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International Journal of Clinical... Jan 2014Supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to arise from multiple etiologies. These teeth may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt...
Supernumerary tooth is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to arise from multiple etiologies. These teeth may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the oral cavity. They can cause a variety of complications in the develo-ping dentition. Supernumerary teeth can present in various forms and in any region of the mandible or maxilla, but have a predisposition for the anterior maxilla. Here is the presentation of a case of unusual location of supernumerary teeth located in between mandibular first and second molar region bilaterally. How to cite this article: Dhull KS, Dhull RS, Panda S, Acharya S, Yadav S, Mohanty G. Bilateral Mandibular Paramolars. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(1):40-42.
PubMed: 25206236
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1231 -
International Journal of Dentistry 2018Supernumerary teeth in the premolar region, unlike other supernumeraries, occur more often in the mandible where they are generally of the supplemental type.... (Review)
Review
Supernumerary teeth in the premolar region, unlike other supernumeraries, occur more often in the mandible where they are generally of the supplemental type. Occasionally, they are conical or smaller than normal, particularly in the upper premolar regions. They might occur singly or in multiples, be erupted or impacted, but the majority have been found to be unerupted and asymptomatic. The prevalence of supernumerary teeth in the premolar region has been demonstrated to be between 0.01 and 1 percent depending on the population studied. Interestingly, populations from the East or Africa are known to be the most affected. Various theories have been suggested to explain the etiology of supernumerary teeth in general including both genetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, it has been suggested that supernumerary premolar teeth belong to a third (postpermanent) series, developing from extensions of the dental lamina. Several consequences can result from the presence of supernumerary premolars, especially in the mandible, such as cyst formation, transposition, and other clinical scenarios.
PubMed: 30631362
DOI: 10.1155/2018/6289047 -
BMC Oral Health Feb 2021The distribution of dental abnormalities among cleft patients concerning cleft type frequently poses ambiguity wherefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the...
BACKGROUND
The distribution of dental abnormalities among cleft patients concerning cleft type frequently poses ambiguity wherefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hypodontia and supernumerary teeth in an exemplary German cleft population dependent on the cleft type.
METHODS
Radiographs and dental records of cleft patients, which had been treated and followed up in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Campus, Dresden, Germany (investigation period of 22 years) were evaluated concerning hypodontia and supernumerary teeth dependent on the cleft type. Out of 386 records, 108 patients met the inclusion criteria: non-syndromic cleft of the alveolus with or without palate (CL/P), at least one clear panoramic x-ray, sufficient dental records. Statistical analysis was performed using x-square and binominal test (p ≤ 0.05).
RESULTS
Hypodontia was more frequent (54/50%) than supernumerary teeth (36/33.3%) and was more common in bilateral clefts of the lip and palate (BCLP) (70.1%) than in unilateral clefts of the lip and palate (UCLP) (51.6%) or clefts of the lip and alveolus (CLA) (34.5%) (p << 0.001). There was an average of 0.9 missing teeth per patient, thereof the upper lateral incisor was most often affected (23.2%). In contrast, supernumerary teeth were more frequent in CLA (51.7%; p = 0.014) than UCLP (29.0%) and BCLP patients (17.6%).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence for numerical dental anomalies was significantly different among the cleft types. Hypodontia significantly increased with the extend of the cleft, whereas the prevalence of supernumerary teeth decreased.
Topics: Anodontia; Cleft Lip; Cleft Palate; Germany; Humans; Palate; Prevalence; Tooth Abnormalities; Tooth, Supernumerary
PubMed: 33573652
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01420-7 -
Medical Archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and... Feb 2021Irregularities in the number of teeth can also occur in deciduous and in permanent dentition.
BACKGROUND
Irregularities in the number of teeth can also occur in deciduous and in permanent dentition.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this article is to report the case of a seven years old child and a 27 years old male patient affected by a numeric dental anomaly.
METHODS
This paper has shown the pathologic condition characterized by the presence of supernumerary tooth (mesiodens) and supernumerary canine as well as supplementary premolars in a non-syndromic patients. Clinical and instrumental examinations were made to perform a correct orthodontic examination and diagnosis. A young patient was affected by numeric dental anomaly in the upper jaw. An adult patient was affected by numeric anomaly in both jaws, supplementary premolars in lower jaw and a supernumerary canine in lower and upper jaw.
DISCUSSION
The aim of surgical-orthodontic treatment was extraction of the erupted supernumerary teeth to obtain the physiologic eruption and placement of the permanent ones.
