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Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Apr 2024Ovarian tumors in mares are uncommon in comparison to other neoplasms and are classified into three categories: gonadal stromal tumors, coelomic epithelium surface...
Ovarian tumors in mares are uncommon in comparison to other neoplasms and are classified into three categories: gonadal stromal tumors, coelomic epithelium surface tumors, and germinal cell tumors. Some ovarian neoplasms histologically show a mixture of multiple cell types in the same tumor, such as fibrothecoma; therefore, the differentiation between fibroma and thecoma is often difficult. According to the World Health Organization, fibrothecomas are classified as sex-cord stromal tumors (pure stromal tumors). Neoplasms such as fibrothecoma present with limited morphological, clinical, ultrasonographic, and endocrine profile characteristics. To diagnose this type of tumor, a broad clinical examination is needed, but histopathology remains the most accurate. Herein, we report a case of incidentally found ovarian fibrothecoma during a diagnostic laparotomy in a 6-year-old Dutch Warmblood (KWPN) mare who presented to the clinic with colic symptoms. After a unilateral ovariectomy, the altered right ovary was diagnosed as fibrothecoma based on histopathological features.
PubMed: 38731310
DOI: 10.3390/ani14091307 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Sep 2023: Meigs syndrome is represented by a benign adnexal tumor, ascites, and hydrothorax. Even though the ovarian mass is often characterized by a fibroma-like origin, cancer... (Review)
Review
: Meigs syndrome is represented by a benign adnexal tumor, ascites, and hydrothorax. Even though the ovarian mass is often characterized by a fibroma-like origin, cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) serum levels could be elevated as in the development of ovarian cancer. Here, we present the case of a patient with Meigs syndrome and increased CA-125. : We performed systematic research for articles including similar cases in PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus in February 2023, adopting the string of idioms: "Meigs syndrome AND Cancer antigen 125", and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. : Eligible records were 25. Hydrothorax was right-sided in 10 cases over 25; left-sided in two patients over 25. Concerning ascites, two patients showed more than 6 L of ascitic fluid, whereas three patients had 6 L or less. CA-125 elevation ranged from 149 IU/mL to 3803 IU/mL. Adnexal mass histotypes were: struma ovarii (12 cases), thecomas (two cases), fibrothecomas (five cases), fibromas (five cases), and one sclerosing stromal tumor (SST). : In postmenopausal women with elevated CA-125 serum levels and an adnexal mass suspicious for malignancy at ultrasound (US), ascites and pleural effusion, surgery, and histopathological examination are necessary. MS is a diagnostic option, with an excellent prognosis after exeresis of the mass.
PubMed: 37763803
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091684 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Mar 1973A description is briefly given of a patient whose pregnancy was complicated by an ovarian thecoma which ruptured spontaneously.Eleven previously reported instances of...
A description is briefly given of a patient whose pregnancy was complicated by an ovarian thecoma which ruptured spontaneously.Eleven previously reported instances of the combination of thecoma and pregnancy are summarized.Although the present case appears to be the first in which the mother has survived rupture of the tumour, in view of the result to the child this can hardly be claimed as a triumph of obstetrics.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Thecoma
PubMed: 4347633
DOI: No ID Found -
European Journal of Pediatric Surgery... Jan 2022Thecomas are rare benign sex cord-stromal tumors that account for less than 1% of all ovarian tumors. They usually affect postmenopausal women and become symptomatic...
Thecomas are rare benign sex cord-stromal tumors that account for less than 1% of all ovarian tumors. They usually affect postmenopausal women and become symptomatic with abnormal bleeding. In adolescents, less than 10 cases have been reported so far, mainly with symptoms of hormonal disbalance. Extraovarian thecomas represent an even rarer entity, with only two cases described so far, none of them in the pediatric population. We report the case of a 14-year-old girl who presented with sudden-onset abdominal pain, dysuria, and fever, as well as highly elevated serum inflammation parameters. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large, inhomogeneous pelvic mass (16 cm × 9 cm × 13 cm) with indistinct margins, suggestive of an infiltrative malignant teratoma or sarcoma. Laparoscopy confirmed a large mass of unknown origin. In contrast to the infiltrative character seen on preoperative MRI, the tumor could be easily exteriorized and resected after conversion to laparotomy. Ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus remained unaffected. Histopathology revealed a benign nonluteinized thecoma. The postoperative course and 19-month follow-up were uneventful.
PubMed: 35450099
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742712 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2021This study aims to explore the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and texture analysis (TA) in the differential diagnosis of ovarian granulosa cell tumors (OGCTs)...
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to explore the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and texture analysis (TA) in the differential diagnosis of ovarian granulosa cell tumors (OGCTs) and thecoma-fibrothecoma (OTCA-FTCA).
METHODS
The preoperative MRI data of 32 patients with OTCA-FTCA and 14 patients with OGCTs, confirmed by pathological examination between June 2013 and August 2020, were retrospectively analyzed. The texture data of three-dimensional MRI scans based on T2-weighted imaging and clinical and conventional MRI features were analyzed and compared between tumor types. The Mann-Whitney -test, test/Fisher exact test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify differences between the OTCA-FTCA and OGCTs groups. A regression model was established by using binary logistic regression analysis, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was carried out to evaluate diagnostic efficiency.
