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Cancers Jan 2022Cutaneous sweat gland tumors are a subset of adnexal neoplasms that derive or differentiate into the sweat apparatus. Their great diversity, rarity, and complex... (Review)
Review
Cutaneous sweat gland tumors are a subset of adnexal neoplasms that derive or differentiate into the sweat apparatus. Their great diversity, rarity, and complex terminology make their pathological diagnosis challenging. Recent findings have revealed a wide spectrum of oncogenic drivers, several of which are of diagnostic interest for pathologists. Most of these molecular alterations are represented by gene fusions, which are shared with other homologous neoplasms occurring in organs containing exocrine glands, such as salivary and breast glands, which show similarities to the sweat apparatus. This review aims to provide a synthesis of the most recent immunohistochemical and molecular markers used for the diagnosis of sweat gland tumors and to highlight their relationship with similar tumors in other organs. It will cover adenoid cystic carcinoma (, and fusion), cutaneous mixed tumor ( fusion), cylindroma and spiradenoma and their carcinomas thereof (NF-κB activation through inactivation or hotspot mutation), hidradenoma and hidradenocarcinoma ( fusion), myoepithelioma ( and fusion), poroma and porocarcinoma (, and fusion), secretory carcinoma (, fusion), tubular adenoma and syringo-cystadenoma papilliferum ( and activating mutations). Sweat gland tumors for which there are no known molecular abnormalities will also be briefly discussed, as well as potential future developments.
PubMed: 35158743
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030476 -
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical... 2022Syringomas on the vulvar skin are relatively rare and generally bilateral. They are usually asymptomatic but can be symptomatic, with vulvar discomfort, burning, and/or...
Syringomas on the vulvar skin are relatively rare and generally bilateral. They are usually asymptomatic but can be symptomatic, with vulvar discomfort, burning, and/or pruritus. Management options include topical steroids, topical retinoids, and oral antihistamines. Cases refractory to conservative treatment may require procedural intervention, such as cryotherapy, excision, or electrosurgery. Here we describe a case of symptomatic vulvar syringomas refractory to medical management that were successfully treated with electrodessication and curettage.
PubMed: 34970057
DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2021.1977076 -
Dermatology Online Journal Sep 2017Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant of syringoma, benign neoplasms of the eccrine sweat ducts that appear on the face, neck, chest, and axillae of predominately Asian...
Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant of syringoma, benign neoplasms of the eccrine sweat ducts that appear on the face, neck, chest, and axillae of predominately Asian and African American women before or during puberty [1, 2]. Lesions appear as small skin-colored or slightly pigmented, flat-topped papules [2]. The condition can be cosmetically disfiguring and difficult to treat, especially in dark-skinned patients. The investigators report a 52-year old Guyanese woman who presented with widespread, chronic, non-pruritic and nontender, skin-colored papules that arose approximately 20 years earlier. A punch biopsy of affected skin was obtained and the histological diagnosis was eruptive syringoma. The patient pursued no further treatment, after discussion of costs and risks.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Sweat Gland Neoplasms; Syringoma
PubMed: 29469728
DOI: No ID Found -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2019Palpebral hidrocystomas are benign tumors also known as cystic apocrine adenoma, cyst of sweat gland, apocrine retention cyst or cyst of Moll. They originate from...
Palpebral hidrocystomas are benign tumors also known as cystic apocrine adenoma, cyst of sweat gland, apocrine retention cyst or cyst of Moll. They originate from eccrine or apocrine sweat glands and often occur on the face and the eyelids. Other atypical locations such as the chest, the shoulders and the foreskin have been reported. Hidrocystoma is a small translucent, shiny cyst. It appears as single or multiple cystic lesion. Their histogenesis is uncertain. Indeed, apocrine hidrocystoma could arise from the residuals of the primitive apocrine glands or of the gland of Moll. The eccrine hidrocystoma could arise from the eccrine glands or the excretory duct of the glands of Moll. Their clinical differentiation is little obvious and diagnosis is based on histological examination. They are characterized by two clinical presentations: isolated hidrocystomas and the associated types. Isolated hidrocystoma is the most common type: hidrocystoma appears as single or multiple cystic lesions and it is not associated with extraocular signs. Apocrine hidrocystomas are solitary in 93% of cases while eccrine hidrocystomas appear most often as multiple lesions. The associated types are more rare and have been only described for the multiple hidrocystomas. If in the majority of cases a treatment based on argon laser is sufficient, more voluminous hidrocystomas require surgical resection. We here report the case of a young patient presenting with translucent nodule in the external canthus of the left eye. Hidrocystoma, molluscum pendulum and syringoma were the suspected diagnoses. Surgical resection was performed as well as histologic examination which confirmed the diagnosis of hidrocystoma.
Topics: Eyelid Neoplasms; Eyelids; Female; Hidrocystoma; Humans; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 31448032
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.33.70.15601 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2019
PubMed: 31312306
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.32.194.16161 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology Sep 2013
PubMed: 24082232
DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.117369 -
Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Sep 2016Chondroid syringoma is a rare mixed tumor of the skin which is composed of both mesenchymal and epithelial cells. Its incidence at less than 0.1% and is frequently...
Chondroid syringoma is a rare mixed tumor of the skin which is composed of both mesenchymal and epithelial cells. Its incidence at less than 0.1% and is frequently located on the head and neck. Chondroid syringoma is easily confused with epidermal cysts. Since malignant forms of chondroid syringoma have been reported, accurate and timely diagnosis is important for proper management. We report clinical and histological features of chondroid syringoma in 5 patients treated at our institution. In most of the cases, chondroid syringoma presented as a round, firm, nodular or cystic lesion that had well marginated heterogeneity in sonography. Clinically, all of the lesions were removed by simple excision. Microscopically, all five tumors were well circumscribed and consisted of epithelial, myoepithelial, and stromal components. The epithelial component formed tubules lined by one or more rows of eosinophilic epithelial cells. The outer layer of tubules appeared to be flattened myoepithelial cells. The stroma is myxoid and contained spindle shaped myoepithelial cells. We expect that the clinical, sonographic, and histological data from our report may help clinicians who are confronted with various kinds of analogous facial lesions to decide the most proper management for their patients.
PubMed: 28913278
DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2016.17.3.173 -
Singapore Medical Journal Feb 2008Pleomorphic adenoma, or chondroid syringoma (CS), is a rare, benign, skin appendageal tumour. Because of the unremarkable clinical presentation of this rare tumour, the...
Pleomorphic adenoma, or chondroid syringoma (CS), is a rare, benign, skin appendageal tumour. Because of the unremarkable clinical presentation of this rare tumour, the diagnosis is made on microscopic examination. The usual presentation is of an asymptomatic, slowly-growing mass, typically located in the head and neck region. We present a case of a CS located over the forehead of a 32-year-old man. In the evaluation of a middle-aged male patient with a small cutaneous nodule in the head and neck region, chondroid syringoma should also be considered in the differential diagnosis. For such a lesion, excisional biopsy, without destroying the aesthetic and functional structures, is the preferred diagnostic, as well as therapeutic approach.
Topics: Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Adult; Forehead; Humans; Male; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 18301822
DOI: No ID Found