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Journal of Spine Surgery (Hong Kong) Mar 2020Tantalum is a porous metal, whose elastic modulus, high frictional properties and biocompatibility make it an ideal construct to facilitate adequate bony fusion in spine... (Review)
Review
Tantalum is a porous metal, whose elastic modulus, high frictional properties and biocompatibility make it an ideal construct to facilitate adequate bony fusion in spine surgery. Since 2015, the published literature on clinical outcomes of tantalum in spine surgery has more than doubled. A review of the literature was performed on the PubMed (MEDLINE) database on January 27, 2019, for papers pertinent to the use of tantalum metal in spine surgery. Thirteen studies were included in this review. For cervical spine, we found increased fusion rates in autograft alone compared to tantalum standalone (92.8% . 89.0%, P=0.001) and tantalum cages plus autograft (92.8% . 64.8%, P<0.0001). Complication rates in cervical fusion were lower in patients treated with tantalum standalone versus those treated with autograft (7.4% . 13.7%, P<0.0001), and autograft and anterior plate (7.4% . 33%, P=0.001). Autograft patients had higher rates of revision surgery compared to tantalum standalone (12.8% . 2.8%, P<0.0001) and tantalum ring with autograft (12.8% . 7.7%, P<0.001). For lumbar spine, we found autograft had lower fusion rate compared to tantalum standalone (80.0% . 93.4%, P<0.0001). Use of tantalum metal in spine fusion surgery shows promising results in fusion, complication and revision rates, and clinical outcomes compared to autograft. Although, fusion rates in short-term studies evaluating tantalum in the cervical spine are conflicting, long-term series beyond 2 years show excellent results. This early finding may be related difficulties in radiographic evaluation of fusion in the setting of tantalum cage use. Further studies are needed to further delineate the timing of fusion with the implementation of tantalum in the cervical and lumbar spine.
PubMed: 32309647
DOI: 10.21037/jss.2020.01.01 -
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis 2014For centuries, inflammatory/foreign body reactions have plagued the attempts of clinicians to use metals for tissue and bone reconstructions. Since corrosion contributes... (Review)
Review
For centuries, inflammatory/foreign body reactions have plagued the attempts of clinicians to use metals for tissue and bone reconstructions. Since corrosion contributes to the rejection of metal by the body, an extremely bioinert metal - tantalum - has been successfully used in medicine. The outstanding biocompatibility and flexibility of tantalum established the basis for a growing cadre of clinical applications. One important application which benefited from the introduction of powder (particle) metallurgy is use of tantalum as bone implants. Porous materials have re-shaped the landscape of bone implants, as they allow for bone ingrowth and biological fixation, and eliminate implant loosening and related treatment failures. The unique bone-mimicking properties of porous tantalum enabled the use of tantalum as a material for bulk implants, and not only for coatings, as is the case with other porous metals. Moreover, porous tantalum also facilitates the ingrowth of soft tissue, including the formation of blood vessels that were found to assemble on the surface and within the structure of the porous tantalum. Also, since tantalum is strongly radiopaque due its high atomic number, this property is widely employed for marking in orthopedics and in endovascular medical devices. Another important development was the production of nanoparticles based on tantalum. These particles have been shown to be superior to iodinated contrast agents for blood pool imaging applications due to their longer circulation time. Their properties are similar to gold nanoparticles, but are far more cost-effective, and thus, well-positioned to replace gold in regenerative medicine for labeling and tracking of cell grafts through x-ray-based imaging. However, the amount of tantalum nanoparticles that can be taken up by stem cells is not enough to make individual cells visible in x-ray images. Thus, alternative strategies are needed, such as hydrogel or nanofiber scaffolds, which can be loaded with higher concentrations of nanoparticles, to increase the precision of cell deposition and allow tracking under x-ray guidance.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Nanoparticles; Oxides; Regeneration; Tantalum
PubMed: 24993628
DOI: 10.55782/ane-2014-1984 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2022After bone defects reach a certain size, the body can no longer repair them. Tantalum, including its porous form, has attracted increasing attention due to good... (Review)
Review
After bone defects reach a certain size, the body can no longer repair them. Tantalum, including its porous form, has attracted increasing attention due to good bioactivity, biocompatibility, and biomechanical properties. After a metal material is implanted into the body as a medical intervention, a series of interactions occurs between the material's surface and the microenvironment. The interaction between cells and the surface of the implant mainly depends on the surface morphology and chemical composition of the implant's surface. In this context, appropriate modification of the surface of tantalum can guide the biological behavior of cells, promote the potential of materials, and facilitate bone integration. Substantial progress has been made in tantalum surface modification technologies, especially nano-modification technology. This paper systematically reviews the progress in research on tantalum surface modification for the first time, including physicochemical properties, biological performance, and surface modification technologies of tantalum and porous tantalum.
