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The Pan African Medical Journal 2021Dentigerous cysts, also called follicular cysts, are slow-growing benign odontogenic cysts that are thought to be developmental in origin. On imaging, they usually... (Review)
Review
Dentigerous cysts, also called follicular cysts, are slow-growing benign odontogenic cysts that are thought to be developmental in origin. On imaging, they usually present as a well-defined and unilocular radiolucency surrounding the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth. This article presents a case of unilateral mandibular dentigerous cysts associated with unerupted mandibular canine in a healthy patient treated by enucleation, along with a review of the literature and an examination of the treatment modality. The aim of this paper is to highlight how to choose the adequate treatment for dentigerous cyst cases.
Topics: Dentigerous Cyst; Humans
PubMed: 34925684
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.149.28645 -
JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical... Jul 2022Ameloblastomas of jaws are benign odontogenic tumors of epithelial origin with four clinical variants: solid multicystic type, unicystic type, desmoplastic type, and...
UNLABELLED
Ameloblastomas of jaws are benign odontogenic tumors of epithelial origin with four clinical variants: solid multicystic type, unicystic type, desmoplastic type, and extraosseous type. The incidence rate of ameloblastoma is 0.92 per million person-years. Unicystic ameloblastoma refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical and radiologic characteristics of an odontogenic cyst but shows a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining part of the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor proliferation on histological examination. Here is a unique case of unicystic ameloblastoma involving the mandible in a 70-year-old patient. The case was managed by segmental mandibulectomy and flap repair. Unicystic ameloblastoma accounts for only 13% of all known cases in scientific literature. Considering the rarity of the lesion, the purpose of presenting this report on a clinical case is to emphasize the importance of radiological evaluation and histopathological examination for the diagnosis of ameloblastoma.
KEYWORDS
ameloblastoma; odontogenic cysts; odontogenic tumors; segmental mandibulectomy.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Ameloblastoma; Mandible; Odontogenic Tumors; Odontogenic Cysts; Jaw
PubMed: 36705195
DOI: 10.31729/jnma.7566 -
Journal of Nippon Medical School =... Mar 2022Simple hepatic cysts are typically saccular, thin-walled masses with fluid-filled epithelial lined cavities. They arise from aberrant bile duct cells that develop during...
Simple hepatic cysts are typically saccular, thin-walled masses with fluid-filled epithelial lined cavities. They arise from aberrant bile duct cells that develop during embryonic development. With the development of diagnostic modalities such as ultrasonography (US), CT, and MRI, simple hepatic cysts are frequently detected in clinical examinations. US is the most useful and noninvasive tool for diagnosis of simple hepatic cysts and can usually differentiate simple hepatic cysts from abscesses, hemangiomas, and malignancies. Cysts with irregular walls, septations, calcifications, or daughter cysts on US should be evaluated with enhanced CT or MRI, to differentiate simple hepatic cysts from cystic neoplasms or hydatid cysts. Growth and compression of hepatic cysts cause abdominal discomfort, pain, distension, and dietary symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, a feeling of fullness, and early satiety. Complications of simple hepatic cysts include infection, spontaneous hemorrhage, rupture, and external compression of biliary tree or major vessels. Asymptomatic simple hepatic cysts do not require treatment. Treatment for symptomatic simple hepatic cysts includes percutaneous aspiration, aspiration followed by sclerotherapy, and surgery. The American College of Gastroenterology clinical guidelines recommend laparoscopic fenestration because of its high success rate and low invasiveness. Percutaneous procedures for treatment of simple hepatic cysts are particularly effective for immediate palliation of patient symptoms; however, they are not generally recommended because of the high rate of recurrence. Management of simple hepatic cysts requires correct differentiation from neoplasms and infections, and selection of a reliable treatment.
Topics: Cysts; Humans; Liver Diseases; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 34526451
DOI: 10.1272/jnms.JNMS.2022_89-115 -
Nature Medicine Jan 2021Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) are progressive, multicellular neoplasms that cause morbidity and may transform to sarcoma. Treatment of...
