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Journal of Occupational and... Nov 2017The aim of this study was to identify determinants of occupational sunburn in agricultural workers and assess their occupational and recreational sun protection habits.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to identify determinants of occupational sunburn in agricultural workers and assess their occupational and recreational sun protection habits.
METHODS
Specific surveys of agricultural workers in Switzerland and France were conducted (N = 1538). Multivariate logistic regressions identified occupational sunburn determinants. Occupational and recreational sun protection habits were estimated and correlated.
RESULTS
One-year occupational and recreational sunburn prevalences were 19.8% and 11.5%, respectively. Occupational sunburn increased with having a recent recreational sunburn, highly sensitive skin, young age, high perceived skin cancer risk, using sunscreen, and not wearing a hat. Correlation between protection habits during work and leisure was substantial (rs 0.5 to 0.7). Skin health knowledge was high and pro-tanning attitude moderate.
CONCLUSION
Potentially modifiable sunburn determinants and suboptimal recreational and occupational sun protection practices were identified in agricultural workers. Refining and tailoring sun protection messages targeting the agricultural sector are needed.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Agriculture; Female; France; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; Prevalence; Protective Clothing; Recreation; Skin Physiological Phenomena; Sunburn; Sunscreening Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Switzerland
PubMed: 28858909
DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001140 -
Journal of the European Academy of... Nov 2020Sun sensitivity is an inherent risk factor for skin cancer. Sun protection is important in sun-sensitive individuals to reduce sunburns for skin cancer prevention....
BACKGROUND
Sun sensitivity is an inherent risk factor for skin cancer. Sun protection is important in sun-sensitive individuals to reduce sunburns for skin cancer prevention. However, concerns have arose regarding the possible impact of sun protection on vitamin D deficiency.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the prevalence and correlates of sun-protective behaviours (staying in the shade, using sunscreen and wearing long sleeves) with sunburn and vitamin D deficiency in sun-sensitive individuals.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study of 2390 US non-Hispanic white adults aged 20-59 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014. Sun sensitivity was defined as self-reported tendency to severe sunburn when exposed to the sun for half an hour after months of non-sun exposure, and single serum 25(OH)D levels less than 50 nmol/L was determined as vitamin D deficiency. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) using multivariable logistic regression taking into account the complex survey design.
RESULTS
Sun-sensitive individuals had higher odds of frequently staying in the shade (aOR = 3.08; 95% CI 2.19-4.33) and using sunscreen (aOR = 1.93; 1.44-2.59) but not associated with sun exposure time (aOR = 0.91; 0.62-1.32). Yet, sun-sensitive individuals had significantly higher likelihood of sunburns (aOR = 1.93; 1.45-2.55), and no increased likelihood of vitamin D deficiency (aOR = 1.15; 0.84-1.58). Among sun-sensitive individuals, being younger, male and spending more time outdoors were associated with increased odds of sunburns and the risk of sunburn was reduced with frequently staying in the shade and engaging in multimodal sun protections.
CONCLUSION
Sun-sensitive individuals more frequently used sun protection methods yet they still were significantly more likely to experience sunburns and the risk of vitamin D deficiency was not increased. Education on proper application of sunscreen combined with other sun-protective techniques is important to reduce sunburn in sun-sensitive populations.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Behavior; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; Prevalence; Skin Neoplasms; Sunburn; Sunscreening Agents; Vitamin D Deficiency; Young Adult
PubMed: 32453868
DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16681 -
Actas Dermo-sifiliograficas Feb 2021The incidence of skin cancer in our society is growing at an alarming rate due to overexposure to solar UV radiation in recreational and occupational settings. The aim...
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The incidence of skin cancer in our society is growing at an alarming rate due to overexposure to solar UV radiation in recreational and occupational settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate sun exposure and protection attitudes, behaviors, and knowledge among mountain ultramarathon runners and to assess risk factors for sunburn in this population.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Cross-sectional survey of runners who participated in the «Gran Trail Aneto-Posets» race in Aragon, Spain. Using a validated questionnaire, we collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, running experience, sunburn in the previous summer, and sun exposure and protection behaviors. We calculated descriptive statistics and performed bivariate and multivariate analyses of associations using history of sunburn as the primary outcome. Statistical significance was set at a p level of less than 0.05.
RESULTS
We surveyed 657 runners (72.1% men) with a mean age of 39.71 years; 45.1% reported sunburn in the past year. The most common protective measures used were sunglasses (74.7%), sunscreen (sun protection factor ≥ 15) (61.9%), a hat (52.2%), and other protective clothing (7.4%). Risk factors for sunburn were younger age, low Fitzpatrick skin type (I and II), running for three or more hours a day, and staying in the shade as a protective measure. By contrast, protective factors were use of sunscreen and seeking shade rather than sun at midday (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Sunburn is common among long-distance mountain runners, despite what appears to be adequate sun protection knowledge and behaviors. Targeted strategies are needed to improve sun protection behaviors among mountain runners.