PubMed: 36177183
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.983695 -
IUCrData Dec 2022The reaction of (η:η-2,3,4,5-tetra-methyl-penta-fulvene)tantalum(V) dicarbazolide chloride () with etheric HCl results in the formation of the title compound (),...
The reaction of (η:η-2,3,4,5-tetra-methyl-penta-fulvene)tantalum(V) dicarbazolide chloride () with etheric HCl results in the formation of the title compound (), [Ta(CH)(CHN)Cl]. The Ta atom has a distorted tetra-hedral coordination environment in a three-legged piano-stool fashion. The conformation of the penta-fulvene exocyclic C atom to the three other ligands is staggered and not eclipsed, as found in the crystal structure of . Inter-molecular inter-actions include π-π stacking, H⋯π inter-actions and weak C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.
PubMed: 36628193
DOI: 10.1107/S2414314622012019 -
European Journal of Vascular and... Apr 2021
Topics: Adult; Aneurysm, False; Aneurysm, Ruptured; Drug Combinations; Embolization, Therapeutic; Female; Foreign-Body Migration; Humans; Intermittent Claudication; Lumbosacral Region; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Polyvinyls; Tantalum; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33583705
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2021.01.011 -
World Journal of Orthopedics Apr 2021Today, biological fixation of uncemented press-fit acetabular components plays an important role in total hip arthroplasty. Long-term stable fixation of these implants...
BACKGROUND
Today, biological fixation of uncemented press-fit acetabular components plays an important role in total hip arthroplasty. Long-term stable fixation of these implants depends on the osseointegration of the acetabular cup bone tissue into the acetabular cup implant, and their ability to withstand functional loads.
AIM
To compare the strength of bone-implant osseointegration of four types of porous metal implants in normal and osteoporotic bone in rabbits.
METHODS
The study was performed in 50 female California rabbits divided into non-ovariectomized (non-OVX) and ovariectomized groups (OVX) at 6 mo of age. Rabbits were sacrificed 8 wk after the implantation of four biomaterials [TTM, CONCELOC, Zimmer Biomet's Trabecular Metal (TANTALUM), and ATLANT] in a 5-mm diameter defect created in the left femur. A biomechanical evaluation of the femur was carried out by testing implant breakout force. The force was gradually increased until complete detachment of the implant from the bone occurred.
RESULTS
The breakout force needed for implant detachment was significantly higher in the non-OVX group, compared with the OVX group for all implants (TANTALUM, 194.7 ± 6.1 N 181.3 ± 2.8 N; = 0.005; CONCELOC, 190.8 ± 3.6 N 180.9 ± 6.6 N; = 0.019; TTM, 186.3 ± 1.8 N 172.0 N ± 11.0 N; = 0.043; and ATLANT, 104.9 ± 7.0 N 78.9 N ± 4.5 N; = 0.001). In the OVX group, The breakout forces in TANTALUM, TTM, and CONCELOC did not differ significantly ( = 0.066). The breakout force for ATLANT in the OVX group was lower by a factor of 2.3 compared with TANTALUM and CONCELOC, and by 2.2 compared with TTM ( = 0.001). In the non-OVX group, the breakout force for ATLANT was significantly different from all other implants, with a reduction in fixation strength by a factor of 1.9 ( = 0.001).
CONCLUSION
TANTALUM, TTM, and CONCELOC had equal bone-implant osseointegration in healthy and in osteoporotic bone. ATLANT had significantly decreased osseointegration ( = 0.001) in healthy and in osteoporotic bone.
PubMed: 33959485
DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v12.i4.214 -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2022We compared chemical and microbial leaching for multi-metal extraction from printed circuit boards (PCBs) and tantalum capacitor scrap. A mixed consortium of acidophiles...
We compared chemical and microbial leaching for multi-metal extraction from printed circuit boards (PCBs) and tantalum capacitor scrap. A mixed consortium of acidophiles and heterotrophic fungal strains were used in the experiments and compared to chemical leaching using specific acids (sulfuric, citric and oxalic acids). Under optimum conditions, 100% extraction efficiency of Cu, and nearly 85% of Zn, Fe, Al and Ni were achieved from PCB and tantalum capacitor scrap samples using sulfuric acid. The mixed consortium of acidophiles successfully mobilized, Ni and Cu (99% and 96%, respectively) while Fe, Zn, Al and Mn reached an extraction yield of 89, 77, 70 and 43%, respectively, from the PCB samples. For the tantalum capacitor samples, acidophiles mobilized 92% Cu, 88% Ni, 78% Fe, 77% Al, 70% Zn and 57% Mn. Metal mobilization from PCBs and tantalum capacitor scrap by filtrate showed efficient solubilization of Cu, Fe, Al, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn at an efficiency of 52, 29, 75, 5, 61, 21 and 35% from PCB samples and 61, 25, 69, 23, 68, 15 and 45% from tantalum capacitor samples, respectively. Microbial leaching proved viable as a method to extract base metals but was less specific for tantalum and precious metals in electronic waste. The implications of these results for further processing of waste electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE) are considered in potential hybrid treatment strategies.
