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Dental Traumatology : Official... Aug 2022Tooth resorption is either a physiological or a pathological process resulting in loss of dentin and/or cementum. It may also be associated with bone loss. Currently... (Review)
Review
Tooth resorption is either a physiological or a pathological process resulting in loss of dentin and/or cementum. It may also be associated with bone loss. Currently there is no universal classification for the different types of tooth resorption. This lack of a universal classification leads to both confusion amongst practitioners and poor understanding of the resorptive processes occurring in teeth which can result in incorrect/inappropriate diagnoses and mis-management. When developing a classification of diseases and/or conditions that occur within the body, several criteria should be followed to ensure a useful classification. The classification should not only include pathological conditions but also physiological conditions. Since tooth resorption can be either pathological or physiological, a classification of tooth resorption should include both of these categories. Any classification of diseases should be possible to use clinically, meaningful, useful, clear and universal. It should enable easy storage, retrieval and analysis of health information for evidenced-based decision-making. It should also be possible to share and compare data and information between different institutions, settings and countries. A classification of tooth resorption should be developed by combining anatomical, physiological and pathological approaches. For some types of resorption, the aetiological approach should also be incorporated. A classification of tooth resorption that uses simple, relevant and appropriate terminology based on the nature and location of the resorptive process occurring in teeth is proposed. There are two broad categories of internal and external tooth resorption which are sub-divided into three types of internal tooth resorption (surface, inflammatory, replacement) and eight types of external tooth resorption (surface, inflammatory, replacement, invasive, pressure, orthodontic, physiological, idiopathic). The clinician's understanding, diagnosis and management of tooth resorption can be facilitated by using this simple classification which should ideally be used universally by the entire dental profession to ensure clarity and to avoid confusion.
Topics: Dental Cementum; Humans; Molar; Root Resorption; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 35605161
DOI: 10.1111/edt.12762 -
Dental Traumatology : Official... Aug 2022In 1966, Andreasen and Hjørting-Hansen were the first to describe a relationship between tooth resorption and dental trauma. However, Andreasen's original... (Review)
Review
In 1966, Andreasen and Hjørting-Hansen were the first to describe a relationship between tooth resorption and dental trauma. However, Andreasen's original classification did not include other resorptive processes which have since been identified. Numerous articles have been published suggesting new terminology and definitions for tooth resorption. A uniform language with universally accepted terminology is crucial to eliminate the multiplicity of terms and definitions which only cause confusion within the profession. An electronic literature search was carried out in the PubMed database using the following keywords for articles published in English: "root resorption," "inflammatory root resorption," "replacement resorption," "cervical resorption," "trauma," "ankylosis," "surface resorption," and "internal resorption." The search also included textbooks and glossaries that may not have surfaced in the online search. This was done to identify articles related to tooth resorption and its etiology in dentistry. The aim of this review was to present the history that has led to the variety of terms and definitions for resorption. This review emphasizes the need for a clearer, simpler, and more comprehensive nomenclature for the various types of tooth resorption which are presented in Part 2 of this series.
Topics: Humans; Root Resorption; Tooth Ankylosis; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 35559593
DOI: 10.1111/edt.12757 -
Quintessence International (Berlin,... Jan 1999Tooth resorption is a common sequela following injuries to or irritation of the periodontal ligament and/or tooth pulp. The course of tooth resorption involves an... (Review)
Review
Tooth resorption is a common sequela following injuries to or irritation of the periodontal ligament and/or tooth pulp. The course of tooth resorption involves an elaborate interaction among inflammatory cells, resorbing cells, and hard tissue structures. The key cells involved in resorption are of the classic type, which include osteoblasts and odontoclasts. Types of tooth resorption include internal resorption and external resorption. There are two types of internal resorption: root canal (internal) replacement resorption and internal inflammatory resorption. External resorption can be classified into four categories by its clinical and histologic manifestations: external surface resorption, external inflammatory root resorption, replacement resorption, and ankylosis. External inflammatory root resorption can be further categorized into cervical resorption with or without a vital pulp (invasive cervical root resorption) and external apical root resorption. Other variations of resorption include combined internal and external resorption and transient apical breakdown.