CONCLUSION
Therapy of supernumerary/ supplementary teeth is the extraction. But also, an excess tooth in the dentition can be left as a replacement tooth, due to a previously lost permanent tooth from the dentition, if its biological value and potential is sufficient to complete the dentition both functionally and aesthetically.
Topics: Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Orthodontics, Corrective; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Supernumerary; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34012205
DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2021.75.78-81 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2022Supernumerary teeth are considered one of the commonly observed dental anomalies in children. Several theories have been proposed to explain the presence of...
BACKGROUND
Supernumerary teeth are considered one of the commonly observed dental anomalies in children. Several theories have been proposed to explain the presence of supernumerary teeth, including environmental and genetic factors. This study aimed to identify the different risk factors and molecular biomarkers in patients presented with supernumerary teeth.
METHODS
This case-control study included 240 children, 6 to 12-year-old. They were divided into a test group (n = 120 children presented with supernumerary teeth) and a control group (n = 120 children with no supernumerary teeth). Questionnaires were distributed to assess demographics and exposure to several environmental factors. Ten extracted supernumerary teeth from the test group were processed for histopathological analysis.
RESULTS
Male gender, dental history of severe oral infection or medical history of chemotherapy treatment, previous history of taking medication or illness during pregnancy, family history of neoplastic disorders, use of electronic devices, and living beside agricultural fields or industrial areas were found to be statistically significant associated with the risk of supernumerary teeth development. Immunohistochemistry panel revealed that supernumerary teeth showed enhanced expression of wingless (Wnt) and sonic hedgehog (SHH) proteins as well as a reduced expression of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein, denoting molecular derangement in a group of pathways classically believed to be involved in its pathogenesis.
CONCLUSIONS
Males were more frequently affected by supernumerary teeth than females. Several risk factors were notably correlated with the existence of supernumerary teeth. Additionally, molecular biomarkers assessment demonstrated a high expression level of pro-tumorigenic proteins such as Wnt and SHH in patients with supernumerary teeth.
Topics: Biomarkers; Case-Control Studies; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Risk Factors; Tooth, Supernumerary
PubMed: 35397562
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02151-z -
Size of supernumerary teats in sheep correlates with complexity of the anatomy and microenvironment.Journal of Anatomy May 2020Supernumerary nipples or teats (polythelia) are congenital accessory structures that may develop at any location along the milk line and have been implicated in the...
Supernumerary nipples or teats (polythelia) are congenital accessory structures that may develop at any location along the milk line and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of mastitis. We describe the anatomy and histology of 27 spontaneously occurring supernumerary teats from 16 sheep, delineating two groups of teats - simple and anatomically complex - according to the complexity of the anatomy and microenvironment. Anatomically complex supernumerary teats exhibited significantly increased length and barrel diameter compared with simple supernumerary teats. A teat canal and/or teat cistern was present in anatomically complex teats, with smooth muscle fibres forming a variably well-organised encircling teat sphincter. Complex supernumerary teats also exhibited immune cell infiltrates similar to those of normal teats, including lymphoid follicle-like structures at the folds of the teat cistern-teat canal junction, and macrophages that infiltrated the peri-cisternal glandular tissue. One complex supernumerary teat exhibited teat end hyperkeratosis. These anatomical and histological features allow inference that supernumerary teats may be susceptible to bacterial ingress through the teat canal and we hypothesise that this may be more likely in those teats with less well-organised encircling smooth muscle. The teat cistern of anatomically complex teats may also constitute a focus of milk accumulation and thus a possible nidus for bacterial infection, potentially predisposing to mastitis. We suggest that size of the supernumerary teat, and relationship to the main teats, particularly in the case of 'cluster teats', should be considerations if surgical removal is contemplated.
Topics: Animals; Female; Mammary Glands, Animal; Mastitis; Nipples; Sheep
PubMed: 31898326
DOI: 10.1111/joa.13149 -
Genesis (New York, N.Y. : 2000) Apr 2011Despite advances in the knowledge of tooth morphogenesis and differentiation, relatively little is known about the aetiology and molecular mechanisms underlying... (Review)
Review
Despite advances in the knowledge of tooth morphogenesis and differentiation, relatively little is known about the aetiology and molecular mechanisms underlying supernumerary tooth formation. A small number of supernumerary teeth may be a common developmental dental anomaly, while multiple supernumerary teeth usually have a genetic component and they are sometimes thought to represent a partial third dentition in humans. Mice, which are commonly used for studying tooth development, only exhibit one dentition, with very few mouse models exhibiting supernumerary teeth similar to those in humans. Inactivation of Apc or forced activation of Wnt/β(catenin signalling results in multiple supernumerary tooth formation in both humans and in mice, but the key genes in these pathways are not very clear. Analysis of other model systems with continuous tooth replacement or secondary tooth formation, such as fish, snake, lizard, and ferret, is providing insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying succesional tooth development, and will assist in the studies on supernumerary tooth formation in humans. This information, together with the advances in stem cell biology and tissue engineering, will pave ways for the tooth regeneration and tooth bioengineering.
