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Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2015Benign follicular tumors comprise a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a common histogenesis and display morphological features resembling one or... (Review)
Review
Benign follicular tumors comprise a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms that share a common histogenesis and display morphological features resembling one or several portions of the normal hair follicle, or recapitulate part of its embryological development. Most cases present it as clinically nondescript single lesions and essentially of dermatological relevance. Occasionally, however, these lesions be multiple and represent a cutaneous marker of complex syndromes associated with an increased risk of visceral neoplasms. In this article, the authors present the microscopic structure of the normal hair follicle as a basis to understand the type and level of differentiation of the various follicular tumors. The main clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of benign follicular tumors are then discussed, including dilated pore of Winer, pilar sheath acanthoma, trichoadenoma, trichilemmoma, infundibuloma, proliferating trichilemmal cyst/tumor, trichoblastoma and its variants, pilomatricoma, trichodiscoma/fibrofolliculoma, neurofollicular hamartoma and trichofolliculoma. In addition, the main syndromes presenting with multiple follicular tumors are also discussed, namely Cowden, Birt-Hogg-Dubé, Rombo and Bazex-Dupré-Christol syndromes, as well as multiple tumors of follicular infundibulum (infundibulomatosis) and multiple trichoepitheliomas. Although the diagnosis of follicular tumors relies on histological examination, we highlight the importance of their knowledge for the clinician, especially when in presence of patients with multiple lesions that may be the cutaneous marker of a cancer-prone syndrome. The dermatologist is therefore in a privileged position to recognize these lesions, which is extremely important to provide further propedeutic, appropriate referral and genetic counseling for these patients.
Topics: Acanthoma; Adenoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Follicular Cyst; Hair Diseases; Hair Follicle; Humans; Male; Neoplasms, Basal Cell; Skin Neoplasms; Syndrome
PubMed: 26734858
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20154114 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Mar 2023
Topics: Humans; Skin Neoplasms; Follicular Cyst; Neoplasms, Basal Cell; Ear, External
PubMed: 33587670
DOI: 10.1177/0145561321995599 -
The Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic... Mar 2023Trichofolliculoma (TF) is a rare benign adnexal follicular tumor, described as hamartoma with follicular differentiation according to some authors. It typically appears...
Trichofolliculoma (TF) is a rare benign adnexal follicular tumor, described as hamartoma with follicular differentiation according to some authors. It typically appears during adulthood on the face or scalp as an isolated nodule with protrusion of central tufted hairs. We present a retrospective series of eleven patients with histologically confirmed TF to evaluate epidemiological, clinical, and histopathologic characteristics. The mean age at excision was 46 years with extremes ranging from 20 to 75 years. The sex ratio M/F was 0.37. Clinical presentation was a papule or nodule with an average diameter of 6,7mm (2-15 mm), firm with central pit in 54 percent and visible emerging vellus hairs in 18 percent of cases only. The localization was on the face in seven cases (63.6%) and only four cases were located outside the face (scalp [n=2], sub mammary fold [n=1] and shoulder [n=1]). Histologically, a cystically dilated hair follicle containing keratinous material with several mature and immature branched follicular structures is described in all cases. According to our series, TF occurs predominantly in women without age predilection, in the face. Central tufted hairs are only found in a minority of cases corresponding histologically to many secondary vellus hair follicles. In fact, histopathological examination is the gold standard for the diagnosis because clinical diagnosis could be challenging. Histology and dermoscopy may vary according to the age of the lesion. To date, only few case series have been published.
PubMed: 36950043
DOI: No ID Found -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Feb 2022
PubMed: 35223170
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1201a26 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2023
PubMed: 37151248
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_51_23 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology 2022Sebaceous trichofolliculoma is a very uncommon skin tumour, the tumour occurred on the nose and consisted of a solitary lesion. Sebaceous trichofolliculoma occurring in...
Sebaceous trichofolliculoma is a very uncommon skin tumour, the tumour occurred on the nose and consisted of a solitary lesion. Sebaceous trichofolliculoma occurring in patients of the scrotum is very rare; only one case has been reported to date. The patient has many small soft nodules on the scrotum for several years, then the number and the size of the nodules increased. Histological examination showed many large cystic cavities open to the skin surface and numerous sebaceous glands connected to the cavity. Plastic surgery excision or necessary skin grafting is planned for the patient until maturity is attained.
PubMed: 36865871
DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_1056_20 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Sep 2023
PubMed: 37735904
DOI: 10.1177/01455613231200753 -
Skin Appendage Disorders Mar 2023Trichofolliculoma is a very rare, benign hamartomatous skin adnexal tumor originating from the hair follicle. The tumor which presents as a papule or nodule is usually...
INTRODUCTION
Trichofolliculoma is a very rare, benign hamartomatous skin adnexal tumor originating from the hair follicle. The tumor which presents as a papule or nodule is usually observed on the scalp and face.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report the case of a 49-year-old female who presented with a solitary papule on the nose. The lesion which was observed macroscopically and dermoscopically compatible with trichofolliculoma was completely removed by punch biopsy. The diagnosis of trichofolliculoma was confirmed histopathologically, and no recurrence was observed in the follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Trichofolliculomas can macroscopically mimic some skin cancers such as basal cell carcinoma and sebaceous carcinoma. Awareness of its typical clinical and dermoscopic features facilitates diagnosis and prevents aggressive surgical intervention.
PubMed: 36937157
DOI: 10.1159/000527981 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Apr 2022Since small mammals are gaining popularity as pets in Poland, the number of tumour samples submitted for histopathological examination is quite high. This study was a...
Since small mammals are gaining popularity as pets in Poland, the number of tumour samples submitted for histopathological examination is quite high. This study was a retrospective analysis of cutaneous and subcutaneous tumours in small pet mammals submitted for histopathology in 2014-2021. The analysis included 256 tumours sampled from 103 guinea pigs, 53 rats, 43 pet rabbits, 21 ferrets, 17 hamsters, 8 degus, 5 African pygmy hedgehogs, 3 Mongolian gerbils and 3 chinchillas. Tumours were diagnosed based on routine histopathology, with additional immunohistochemistry when necessary. The results of this study revealed that the vast majority of cutaneous tumours in guinea pigs were benign, with a predominance of lipoma. Adnexal tumours constituted a significant percentage of cutaneous tumours in guinea pigs (24.3%, with the most common being trichofolliculoma), pet rabbits (46.5%, with the most common being trichoblastoma), ferrets (33.3%, mostly derived from sebaceous glands), hamsters (52.9%, with the most common being trichoepithelioma) and gerbils (66.7%, scent gland epithelioma). Soft tissue sarcomas were a predominant group of tumours in rats (52.8%, with the most common being fibrosarcoma), African pygmy hedgehogs (100%), degus (87.5%) and chinchillas (66.7%). Melanocytic tumours were only sporadically seen in small mammal pets. Mast cell tumours were diagnosed only in ferrets, while epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed only in a hamster and a degu. In summary, malignant tumours constitute a significant percentage of cutaneous tumours in many species of small mammal pets. Therefore, each cutaneous tumour should be sampled for further cytologic or histopathologic diagnosis.
PubMed: 35454212
DOI: 10.3390/ani12080965