Topics: Adult; Altitude; Attitude to Health; Avoidance Learning; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Incidence; Male; Marathon Running; Prospective Studies; Protective Clothing; Risk Factors; Skin Pigmentation; Socioeconomic Factors; Spain; Sunbathing; Sunburn; Sunscreening Agents
PubMed: 33197435
DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.11.003 -
BMC Plant Biology Apr 2022Sunburn is common in pomegranate, and sunburned fruits have poor appearance and low marketability. However, the physiological and metabolic responses to sunburn and...
BACKGROUND
Sunburn is common in pomegranate, and sunburned fruits have poor appearance and low marketability. However, the physiological and metabolic responses to sunburn and their underlying molecular mechanisms in pomegranate fruit are little understood. Fruit of sunburn-sensitive cultivar 'Hongyushizi' was used to carry out physiological parameter detection and widely-targeted metabolomics and transcriptome study.
RESULTS
Malondialdehyde and relative conductivity increased with the severity of sunburn, which indicated increased membrane injury. Meanwhile, the content of antioxidants (total phenols and flavonoids), which reduce and repair membrane damage, increased and were accompanied by increases in total antioxidant capacity. In sunburned fruits compared with controls, 129 metabolites changed (including naringenin, pelargonidin and kaempferol) and 447 differentially expressed genes including CHI (Pgr25966.1), F3'5'H (Pgr26644.1), and CHS (Pgr005566.1) may have contributed to these changes. Transcription factors, such as NAC 5 (Pgr008725.1), MYB 93 (Pgr001791.1), and MYB 111 (Pgr027973.1) may be involved in phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis by regulating the CHI, F3'5'H, and CHS etc. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide insight into the sunburn mechanisms of pomegranate, and also into the genetic improvement of fruit sunburn.
Topics: Flavonoids; Fruit; Pomegranate; Sunburn; Transcriptome
PubMed: 35369864
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03534-8 -
Swiss Medical Weekly 2016Although solar overexposure during childhood and adolescence increases the risk of melanoma, determinants of sunburn and sun protective behaviours of Swiss children have...
AIMS OF THE STUDY
Although solar overexposure during childhood and adolescence increases the risk of melanoma, determinants of sunburn and sun protective behaviours of Swiss children have scarcely been explored. We investigated sunburn occurrence and sun protective behaviours of schoolchildren in western Switzerland, the region with the highest incidence of melanoma in Europe.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Self-reported questionnaires were administered during regular classes to pupils in 5th (primary school, n = 431), 8th and 11th grades (secondary school, n = 837) in the 18 public schools of La Chaux-de-Fonds. Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to assess predictors of sunburns and of three sun protective behaviours (sunscreen, shade, wear of covering clothes).
RESULTS
Response rate was 91%. Sunburn prevalence over the preceding year was high (60% at least one sunburn, 30% at least two, 43% at least one severe sunburn). Younger age, fair skin, regular sunscreen use, higher sun-related knowledge and preference for a tanned skin were predictors of sunburn. Sunscreen was the most used protective measure (69%), followed by seeking shade (33%) and wearing long-sleeved shirts (32%). Decline in all protective measures was observed in older pupils and those with pro-tan attitudes. The wear of covering clothes was significantly associated with sunscreen use and seeking shade. Parental encouragement favoured sunscreen use and wearing of protective clothes.
CONCLUSIONS
Sunscreen use as a last protective barrier against ultraviolet radiation should be better emphasised in prevention campaigns targeting children and adolescents. Multi-faceted interventions, including role models, parents and peers should help to improve children's sun protective behaviours.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Parents; Prevalence; Protective Clothing; Schools; Skin Neoplasms; Students; Sunburn; Sunlight; Sunscreening Agents; Surveys and Questionnaires; Switzerland; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 27878788
DOI: 10.4414/smw.2016.14370 -
Preventive Medicine May 2020The beach environment creates many barriers to effective sun protection, putting beachgoers at risk for sunburn, a well-established risk factor for skin cancer. Our...
The beach environment creates many barriers to effective sun protection, putting beachgoers at risk for sunburn, a well-established risk factor for skin cancer. Our objective was to estimate incidence of sunburn among beachgoers and evaluate the relationship between sunburn incidence and sun-protective behaviors. A secondary analysis, of prospective cohorts at 12 locations within the U.S. from 2003 to 2009 (n = 75,614), were pooled to evaluate sunburn incidence 10-12 days after the beach visit. Behavioral and environmental conditions were cross-tabulated with sunburn incidence. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between new sunburn and sun-protective behaviors. Overall, 13.1% of beachgoers reported sunburn. Those aged 13-18 years (16.5%), whites (16.0%), and those at beach locations along the Eastern Seaboard (16.1%), had the highest incidence of sunburn. For those spending ≥5 h in the sun, the use of multiple types of sun protection reduced odds of sunburn by 55% relative to those who used no sun protection (Odds Ratio = 0.45 (95% Confidence Interval:0.27-0.77)) after adjusting for skin type, age, and race. Acute health effects of sunburn tend to be mild and self-limiting, but potential long-term health consequences are more serious and costly. Efforts to encourage and support proper sun-protective behaviors, and increase access to shade, protective clothing, and sunscreen, can help prevent sunburn and reduce skin cancer risk among beachgoers.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Health Behavior; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Protective Clothing; Public Health; Skin Neoplasms; Sunburn; Sunlight; Sunscreening Agents; United States; Young Adult
PubMed: 32142856
DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106047 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2023
Topics: Humans; Sunscreening Agents; Face; Skin Neoplasms; Sunburn; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
PubMed: 38017696
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2284654 -
Annals of Behavioral Medicine : a... Jan 2020The positive association between physical activity and sunburn is a health behavior trade-off between the health benefits of physical activity and increased risk of skin...