Topics: Humans; Osteoclasts; Root Resorption; Tooth Ankylosis; Tooth Apex; Tooth Cervix; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 10323155
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Veterinary Dentistry Dec 2022Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a recently described painful and progressive condition of unknown etiology that occurs in... (Review)
Review
Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a recently described painful and progressive condition of unknown etiology that occurs in middle-aged and geriatric equines. It predominantly affects the permanent incisor and canine teeth and, less commonly, the premolar and molar dentition. EOTRH was first reported in peer-reviewed literature in 2008, with subsequent publications of case reports, histological studies and retrospective case series. There have been few significant research developments related to this disease. The existing studies have primarily involved single case studies or small sample sizes, without control groups. This review aimed to report current information about EOTRH in terms of clinical, histopathological, diagnostic, radiological, and therapeutic aspects, by searching the available peer-reviewed scientific literature.
Topics: Horses; Animals; Hypercementosis; Retrospective Studies; Horse Diseases; Tooth Resorption; Cuspid
PubMed: 36198033
DOI: 10.1177/08987564221120715 -
Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi =... Nov 2022Tooth resorption is an idiopathic destructive disease of dental hard tissues. The etiology and pathogenesis remain obscure. It has various manifestations and can be... (Review)
Review
Tooth resorption is an idiopathic destructive disease of dental hard tissues. The etiology and pathogenesis remain obscure. It has various manifestations and can be commonly classified as internal tooth resorption and external root resorption on the basis of the resorptive lesion sites. There have been many attempts to make further classification based upon the pathological manifestations in recent years. Radiographic examination is an effective tool to assist in the diagnosis. There are few systematic researches on tooth resorption worldwide, most of which are case reports. This review elaborates on the research progress of tooth resorption from aspects of pathogenesis and classification.
Topics: Humans; Root Resorption; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 36379899
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20220513-00254 -
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Jan 2015Tooth resorption is common in the domestic cat and the incidence has been reported to increase with increasing age. Cats with clinically missing teeth have also been... (Review)
Review
PRACTICAL RELEVANCE
Tooth resorption is common in the domestic cat and the incidence has been reported to increase with increasing age. Cats with clinically missing teeth have also been found to be more likely to have tooth resorption. All types of teeth in the feline dentition may be affected, but lesions seem to be more common in certain teeth.
CLINICAL CHALLENGES
Tooth resorption can be difficult to detect, with cats often masking signs of oral discomfort or pain. Routine radiography is required for timely diagnosis, as clinical (visual and tactile) methods only detect late-stage lesions - that is, when they become evident in the crown. The aetiology of many tooth resorptions is not clear. A large number of lesions appear to be idiopathic and, to date, there is no known treatment that prevents the development and/or progression of this category of tooth resorption. Tooth extraction is the gold standard treatment but teeth with resorptive lesions are notoriously difficult to extract and coronal amputation is often indicated. Determining the best treatment option in an individual case again relies on radiography.
AUDIENCE
This review is aimed at feline and general practitioners, as well as veterinarians with expertise in dentistry.
EVIDENCE BASE
The author draws on the published literature and her clinical experience and own research to review current thinking about the epidemiology, aetiology and pathogenesis of tooth resorptions, and to offer advice on diagnosis and treatment options.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Female; Periapical Diseases; Radiography, Dental; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 25527492
DOI: 10.1177/1098612X14560098 -
The Veterinary Clinics of North... Dec 2020Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a progressive, painful disease, affecting incisors, canines, and cheek teeth. Examination findings... (Review)
Review
Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a progressive, painful disease, affecting incisors, canines, and cheek teeth. Examination findings include gingival inflammation, gingival recession and/or hyperplasia, subgingival swelling, bulbous enlargement of teeth, associated periodontal disease, pathologic tooth fracture, and/or tooth mobility and loss. Current hypotheses include biomechanical stresses and secondary bacterial involvement. Early recognition allows case management, but it is a progressive disease. Owner education is crucial; horses with complete or multiple extractions have a favorable prognosis. Human oral and dental health may be affected by bisphosophonate use; long-term effects of these drugs are currently unknown in horses.