Topics: Adenomatous Polyposis Coli; Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; Animals; Cleidocranial Dysplasia; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Models, Biological; Prevalence; Species Specificity; Syndrome; Tooth, Supernumerary; Wnt Proteins
PubMed: 21309064
DOI: 10.1002/dvg.20715 -
La Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica :... Jun 2017Polyorchidism is an anomaly characterized by more than two gonads; triorchidism is the most common variant. Its management is controversial, mostly when surgical...
Polyorchidism is an anomaly characterized by more than two gonads; triorchidism is the most common variant. Its management is controversial, mostly when surgical treatment is occasional. CB, 14 year-old, came to the hospital due to right-sided testicular torsion. During surgery, testis was rotated and the contralateral testis, which presented as an anatomically continuum with a gonadic structure similar to the other testes but with a smaller diameter, was fixed. We performed biopsy on both left testes and decided to preserve the supernumerary one. Following the anatomic and functional classification of polyorchidism by Singer, preservation is justified on the grounds of the presence of a supernumerary testis that drains into the epididymis of the normal testis, merging into one single deferent duct (Singer Type 1). At biopsy, both testes had a valid spermatogenic asset. The diagnostic follow-up at 6 and 12 months did not show any pathological alteration. Diagnosis of polyorchidism is occasional. Its treatment varies depending on the site, dimension, and anatomy of the drainage system of the supernumerary testis. If the supernumerary testis is preserved, a standardized diagnostic follow-up is recommended.
Topics: Adolescent; Biopsy; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Spermatic Cord Torsion; Testis
PubMed: 28673075
DOI: 10.4081/pmc.2017.141 -
Swiss Dental Journal 2016Proper localization of supernumerary teeth is very important for the diagnosis, treatment planning, and prior to any surgical intervention. Traditionally, supernumerary... (Review)
Review
Proper localization of supernumerary teeth is very important for the diagnosis, treatment planning, and prior to any surgical intervention. Traditionally, supernumerary teeth were diagnosed and located using two-dimensional (2D) radiographic methods such as panoramic views, cephalometric imaging, and also intraoral (also often occlusal) radiographs. With the introduction of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in dental medicine, this three-dimensional (3D) imaging technique is now more and more used for the exact localisation of supernumerary teeth and the diagnosis of root resorption of adjacent teeth. Treatment planning depends on various factors such as the time of diagnosis, the age of the patient, the position of the supernumerary tooth and possible complications. In the present second part of this review article on supernumerary teeth in the maxilla and mandible, the diagnostic workflow and current treatment concepts will be presented and critically discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Combined Modality Therapy; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Interdisciplinary Communication; Male; Mandible; Maxilla; Orthodontics, Corrective; Radiography, Dental; Radiography, Panoramic; Tooth Extraction; Tooth, Supernumerary; Tooth, Unerupted
PubMed: 27023707
DOI: No ID Found -
Imaging Science in Dentistry Dec 2022Supernumerary teeth that are present in the molar region may be evident based on crowding and impaction, but most cases are asymptomatic and discovered as incidental...
Supernumerary teeth that are present in the molar region may be evident based on crowding and impaction, but most cases are asymptomatic and discovered as incidental findings during routine radiological examinations. This article reports the case of a 29-year-old woman who presented with a severe feeling of pressure in the region of the maxillary third molars that had been increasing in intensity for weeks. A clinical examination revealed crowding of the maxillary anterior teeth despite the completion of orthodontic treatment and an erupted third molar with localized gingivitis in the second quadrant. A radiographic examination revealed bilateral supernumerary maxillary fourth and fifth molars, so cone-beam computed tomography was performed to locate the supernumerary teeth precisely for a preoperative diagnosis and comprehensive treatment planning. This report presents the radiological and surgical case management of a rare case of bilateral supernumerary molars and reviews the literature regarding epidemiology and treatment options.
PubMed: 36605862
DOI: 10.5624/isd.20220124