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Neurologic Clinics May 2022Chiari Malformation Type I (CMI) is a congenital malformation diagnosed by MRI findings of at least 5 mm of cerebellar ectopy below the foramen magnum. CM1 is... (Review)
Review
Chiari Malformation Type I (CMI) is a congenital malformation diagnosed by MRI findings of at least 5 mm of cerebellar ectopy below the foramen magnum. CM1 is frequently associated with syringomyelia. Herein, we discuss the history of CMI and syringomyelia, including early pathological and surgical studies. We also describe recent investigations into the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of CMI and their practical implications on management and surgical intervention. We also highlight the recent development of the Common Data Elements for CMI, providing a framework for ongoing investigations. Finally, we discuss current controversies of surgical management in CMI.
Topics: Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Foramen Magnum; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Syringomyelia
PubMed: 35465876
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2021.11.007 -
Neurologia Jun 2019Much has been published on syringomyelia related to Chiari malformation. In contrast, little is known about the condition when it is not associated with this... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Much has been published on syringomyelia related to Chiari malformation. In contrast, little is known about the condition when it is not associated with this malformation, but this presentation of syringomyelia constitutes a different entity and therefore requires specific management. We conducted a literature review to summarise the most accepted and widespread ideas about the pathophysiology, management and other aspects of syringomyelia unrelated to Chiari malformation.
DEVELOPMENT
We reviewed the most relevant literature on this condition, focusing on the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Syringomyelia unrelated to Chiari malformation is a distinct entity that must be well understood to guarantee correct diagnosis, monitoring, and management. When the disease is suspected, a thorough study should be conducted to identify its aetiology. Treatment must aim to eliminate the cause of the disease; symptomatic treatment should remain a second-line option.
Topics: Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Postoperative Complications; Syringomyelia; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27939111
DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.09.010 -
The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine Nov 2017Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that can lead to significant neurological impairment and reduced quality of life. Despite advancements in our... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that can lead to significant neurological impairment and reduced quality of life. Despite advancements in our understanding of the pathophysiology and secondary injury mechanisms involved in SCI, there are currently very few effective treatments for this condition. The field, however, is rapidly changing as new treatments are developed and key discoveries are made.
METHODS
In this review, we outline the pathophysiology, management, and long-term rehabilitation of individuals with traumatic SCI. We also provide an in-depth overview of emerging therapies along the spectrum of the translational pipeline.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
The concept of "time is spine" refers to the concept which emphasizes the importance of early transfer to specialized centers, early decompressive surgery, and early delivery of other treatments (e.g. blood pressure augmentation, methylprednisolone) to affect long-term outcomes. Another important evolution in management has been the recognition and prevention of the chronic complications of SCI including respiratory compromise, bladder dysfunction, Charcot joints, and pressure sores through directed interventions along with early integration of physical rehabilitation and mobilization. There have also been significant advances in neuroprotective and neuroregenerative strategies for SCI, many of which are actively in clinical trial including riluzole, Cethrin, stem cell transplantation, and the use of functional electrical stimulation.
CONCLUSION
Pharmacologic treatments, cell-based therapies, and other technology-driven interventions will likely play a combinatorial role in the evolving management of SCI as the field continues to evolve.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Neuralgia; Neurological Rehabilitation; Postoperative Complications; Spinal Cord Injuries; Spinal Fusion; Syringomyelia; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic
PubMed: 28571527
DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2017.1329076 -
Neurology India 2022
Topics: Humans; Syringomyelia; Scoliosis; Arnold-Chiari Malformation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 36352639
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.359263 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2022
Topics: Anal Canal; Digestive System Abnormalities; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Meningocele; Rectum; Sacrum; Syringomyelia
PubMed: 35519164
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.143.33419 -
Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria Dec 2017Many myths and legends have had a deep influence on modern language, and on modern medical vernacular. The terms "syrinx" and "panic"are two of the most characteristic...
Many myths and legends have had a deep influence on modern language, and on modern medical vernacular. The terms "syrinx" and "panic"are two of the most characteristic examples and their use in neurology and other specialties is well known. This article reviews the history of these words in Greek mythology and their use in modern medicine. It is known by very few that clinical symptoms or conditions, such as syringomyelia and panic attacks, have a mythological origin in their definition and naming.
Topics: Greece; Humans; Mythology; Panic; Syringomyelia; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 29236893
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X20170140 -
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and... Sep 1985A woman with syringobulbia and syringomyelia and her sister with syringomyelia are described. The diagnosis was confirmed radiologically and surgically in the first...
A woman with syringobulbia and syringomyelia and her sister with syringomyelia are described. The diagnosis was confirmed radiologically and surgically in the first sister and no other definite abnormalities of her craniocervical junction were found.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Syringomyelia
PubMed: 4045487
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.48.9.936 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Feb 2023The prognosis of syringomyelia is not yet established. Syringomyelia derived from different etiologies contributes to similar symptoms.
BACKGROUND
The prognosis of syringomyelia is not yet established. Syringomyelia derived from different etiologies contributes to similar symptoms.
OBJECTIVE
Assess the syringomyelia in our medical institutes and describe the etiologies and clinical appearance of the disorder. And identify the predictors of a good outcome and to find the most suitable timing of surgical intervention according to our results.
METHODS
This retrospective cohort study used databases in our hospitals to analyze 70 cases of syringomyelia between 1997 and 2014. All available information was obtained from medical records and radiological reports. We used American Spinal Injuries Association disability scores (ASIA scores), the modified Nurick classification system, and recorded the number of days the patient was hospitalized, for neurological and functional assessment. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between clinical factors and outcomes.
RESULTS
Non-communicating syringomyelia was the most common type of syringomyelia. In univariate analysis, autonomic dysfunction and motor impairment were strong predictors of poor neurological and functional outcomes. In addition to the above factors, syrinxes at the cervical level predicted better functional outcomes than at any spinal level in multivariate analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Motor impairment, which is commonly seen in patients with syringomyelia in Taiwan, is a strong predictor to poor neurological and functional outcomes. Our study indicates that patients without autonomic dysfunction or motor impairment should receive timely surgical intervention to prevent symptomatic deterioration. We also found that cervical syringomyelia in particular has the potential for good functional recovery after adequate intervention.
Topics: Humans; Syringomyelia; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Postoperative Complications; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 35868963
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.06.150 -
Journal of Neurosurgery. Spine Aug 2014
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Subarachnoid Space; Syringomyelia
PubMed: 25221803
DOI: No ID Found -
European Neurology 2005
Topics: History, 16th Century; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, Ancient; Humans; Syringes; Syringomyelia; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 16401904
DOI: 10.1159/000090723