-
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal May 2022We report a case of primary temporal bone diffuse B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a rare entity. A 71-year-old male with a history of dementia and hemicraniectomy...
We report a case of primary temporal bone diffuse B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a rare entity. A 71-year-old male with a history of dementia and hemicraniectomy presented due to 1 month of a pronounced left ulcerative mastoid lesion. Strikingly, there were no cranial nerve deficits which was unexpected due to the degree of the lesion. Initially, infectious mastoiditis was suspected based on physical examination alone. Due to the patient being a poor historian, it was difficult to determine whether this was an acute or chronic issue. Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma, infectious mastoiditis, and actinomycosis were on the differential, but biopsies revealed non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Topics: Actinomycosis; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Male; Mastoid; Mastoiditis; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 32841094
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320950493 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2018The temporal bone is one of the more complex structures at the skull base that houses the hearing and vestibular organs, numerous nerves, and vessels. A host of... (Review)
Review
The temporal bone is one of the more complex structures at the skull base that houses the hearing and vestibular organs, numerous nerves, and vessels. A host of inflammatory and neoplastic processes can occur within the temporal bone that often necessitate permanent and frozen section pathologic examination. A number of simple to complex surgical procedures are used to manage temporal bone pathology. This chapter will provide a brief overview of normal temporal bone anatomy, common surgical approaches, normal histology, and indications for pathologic examination.
Topics: Ear; Humans; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 30069845
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-018-0926-2 -
European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology,... May 2022Acquiring surgical experience in the operating room is increasingly difficult. Simulation of temporal bone drilling is therefore essential, and more and more widely... (Review)
Review
Acquiring surgical experience in the operating room is increasingly difficult. Simulation of temporal bone drilling is therefore essential, and more and more widely used. The aim of this review is to clarify the limitations of classical surgical training, and to describe the different types of simulation available for temporal bone drilling. Systematic Medline search used the terms: "temporal bone" and training and surgery; "temporal bone" and training and drilling. Seventy-one of the 467 articles identified were relevant for this review. Various temporal bone simulators have been created to get around the limitations (ethical, financial, cultural, working time) of temporal bone drilling. They can be classified as cadaver, animal, physical or virtual models. The main advantages of physical and virtual prototyping are their ease of access, the possibility of repeating gestures on a standardised model, and the absence of ethical issues. Validation is essential before these simulators can be included in the curriculum, to ensure efficacy and thus improve patient safety in the operating room.
Topics: Animals; Cadaver; Clinical Competence; Computer Simulation; Humans; Simulation Training; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 33722469
DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2021.02.007 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2018Neural, sclerosing, and myofibroblastic lesions of the ear and temporal bone present diagnostic challenges for both clinicians and pathologists due to significant... (Review)
Review
Neural, sclerosing, and myofibroblastic lesions of the ear and temporal bone present diagnostic challenges for both clinicians and pathologists due to significant overlap in their clinical presentations, histologic appearances, and immunohistochemical profiles. While some of these lesions, such as schwannomas, are relatively common, others are rendered even more difficult because they are encountered very rarely in routine surgical pathology practice. This review is intended to provide an update on the pathology of some of the most commonly encountered primary diagnostic entities for the ear and temporal bone, and includes the following neural lesions: schwannoma, meningioma, and encephalocele/meningocele. Sclerosing lesions that will be discussed include spindle cell and sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma, sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma, and sclerosing paraganglioma. Finally, myofibroblastic lesions that will be reviewed are nodular fasciitis, IgG4-related disease, and solitary fibrous tumor. For each of these lesions, the differential diagnosis and useful ancillary tests will be discussed in the context of a broad range of additional primary and secondary lesions.
Topics: Bone Diseases; Ear Diseases; Humans; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 30069839
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-018-0891-9 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2018CT and MR imaging are essential cross-sectional imaging modalities for assessment of temporal bone anatomy and pathology. The choice of CT versus MR depends on the... (Review)
Review
CT and MR imaging are essential cross-sectional imaging modalities for assessment of temporal bone anatomy and pathology. The choice of CT versus MR depends on the structures and the disease processes that require assessment, delineation, and characterization. A thorough knowledge of the two imaging modalities' capabilities and of temporal bone anatomy greatly facilitates imaging interpretation of pathologic conditions.
