-
Ophthalmology. Glaucoma 2020To report on the development of the Schiøtz tonometer and to put its subsequent role into perspective with regard to the history of glaucoma, the career of Hjalmar...
PURPOSE:
To report on the development of the Schiøtz tonometer and to put its subsequent role into perspective with regard to the history of glaucoma, the career of Hjalmar Schiøtz (1850–1927), and the evolution of the tonometer leading up to the development of the Goldmann tonometer.
INTRODUCTION:
The story of physicians’ attempts to assess intraocular pressure goes back many centuries. Mechanical instruments designed for this purpose were first introduced in the latter part of the 19 century, but did not gain traction until the introduction of the Schiøtz tonometer in 1905. This report reviews details about this instrument, its inventor and its role in glaucoma treatment.
Topics: Equipment Design; Glaucoma; History, 15th Century; History, 16th Century; History, 17th Century; History, 18th Century; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; History, Ancient; History, Medieval; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 32782212
DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2020.04.015 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia Apr 2018The Nobel Prize is the world's foremost honor for scientific advances in medicine and other areas. Founded by Alfred Nobel, the prizes have been awarded annually since... (Review)
Review
The Nobel Prize is the world's foremost honor for scientific advances in medicine and other areas. Founded by Alfred Nobel, the prizes have been awarded annually since 1901. We reviewed the literature on persons who have won or competed for this prize in subjects related to vision and ophthalmology. The topics were divided into vision physiology, diagnostic and therapeutic methods, disease mechanism, and miscellaneous categories. Allvar Gullstrand is the only ophthalmologist to win a Nobel Prize; he is also the only one to receive it for work in ophthalmology. Other ophthalmologists that have been nominated were Hjalmar Schiötz (tonometer), Karl Koller (topical anesthesia), and Jules Gonin (retinal detachment). Other scientists have won the prize for eye-related research: Ragnar Granit, Haldan Hartline and George Wald (chemistry and physiology of vision), and David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel (processing in the visual system). Peter Medawar is the only person born in Brazil to have won the Nobel Prize.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Eye Diseases; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Nobel Prize; Ophthalmologists; Ophthalmology; Vision, Ocular
PubMed: 29846418
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20180035 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2020The Icare HOME (TA022, Icare Oy, Vanda, Finland) is rebound tonometer recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in March 2017 designed for... (Review)
Review
The Icare HOME (TA022, Icare Oy, Vanda, Finland) is rebound tonometer recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in March 2017 designed for self-measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP). IOP remains a major modifiable risk factor for glaucoma progression; however, IOP measurements typically occur through single office measurements on Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and do not always reveal the complete picture of patient's IOP patterns and daily fluctuations, which are important for accurate diagnosis and evaluation. Numerous studies have now compared the efficacy of the Icare HOME to that of GAT. The objective of this article is to review the existing literature surrounding the Icare HOME tonometer and its efficacy as a self-tonometer in comparison to GAT. The available literature has shown promising results in its accuracy of measuring IOP but suggests cautious usage in patients with central corneal thicknesses or IOP ranges that are outside of a certain range. This article will also provide details and example cases for when the Icare HOME may be most clinically useful.
PubMed: 33262568
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S284844 -
Journal of Glaucoma Jul 2020A survey among members of the American Glaucoma Society (AGS) and the American Optometry Association (AOA) on tonometer preference and tonometer disinfection indicates a...
PRECIS
A survey among members of the American Glaucoma Society (AGS) and the American Optometry Association (AOA) on tonometer preference and tonometer disinfection indicates a shift to disposable tonometer tips compared with 1987.
PURPOSE
This survey's purpose was to determine how eye care providers responded to the 2008 Centers of Disease Control (CDC) tonometer disinfection guidelines, which recommend 10% hypochlorite (dilute bleach) for reusable tonometers. Tonometers measure the eye pressure when they touch the cornea, an essential part of the eye examination.
METHODS
AGS and AOA members were surveyed on tonometer preference, tonometer use, disinfection process, disinfectants, disinfection timing, and tonometer damage.
RESULTS
Survey responses from 79 AOA members and 197 AGS members are included. The Goldmann tonometer is considered most accurate (70, 89% AOA and 161, 82% AGS). It is preferred by 54 (70%) AOA and 193 (98%) AGS members. Many providers (165) use reusable Goldmann tonometer tips (77, 79% AOA, 88, 45% AGS), and most clean with 70% isopropyl alcohol wipes 59 (77%) AOA and 54 (61%) AGS. In summary, 126 of 276 participants (8, 10% AOA and 118, 60% AGS) follow CDC guidelines by using disposable tips (2 AOA and 109 AGS) or disinfecting reusable tips with 10% hypochlorite (6 AOA and 9 AGS).