Topics: Animals; Horse Diseases; Horses; Hypercementosis; Tooth; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 33067098
DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2020.08.006 -
International Endodontic Journal Nov 2018Effective management of external cervical resorption (ECR) depends on accurate assessment of the true nature and accessibility of ECR; this has been discussed in part 1... (Review)
Review
Effective management of external cervical resorption (ECR) depends on accurate assessment of the true nature and accessibility of ECR; this has been discussed in part 1 of this 2 part article. This aim of this article was firstly, to review the literature in relation to the management of ECR and secondly, based on the available evidence, describe different strategies for the management of ECR. In cases where ECR is supracrestal, superficial and with limited circumferential spread, a surgical repair without root canal treatment is the preferred approach. With more extensive ECR lesions, vital pulp therapy or root canal treatment may also be indicated. Internal repair is indicated where there is limited resorptive damage to the external aspect of the tooth and/or where an external (surgical) approach is not possible due to the inaccessible nature of subcrestal ECR. In these cases, root canal treatment will also need to be carried out. Intentional reimplantation is indicated in cases where a surgical or internal approach is not practical. An atraumatic extraction technique and short extraoral period followed by 2-week splinting are important prognostic factors. Periodic reviews may be indicated in cases where active management is not pragmatic. Finally, extraction of the affected tooth may be the only option in untreatable cases where there are aesthetic, functional and/or symptomatic issues.
Topics: Cuspid; Databases, Factual; Dental Implants; Denture, Partial, Fixed; Denture, Partial, Removable; Humans; Root Canal Therapy; Root Resorption; Tooth Cervix; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Replantation; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 29737544
DOI: 10.1111/iej.12946 -
Topics in Companion Animal Medicine Mar 2020The objective of this study was to collect preliminary data about tooth resorption (TR) from cats treated at the Odontology Service (September 2016-June 2018), part of a...
The objective of this study was to collect preliminary data about tooth resorption (TR) from cats treated at the Odontology Service (September 2016-June 2018), part of a University Veterinary Hospital in Spain, with specific emphasis on TR distribution per tooth. Diagnosis was based on visual/tactile inspection and intraoral dental radiographs. This cross-sectional study was carried out on 59 adult cats (27 females, 32 males). TR occurred in 39/59 cats (66.1%; 95% CI: 54.0%-78.2%). The median number of lesioned teeth per TR-affected animal was 3. A highly significant but weak correlation was found for age and number of TR-affected teeth per individual (Spearman´s correlation ρ = 0.381, P = .003, power = 0.853; N = 59). No TR cases were detected in incisors (0/708, 0%) but TR occurred in canines (21/236, 8.9%; 95% CI: 5.4%-12.4%), premolars (78/590, 13.2%; 95% CI: 10.5%-15.9%), and molars (33/236, 14%; 95% CI: 9.7%-18.3%). A significant age influence on TR was found. The greatest TR occurrence corresponded to 307 (21/59; 35.6%; 95% CI: 23.4%-47.8%) followed by 409 (17/59; 28.8%; 95% CI: 17.2%-40.3%), 407 (16/59; 27.1%; 95% CI: 15.7%-38.4%), and 309 (16/59; 27.1%; 95% CI: 15.7%-38.4%). These teeth would be considered as TR-sentinels in the studied population. These findings are relevant for veterinarians working in dental clinics, where the TR prevalence may be high especially in older cats.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Male; Radiography, Dental; Spain; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 32115079
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2019.100369 -
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound : the... Sep 2016Tooth resorption is the most common dental disease in cats and can be a source of oral pain. The current clinical gold standard for diagnosis includes a combination of...
Tooth resorption is the most common dental disease in cats and can be a source of oral pain. The current clinical gold standard for diagnosis includes a combination of oral exam and dental radiography, however early lesions are not always detected. Computed tomography (CT) of the skull, including the dental arches, is a commonly performed diagnostic procedure, however the appearance of tooth resorption on CT and the diagnostic ability of CT to detect tooth resorption have not been evaluated. The purpose of this prospective, descriptive, diagnostic accuracy study was to characterize the CT appearance of tooth resorption in a sample of affected cats and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of CT for tooth resorption compared to the clinical gold standard of oral exam and intraoral dental radiography. Twenty-eight cat cadaver specimens were recruited for inclusion. Each specimen was evaluated using oral exam, intraoral dental radiography, and computed tomography (four different slice thicknesses). Each tooth was evaluated for the presence or absence of tooth resorption. Teeth with lesions and a subset of normal teeth were evaluated with histopathology. On CT, tooth resorption appeared as irregularly marginated hypoattenuating defects in the mineral attenuating tooth components, most commonly involving the root or cementoenamel junction. Sensitivity for CT detection of tooth resorption was fair to poor (42.2-57.7%) and specificity was good to excellent (92.8-96.3%). Findings from this study indicated that CT has high specificity but low sensitivity for detection of tooth resorption in cats.
Topics: Animals; Cat Diseases; Cats; Prospective Studies; Sensitivity and Specificity; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tooth Resorption
PubMed: 27377036
DOI: 10.1111/vru.12387