Topics: Diagnostic Imaging; Ear; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Temporal Bone; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30069846
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-018-0901-y -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Jan 2018Fibrous dysplasia is a slowly progressive benign fibro-osseous disorder that involves one or multiple bones with a unilateral distribution in most cases. It is a lesion... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Fibrous dysplasia is a slowly progressive benign fibro-osseous disorder that involves one or multiple bones with a unilateral distribution in most cases. It is a lesion of unknown etiology, uncertain pathogenesis, and diverse histopathology. Temporal bone involvement is the least frequently reported type, especially in children. We reviewed available articles regarding fibrous dysplasia with temporal bone involvement in children and added four patients aged 7 to 17 years who were diagnosed and treated in our institution from 2006 to 2017. The patients' clinical picture comprised head deformity, external canal stenosis, headache, progressive conductive and/or sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and sudden deafness. Two patients had experienced severe episodic vertigo with nausea and vomiting. Two were referred to us with external canal obstruction and secondary cholesteatoma formation with broad middle ear destruction. One was diagnosed with acute mastoiditis and intracranial complications. Optimal management of fibrous dysplasia is unclear and can be challenging, especially in children. In our two patients with disease expansion and involvement of important structures, surgical treatment was abandoned and a "wait-and-scan" policy was applied. The other two were qualified for surgical treatment. One patient underwent two surgeries: modified lateral petrosectomy (canal left open) with pathological tissue removal, cavity obliteration, and subsequent tympanoplasty. Another patient with extensive destruction of the left temporal bone underwent canal wall down mastoidectomy with perisinus abscess drainage and revision 12 months later. Tympanoplasty was unsatisfactory in both patients because of slow progression of the middle ear pathology. None of our patients underwent pharmacological treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
In younger patients, observation and a "wait-and-scan" protocol is relevant until significant function, or cosmetic deficits are obvious. Surgery is not preferred and should be delayed until puberty because fibrous dysplasia has a tendency to stabilize after adolescence. In patients with severe symptoms medical treatment can be implemented, but safety of this treatment in children remain controversial.
Topics: Child; Disease Management; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone; Humans; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 29335001
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-017-1302-5 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Dec 2022Significance StatementUnilateral Eagle Syndrome is relatively rare and highlights important concepts in anatomy and pathophysiology. Bilateral Eagle Syndrome is...
Significance StatementUnilateral Eagle Syndrome is relatively rare and highlights important concepts in anatomy and pathophysiology. Bilateral Eagle Syndrome is exponentially more rare and has only been mentioned several times in the literature. Understanding the impact this can have on the human body and the severity of symptoms and sequelae is valuable for several types of specialists that treat this disorder.
Topics: Humans; Temporal Bone; Ossification, Heterotopic
PubMed: 33258676
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320973551 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Aug 2022
Topics: Humans; Ossification, Heterotopic; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 35110494
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.9017-21 -
Neurology India 2022
Topics: Humans; Ossification, Heterotopic; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 35263880
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.338720 -
Hearing Research Aug 2023Under bone conduction (BC) stimulation, the otic capsule, and surrounding temporal bone, undergoes a complex 3-dimentional (3D) motion that depends on the frequency,...
BACKGROUND
Under bone conduction (BC) stimulation, the otic capsule, and surrounding temporal bone, undergoes a complex 3-dimentional (3D) motion that depends on the frequency, location and coupling of the stimulation. The correlation between the resultant intracochlear pressure difference across the cochlear partition and the 3D motion of the otic capsule is not yet known and is to be investigated.
METHODS
Experiments were conducted in 3 fresh frozen cadaver heads, individually on each temporal bone, resulting in a total of 6 samples. The skull bone was stimulated, via the actuator of a BC hearing aid (BCHA), in the frequency range of 0.1-20 kHz. Stimulation was applied at the ipsilateral mastoid and the classical BAHA location via a conventional transcutaneous (5-N steel headband) and percutaneous coupling, sequentially. Three-dimensional motions were measured across the lateral and medial (intracranial) surfaces of the skull, the ipsilateral temporal bone, the skull base, as well as the promontory and stapes. Each measurement consisted of 130-200 measurement points (∼5-10 mm pitch) across the measured skull surface. Additionally, intracochlear pressure in the scala tympani and scala vestibuli was measured via a custom-made intracochlear acoustic receiver.
RESULTS
While there were limited differences in the magnitude of the motion across the skull base, there were major differences in the deformation of different sections of the skull. Specifically, the bone near the otic capsule remained primarily rigid across all test frequency (above 10 kHz), in contrast to the skull base, which deformed above 1-2 kHz. Above 1 kHz, the ratio, between the differential intracochlear pressure and the promontory motion, was relatively independent of coupling and stimulation location. Similarly, the stimulation direction appears to have no influence on the cochlear response, above 1 kHz.
CONCLUSIONS
The area around the otic capsule appears rigid up to significantly higher frequencies than the rest of the skull surface, resulting in primarily inertial loading of the cochlear fluid. Further work should be focused at the investigation of the solid-fluid interaction between the bony walls of the otic capsule and the cochlear contents.
Topics: Humans; Bone Conduction; Sound; Acoustic Stimulation; Temporal Bone; Cochlea; Motion; Vibration; Cadaver
PubMed: 37267833
DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108818