BACKGROUND
The positive association between physical activity and sunburn is a health behavior trade-off between the health benefits of physical activity and increased risk of skin cancer.
PURPOSE
We assessed walking, which is a common source of physical activity, and the prevalence of sunburn.
METHODS
This research used the 2015 National Health Interview Survey of adults (N = 26,632), age ≥ 18 years. We defined four exclusive categories of walking: (a) those who reported not walking; (b) only transportation (to get some place, such as work, a store, or public transit stop); (c) only leisure (such as for fun, relaxation, or exercise); and (d) both categories. We estimated the adjusted prevalence of sunburn by walking category and separately for walking duration; we stratified by gender and sun sensitivity.
RESULTS
The adjusted sunburn prevalence was not different between walking categories for women, but it was for men. Specifically, prevalence was lower for men who reported not walking, 34.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 32.2%-36.1%) compared to 38.8% (95% CI: 36.5%-41.2%) who walked for both purposes (p = .003). Walking duration was not associated with sunburn prevalence.
CONCLUSION
We could not determine whether sunburn occurred during walking trips because the questions were not asked as such. However, the results suggest that walking, unlike leisure-time physical activity (such as exercise, sports, or physically active hobbies), may not generally be associated with sunburn, except for the higher sunburn prevalence for men who walked for both leisure and transportation purposes.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Skin Neoplasms; Sunburn; Transportation; Walking; Young Adult
PubMed: 31287553
DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaz028 -
British Journal of Cancer Mar 1985We investigated the relationship between cutaneous malignant melanoma and multiple sunburns in the Queensland population. Interview data were gathered from 236...
We investigated the relationship between cutaneous malignant melanoma and multiple sunburns in the Queensland population. Interview data were gathered from 236 case-control pairs concerning their lifetime experience of severe sunburns, their occupational and recreational sun exposure, and their skin type. Excluding the lentigo maligna melanoma subtype, an association between multiple sunburns and melanoma was evident. After controlling for other major risk factors there was a significant dose-response relationship (P less than 0.05): the estimated relative risk associated with 2-5 sunburns in life was 1.5, and with 6 or more was 2.4. This observation extends the hitherto circumstantial evidence of a causal relationship between exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation and melanoma, and suggests that precautionary measures could prevent the development of this disease in a proportion of cases in fair-skinned populations.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; Humans; Infant; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Risk; Skin Neoplasms; Sunburn
PubMed: 3970815
DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1985.53 -
The Gerontologist May 2019Skin cancer incidence rates are highest among U.S. older adults. However, little is known about sun protection behaviors and sunburn among adults aged 65 years and older.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Skin cancer incidence rates are highest among U.S. older adults. However, little is known about sun protection behaviors and sunburn among adults aged 65 years and older.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey to examine the association between sun protection behaviors (sun avoidance, wearing protective clothing, and sunscreen use) and likelihood of having experienced sunburn in the past year.
RESULTS
Just over one in ten older adults (13.2%) had experienced sunburn in the past year; sunburn prevalence was nearly twice as high (20.4%) among sun-sensitive older adults. Men, ages 65-69 years, non-Hispanic whites, and those with skin that burns or freckles after repeated sun exposure were more likely to have been sunburned in the past year compared with the respective comparison groups. The only sun protection behavior significantly associated with sunburn was sunscreen use. None of the sun protection behaviors were significantly associated with a decreased risk of sunburn.
DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS
The prevalence of sunburn among older adults suggests opportunities to reduce skin cancer risk within this demographic group by preventing overexposure to the sun. The lack of reduced sunburn risk among those who regularly used sun protection may be related to inadequate or inconsistent use of sun protection or the way the sun protection behaviors were measured. Multi-sector approaches to facilitate sun-safety among older adults are warranted and could include targeted efforts focused on those most likely to get sunburned, including men and those with sun-sensitive skin.
Topics: Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Behavior; Health Promotion; Humans; Likelihood Functions; Male; Protective Clothing; Skin Neoplasms; Sunburn; Sunscreening Agents
PubMed: 31100136
DOI: 10.1093/geront/gny173