CONCLUSIONS
The majority of AGS providers follow current CDC tonometer disinfection guidelines by shifting to disposable Goldmann tonometer tips. Only a minority of providers who use reusable tonometer tips disinfect with dilute bleach. Continued education on proper tonometer disinfection is critical to prevent eye-care related infection due to improper disinfection.
Topics: Anti-Infective Agents; Disinfectants; Disinfection; Disposable Equipment; Equipment Contamination; Health Care Surveys; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 32459693
DOI: 10.1097/IJG.0000000000001566 -
Eye (London, England) May 2018Although several factors are known to play a role in the development and progression of glaucoma, intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the only modifiable risk factor.... (Review)
Review
Although several factors are known to play a role in the development and progression of glaucoma, intraocular pressure (IOP) remains the only modifiable risk factor. Medical and surgical treatments for glaucoma both aim to reduce IOP to minimize disease progression. Tonometry is therefore an essential element of the ophthalmological exam. There are several types of tonometers available currently. These range from well-established instruments that have been in clinical use for decades to new devices, which are the result of recent technological advances. The various instruments have advantages and disadvantages that affect their suitability for a given setting, purpose, and patient population. In this review, we aim to describe the most commonly available tonometers today along with their advantages, disadvantages, and applicability.
Topics: Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Ocular Hypertension; Ophthalmology; Reproducibility of Results; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 29456251
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-018-0040-4 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2022Assessing the intraocular pressure is a difficult but crucial task in the follow-up of patients that have undergone penetrating keratoplasty. Early recognition of... (Review)
Review
Assessing the intraocular pressure is a difficult but crucial task in the follow-up of patients that have undergone penetrating keratoplasty. Early recognition of elevated intraocular pressure and/or glaucoma and establishment of the appropriate treatment is essential to ensure the best possible visual outcome for patients dealing with this feared complication. Although Goldmann applanation tonometry is still the gold standard for measuring the intraocular pressure, its limitations in postkeratoplasty eyes, due to postoperative modified corneal morphology, have led to the search for more suitable alternatives. This review is the result of a comprehensive literature search in the MEDLINE database that aims to present glaucoma in the context of perforating keratoplasty, the corneal properties with impact on ocular pressure measurement, and the results achieved with the most important tonometers that have been studied in this pathology. Goldmann applanation tonometry remains the reference for intraocular pressure assessment even in corneas after penetrating keratoplasty. However, some promising alternatives have emerged, the most important of which are the Pascal dynamic contour tonometry, the Tono-Pen XL, the ocular response analyzer, and the iCare. All have advantages and disadvantages but have proved to be appropriate alternatives, especially in cases in which Goldmann applanation tonometry cannot be used.
PubMed: 35204325
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020234 -
Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology... 2019To compare the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) of Icare rebound tonometer and Perkins applanation tonometer (PAT) during community eye screening and to assess... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To compare the measurement of intraocular pressure (IOP) of Icare rebound tonometer and Perkins applanation tonometer (PAT) during community eye screening and to assess the agreement between these 2 instruments.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional, non-interventional study.
METHODS
The IOP measurements by handheld Icare rebound tonometer (Finland) were first performed by a primary care physician. Then the IOP was measured using Perkins Mk3 applanation tonometer (Haag-Streit, UK) by an ophthalmologist who was masked to previous readings from the Icare rebound tonometer. The mean IOP measured by each tonometer was compared. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to explore the correlation between the IOP measurements of the 2 instruments. The level of agreement between them was assessed using the Bland and Altman method.
RESULTS
A total of 420 left eyes were examined. The mean age of subjects was 38.6 ± 18.2 years. Approximately 67% of subjects were female. The mean IOP was 16.3 ± 4.0 mm Hg using Icare and 13.4 ± 2.3 mm Hg using PAT. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a moderate positive correlation between the 2 methods ( = +0.524, < 0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed a slope of 0.28 with R² of 0.255. The mean difference between the 2 methods was 2.90 ± 3.5 mm Hg and the sample -test revealed a statistically significant mean difference from 0 ( < 0.001). The 95% limits of agreement between the 2 methods were between -9.73 and 3.93 mm Hg.
CONCLUSIONS
The handheld Icare rebound tonometer is a reasonably acceptable screening tool in community practices. However, Icare overestimated IOP with a mean of 2.90 mm Hg higher than the PAT. Thus, using Goldmann applanation tonometer as a confirmatory measurement tool of IOP is suggested.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cross-Sectional Studies; Equipment Design; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Glaucoma; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; ROC Curve; Reproducibility of Results; Tonometry, Ocular; Vision Screening; Young Adult
PubMed: 31165604
DOI: 10.22608/APO.2018433