RESULTS
A multivariate analysis of the imaging-based features combined with TA revealed that intratumoral hemorrhage (OR = 0.037), log-sigma-20mm-3D_glszm_SmallAreaEmphasis (OR = 4.40), and log-sigma-2-0mm-3D_glszm_SmallAreaHighGrayLevelEmphasis (OR = 1.034) were independent features for discriminating between OGCTs and OTCA-FTCA ( < 0.05). An imaging-based diagnosis model, TA-based model, and combination model were established. The areas under the curve of the three models in predicting OGCTs and OTCA-FTCA were 0.935, 0.944, and 0.969, respectively; the sensitivities were 93.75, 93.75, and 96.87%, respectively; and the specificities were 85.71, 92.86, and 92.86%, respectively. The DeLong test indicated that the combination model had the highest predictive efficiency ( < 0.05), with no significant difference among the three models in differentiating between OGCTs and OTCA-FTCA ( > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Compared with OTCA-FTCA, intratumoral hemorrhage may be characteristic MR imaging features with OGCTs. Texture features can reflect the microheterogeneity of OGCTs and OTCA-FTCA. MRI signs and texture features can help differentiate between OGCTs and OTCA-FTCA and provide a more comprehensive and accurate basis for clinical treatment.
PubMed: 34778075
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.758036 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2023Ovarian leiomyomas (OLs) are rare and account for only 0.5 to 1% of benign ovarian tumors. This study investigated the ultrasonographic manifestations of OL and the...
OBJECTIVES
Ovarian leiomyomas (OLs) are rare and account for only 0.5 to 1% of benign ovarian tumors. This study investigated the ultrasonographic manifestations of OL and the potential reasons for misdiagnosis.
METHODS
Between July 2018 and July 2023, 7 patients diagnosed with OL by surgical pathology and immunohistochemistry were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Ultrasound (US) examinations were performed before surgery. Clinical characteristics, pathological findings, ultrasonographic manifestations, and treatment were reviewed.
RESULTS
The mean age of the 7 patients was 39.0 ± 11.57 years, with a disease course of 0.1 to 24 months. All ovarian leiomyomas were unilateral. Four cases occurred in the right ovary, and three cases occurred in the left ovary. All lesions presented as hypoechogenic, well-circumscribed, round or oval in shape, and regular in morphology. No significant blood flow signal was detected peripheral to or inside the mass in 3 cases (42.8%), and a minimal flow signal was detected peripheral to or inside the mass in 4 cases (58.2%). A total of 7 ultrasonographic images of OL were misdiagnosed: 1 patient was misdiagnosed with subserosal uterine leiomyoma, and 6 patients were misdiagnosed with a tumor in the ovarian thecoma-fibroma group.
CONCLUSION
The imaging manifestation of OL lacks specificity; thus, preoperatively distinguishing OL from other ovarian tumors and subserosal uterine leiomyomas is difficult. Immunohistochemistry may be helpful for the definitive diagnosis of OL. The possibility of ovarian leiomyoma should be considered in patients with uterine leiomyomas coexisting with an adnexal ovarian solid mass.
PubMed: 38213912
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1289522 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Dec 2018This year being the 60th anniversary of the publication of the excellent book Endocrine Pathology of the Ovary by John McLean Morris, MD, and Robert E. Scully, MD, the... (Review)
Review
Ovarian Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors: Reflections on a 40-Year Experience With a Fascinating Group of Tumors, Including Comments on the Seminal Observations of Robert E. Scully, MD.
CONTEXT.—
This year being the 60th anniversary of the publication of the excellent book Endocrine Pathology of the Ovary by John McLean Morris, MD, and Robert E. Scully, MD, the writer reflects on that work and in particular the remarkable contributions of its second author to our knowledge in this area.
OBJECTIVE.—
To review ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors.
DATA SOURCES.—
Literature and personal experience.
CONCLUSIONS.—
The essay begins with remarks on the oftentimes straightforward stromal tumors of the ovary because the commonest of them, the fibroma, dominates from the viewpoint of case numbers. Then, the sclerosing stromal tumor and the peculiar so-called luteinized thecomas of the type associated with sclerosing peritonitis are discussed in greater detail and their wide spectrum is illustrated. Brief mention is made of 2 rare neoplasms: the ovarian myxoma and signet-ring stromal tumor. Discussion then turns to the more recently recognized intriguing tumor tentatively designated microcystic stromal tumor and the commonest malignant tumor in this entire family, the so-called adult granulosa cell tumor, which despite its name may occasionally be seen in young individuals. The second variant of granulosa cell tumor-that which usually, but not always, occurs in the young-the so-called juvenile granulosa cell tumor, is then discussed. In the section of Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors, particular attention is focused on unusual tumors with heterologous elements and the remarkable so-called retiform tumors, which have a predilection for the young, often have distinctive gross features, and exhibit slitlike spaces and papillae. The essay concludes with consideration of the sex cord tumor with annular tubules.
