
Microbiology Spectrum Dec 2022Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-density-dependent, intercellular communication system mediated by small diffusible signaling molecules. QS regulates a range of bacterial...
Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-density-dependent, intercellular communication system mediated by small diffusible signaling molecules. QS regulates a range of bacterial behaviors, including biofilm formation, virulence, drug resistance mechanisms, and antibiotic tolerance. Enzymes capable of degrading signaling molecules can interfere in QS-a process termed as quorum quenching (QQ). Remarkably, previous work reported some cases where enzymatic interference in QS was synergistic to antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The premise of combination therapy is attractive to fight against multidrug-resistant bacteria, yet comprehensive studies are lacking. Here, we evaluate the effects of QS signal disruption on the antibiotic resistance profile of P. aeruginosa by testing 222 antibiotics and antibacterial compounds from 15 different classes. We found compelling evidence that QS signal disruption does indeed affect antibiotic resistance (40% of all tested compounds; 89/222), albeit not always synergistically (not synergistic for 19% of compounds; 43/222). For some tested antibiotics, such as sulfathiazole and trimethoprim, we were able to relate the changes in resistance caused by QS signal disruption to the modulation of the expression of key genes of the folate biosynthetic pathway. Moreover, using a P. aeruginosa-based Caenorhabditis elegans killing model, we confirmed that enzymatic QQ modulates the effects of antibiotics on P. aeruginosa's pathogenicity . Altogether, these results show that signal disruption has profound and complex effects on the antibiotic resistance profile of P. aeruginosa. This work suggests that combination therapy including QQ and antibiotics should be discussed not globally but, rather, in case-by-case studies. Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-density-dependent communication system used by a wide range of bacteria to coordinate behaviors. Strategies pertaining to the interference in QS are appealing approaches to control microbial behaviors that depend on QS, including virulence and biofilms. Interference in QS was previously reported to be synergistic with antibiotics, yet no systematic assessment exists. Here, we evaluate the potential of combination treatments using the model opportunistic human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14. In this model, collected data demonstrate that QS largely modulates the antibiotic resistance profile of PA14 (for more than 40% of the tested drugs). However, the outcome of combination treatments is synergistic for only 19% of them. This research demonstrates the complex relationship between QS and antibiotic resistance and suggests that combination therapy including QS inhibitors and antibiotics should be discussed not globally but, rather, in case-by-case studies.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Proteins; Biofilms; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Quorum Sensing; Virulence Factors; Drug Resistance, Bacterial
PubMed: 36314960
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01269-22 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Apr 2014The sulfa-thia-zole mol-ecule in the title 1:1 co-crystal, C9H9N3O2S2·C18H12N6, adopts an approximate L-shape [dihedral angle between the five- and six-membered rings =...
The sulfa-thia-zole mol-ecule in the title 1:1 co-crystal, C9H9N3O2S2·C18H12N6, adopts an approximate L-shape [dihedral angle between the five- and six-membered rings = 86.20 (9)°] and features an intra-molecular hypervalent S⋯O inter-action [2.8666 (15) Å]. Overall, the triazine mol-ecule has the shape of a disk as the pendant pyridine rings are relatively close to coplanar with the central ring [dihedral angles = 18.35 (9), 6.12 (9) and 4.67 (9)°]. In the crystal packing, a linear supra-molecular chain aligned along [01-1] is formed as a result of amino-pyridyl N-H⋯N hydrogen bonding with syn-disposed pyridyl mol-ecules of one triazine, and amine-pyridyl N-H⋯N hydrogen bonding with the third pydridyl ring of a second triazine mol-ecule. A three-dimensional architecture arises as the chains are connected by C-H⋯O inter-actions.
PubMed: 24826120
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536814004838