Topics: Cell Phone; Electronic Waste; Electronics; Metals; Tantalum
PubMed: 36011640
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610006 -
The Angle Orthodontist Nov 2008To test the hypothesis that there is no difference between the information produced by superimposition of serial lateral headfilms on anatomical structures and that...
OBJECTIVE
To test the hypothesis that there is no difference between the information produced by superimposition of serial lateral headfilms on anatomical structures and that produced by superimposition on metallic implants according to the protocols of Björk.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Serial cephalograms of 10 untreated subjects who had tantalum implants placed in the maxilla and mandible during childhood were analyzed. Headfilms taken at six consecutive stages of cervical vertebral maturation (CS1-CS6) for six female and four male subjects were used. Tracings were superimposed according to the methods of superimpositions advocated by the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO). In addition, superimpositions along the inferior border of the mandible were performed. Finally, superimpositions of serial tracings on stable intraosseous implants were made to determine the actual growth and remodeling patterns of the maxilla and mandible.
RESULTS
The ABO maxillary superimposition method underestimates the vertical displacement and overestimates the forward movement of maxillary landmarks. Superimposing on the internal cortical outline of the symphysis and the inferior alveolar nerve canals generally approximates the mandibular superimposition on implants, although the lower anterior border of the symphysis may be a preferable area of superimposition. Superimposition on the lower border of the mandible does not reflect accurately the actual pattern of growth and remodeling of the mandible.
CONCLUSIONS
When analyzing serial headfilms, erroneous information concerning patterns of bone growth and remodeling can be obtained if convenient, but biologically incorrect superimposition protocols are used. In addition, tooth movements measured can be distorted significantly depending on the method of superimposition.
Topics: Age Determination by Skeleton; Bone Development; Bone Remodeling; Cephalometry; Cervical Vertebrae; Child; Chin; Dental Materials; Facial Bones; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Mandible; Mandibular Condyle; Maxilla; Nasal Bone; Palate; Prostheses and Implants; Skull; Tantalum
PubMed: 18947269
DOI: 10.2319/070107-301.1 -
Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023During the last 20 years, tantalum has known ever wider applications for the production of endosseous implantable devices in the orthopedic and dental fields. Its... (Review)
Review
During the last 20 years, tantalum has known ever wider applications for the production of endosseous implantable devices in the orthopedic and dental fields. Its excellent performances are due to its capacity to stimulate new bone formation, thus improving implant integration and stable fixation. Tantalum's mechanical features can be mainly adjusted by controlling its porosity thanks to a number of versatile fabrication techniques, which allow obtaining an elastic modulus similar to that of bone tissue, thus limiting the stress-shielding effect. The present paper aims at reviewing the characteristics of tantalum as a solid and porous (trabecular) metal, with specific regard to biocompatibility and bioactivity. Principal fabrication methods and major applications are described. Moreover, the osteogenic features of porous tantalum are presented to testify its regenerative potential. It can be concluded that tantalum, especially as a porous metal, clearly possesses many advantageous characteristics for endosseous applications but it presently lacks the consolidated clinical experience of other metals such as titanium.
PubMed: 36810380
DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8010049 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022Electronic products are ever growing in popularity, and tantalum capacitors are heavily used in small electronic products. Spent epoxy-coated solid electrolyte tantalum...
Electronic products are ever growing in popularity, and tantalum capacitors are heavily used in small electronic products. Spent epoxy-coated solid electrolyte tantalum capacitors, containing about 22 wt.% of tantalum and 8 wt.% of manganese, were treated with selective leaching by hydrochloric acid and chlorination after removing the epoxy resin, and the products converted, respectively, to Mn(OH) and TaCl. The effects of acid type, acid concentration, liquid-solid ratio, and reaction time were investigated to dissolve the manganese. The optimal selective leaching conditions were determined as 3 mol/L of HCl, 40 mL/g at 25 °C for 32 min. Next, residues of selective leaching after washing and drying were heated with ferrous chloride to convert to pure TaCl. Mixing 48 wt.% of chloride and 52 wt.% of residues for a total of 5 g was conducted to complete the chlorination process in the tube furnace at 450 °C for 3 h. A total of 2.35 g of Ta was collected and the recovery of Ta achieved 94%. Finally, Mn(OH) and TaCl were separated and purified as the products.
PubMed: 35057373
DOI: 10.3390/ma15020656