Topics: Female; Granulosa Cell Tumor; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ovary; Sex Cord-Gonadal Stromal Tumors
PubMed: 30500284
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2018-0291-RA -
Medicine May 2020To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in ovarian thecoma and improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy.Retrospective analysis was performed on 45... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in ovarian thecoma and improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy.Retrospective analysis was performed on 45 patients with surgically and pathologically confirmed ovarian thecoma. Patients were grouped into those with maximum lesion diameter ≥5 cm and <5 cm. Diagnostic scores (up to 6 points) were evaluated on the basis of MRI performance.The ≥5 cm group contained 36 cases (cystic necrosis, 32 cases) with the following findings: T1WI: isointense signal, 22 cases; slightly hypointense signal, 14 cases; T2WI: isointense signal, 6 cases; slightly hypointense signal, 21 cases; slightly hyperintense signal, 9 cases; Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI): hyperintense signal, 23 cases; mixed hyperintense signal, 13 cases; slight enhancement on dynamic enhanced scans; pelvic fluid accumulation, 31 cases. The diagnostic score evaluations yielded 6 points in 31 cases, 5 points in 1 case, 4 points in 2 cases, and 3 points in 2 cases. The <5 cm group contained 9 cases (cystic necrosis, 3 cases) with the following findings: T1WI: isointense signal, 3 cases; slightly hypointense signal, 6 cases; T2WI: isointense signal, 2 cases; slightly hypointense signal, 4 cases; slightly hyperintense signal, 3 cases; DWI, hyperintense signal; slight enhancement in 8 cases and significant enhancement in 1 case; pelvic fluid accumulation, 4 cases. The diagnostic score evaluations yielded 6 points in 3 cases, 5 points in 1 case, 4 points in 4 cases, and 3 points in 1 case. (iii) Incidence of pelvic fluid accumulation and cystic necrosis differed depending on the size of the lesion (P = .007, .000).Larger lesions show hyperintense or mixed hyperintense signals on DWI along with pelvic fluid and cystic necrosis; whereas, smaller lesions show a hyperintense signal on DWI, cystic necrosis is rare. MRI characteristics along with the patient age and laboratory findings can improve the accuracy of preoperative diagnosis of these lesions.
Topics: Adult; Aged; China; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Radiology; Sensitivity and Specificity; Thecoma
PubMed: 32481327
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020358 -
Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et... 2003We discuss the causes of virilism in pregnancy and the impact of hyperandrogeny on the female foetus. We report a case of virilism in a 28-year-old, gravida 1, para 1...
We discuss the causes of virilism in pregnancy and the impact of hyperandrogeny on the female foetus. We report a case of virilism in a 28-year-old, gravida 1, para 1 patient with normal pregnancy and review the literature. After conception, the patient had been well until the 18th week of gestation, when she developed signs of virilization; her serum testosterone was markedly elevated. She delivered of a normal male infant at term. After delivery, signs of virilization regressed with normalization of testosterone level but a wide mass of the left ovary that persisted for 8 months. The histological study of the tumor showed luteinized thecoma. Luteomas and hyper-reactio luteinalis were the principal causes of virilism in pregnancy, thecomas are rare.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic; Testosterone; Thecoma; Virilism
PubMed: 12773930
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics Oct 2007Traditional cytogenetic studies of ovarian stromal tumors are few, although trisomy 12 has been frequently documented with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In...
Traditional cytogenetic studies of ovarian stromal tumors are few, although trisomy 12 has been frequently documented with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In the current study, karyotypic analysis of four ovarian stromal tumors and a review of the literature suggest that numerical abnormalities of chromosomes 4 and 9 might also be important, possibly as secondary changes. To determine the frequency of 4, 9, and 12 aneuploidy in a larger group of ovarian tumors, FISH studies were performed on eight fibromas, three thecomas, one fibrothecoma, and five cellular fibromas. Trisomy 12 was identified in all five cellular fibromas as well as in two fibromas and the fibrothecoma. Gain of chromosome 9 was confined to the cellular fibromas. Loss of chromosomes 4 and/or 9 was prominent in the fibromas. These findings confirm the presence of trisomy 12 as a nonrandom chromosomal abnormality in ovarian stromal tumors. Moreover, these conventional and molecular cytogenetic data indicate that gain of chromosome 9 in addition to gain of chromosome 12 is prominent in cellular fibroma. In contrast, loss of chromosomes 4 and/or 9 are recurrent in fibroma. In summary, imbalances of chromosomes 4 and 9 appear to represent important secondary abnormalities in the thecoma-fibroma ovarian tumor group.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Allelic Imbalance; Chromosome Mapping; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9; Female; Fibroma; Humans; Karyotyping; Middle Aged; Ovarian Neoplasms; Recurrence; Thecoma
PubMed: 17954269
DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2007.07.009