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) plexiform neurofibromas (PNs) are progressive, multicellular neoplasms that cause morbidity and may transform to sarcoma. Treatment of Nf1;Postn-Cre mice with cabozantinib, an inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases, caused a reduction in PN size and number and differential modulation of kinases in cell lineages that drive PN growth. Based on these findings, the Neurofibromatosis Clinical Trials Consortium conducted a phase II, open-label, nonrandomized Simon two-stage study to assess the safety, efficacy and biologic activity of cabozantinib in patients ≥16 years of age with NF1 and progressive or symptomatic, inoperable PN ( NCT02101736 ). The trial met its primary outcome, defined as ≥25% of patients achieving a partial response (PR, defined as ≥20% reduction in target lesion volume as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)) after 12 cycles of therapy. Secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs), patient-reported outcomes (PROs) assessing pain and quality of life (QOL), pharmacokinetics (PK) and the levels of circulating endothelial cells and cytokines. Eight of 19 evaluable (42%) trial participants achieved a PR. The median change in tumor volume was 15.2% (range, +2.2% to -36.9%), and no patients had disease progression while on treatment. Nine patients required dose reduction or discontinuation of therapy due to AEs; common AEs included gastrointestinal toxicity, hypothyroidism, fatigue and palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia. A total of 11 grade 3 AEs occurred in eight patients. Patients with PR had a significant reduction in tumor pain intensity and pain interference in daily life but no change in global QOL scores. These data indicate that cabozantinib is active in NF1-associated PN, resulting in tumor volume reduction and pain improvement.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anilides; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Genes, Neurofibromatosis 1; Humans; Male; Mice; Mice, Mutant Strains; Neurofibroma, Plexiform; Neurofibromatosis 1; Pain Measurement; Prospective Studies; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Pyridines; Quality of Life; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Translational Research, Biomedical; Young Adult
PubMed: 33442015
DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-01193-6 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Feb 2023Different congenital and acquired lesions can present as a cystic mass of the neck. The diagnostics and treatment of these is described in this review. Ultrasound and... (Review)
Review
Different congenital and acquired lesions can present as a cystic mass of the neck. The diagnostics and treatment of these is described in this review. Ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration biopsy are essential in the diagnostic workup of neck cysts, and especially cysts located laterally in the neck in adults over 40 years of age require further examination, due to the risk of malignancy. Treatment of the cysts depends on the type and location and can consist of aspiration, surgery, and sclerotherapy. Especially cystic thyroid nodules and macrocystic lymphatic malformations may be treated with schlerotherapy.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Middle Aged; Neck; Thyroid Nodule; Ultrasonography; Cysts; Thyroid Neoplasms
PubMed: 36896617
DOI: No ID Found -
Turkish Neurosurgery 2020To evaluate the factors affecting the clinical and radiological findings of juxtafacet cyst patients.
AIM
To evaluate the factors affecting the clinical and radiological findings of juxtafacet cyst patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Between January 2011 and December 2018, eight patients diagnosed with juxtafacet cyst were reviewed, retrospectively. Patient demographics; signs and symptoms; and neurological examination, radiological, and surgical findings were noted.
RESULTS
The mean age was 54 years (range, 34â€"69 years) with five (62.5%) females and three (37.5%) males. There were nine juxtafacet cysts in eight patients. Five cysts (55.5%) were located at the L3â€"L4 level, two cysts (22.2%) at the L4â€"L5 level, and two cysts (22.2%) at the L5â€"S1 level. In all patients with L3â€"L4 cysts, the intercrest line was intersecting the spinal column at L4 vertebral body level. The most frequent symptoms were back pain and radiculopathy. Magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography revealed degenerative facet arthropathy in six patients (75%). Three patients (37.5%) had a medical history of trauma. One patient (12.5%) was treated conservatively. Seven patients (87.5%) were advised to undergo surgical treatment.
CONCLUSION
Degeneration and instability are the main causes of juxtafacet cysts. They are mainly seen at the L4â€"L5 level due to higher movement capacity of this level. But, if the intercrest line intersects the spinal column at higher levels, degeneration and instability risks move to upper levels, and juxtafacet cysts may occur at the L3â€"L4 or upper levels.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Female; Ganglion Cysts; Humans; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration; Lumbosacral Region; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Synovial Cyst
PubMed: 32091121
DOI: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.27588-19.2 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Oct 2023Giant ovarian tumors are rare, as most cases are diagnosed during routine gynecological check-ups or abdominal ultrasound examinations. They are a challenge for...
Giant ovarian tumors are rare, as most cases are diagnosed during routine gynecological check-ups or abdominal ultrasound examinations. They are a challenge for gynecologists and surgeons. Diagnosis in such patients is difficult due to the limitations of the medical apparatus. Perioperative management requires specialized anesthetic medical care and is associated with high mortality. The paper presents the case of a 23-year-old woman with a giant ovarian serous tumor, characterized by an enlargement of the abdominal circumference, periodic abdominal pain, irregular menstruation, and infertility. The patient attributed these nonspecific symptoms to obesity; therefore, she was hesitant to schedule a doctor's appointment. The patient underwent laparotomy, and the cyst originating from the left ovary was removed along with part of the organ. An intraoperative examination was performed. After confirming the benign nature of the lesion, the operation was completed. In our work, we concentrated on the multidisciplinary care of the patient who required enhanced medical care from the internal medicine, cardiology, anesthesiology, rehabilitation medicine, and gynecology specialists. There were no hemodynamic changes in the heart during hospitalization. There were no significant early or late postoperative complications. In this case, we also paid attention to compression symptoms resulting from a giant ovarian tumor and the high risk of intraoperative complications resulting from its resection.
Topics: Female; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Ovarian Neoplasms; Ultrasonography; Cysts; Anesthesiology
PubMed: 37893550
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101833 -
BMJ Case Reports Feb 2015Cystic meningioma is an uncommon form of meningioma and the radiological appearance and location of the cystic/solid components of the mass may create a diagnostic...
Cystic meningioma is an uncommon form of meningioma and the radiological appearance and location of the cystic/solid components of the mass may create a diagnostic dilemma. We report on the case of an 80-year-old left-handed man who presented with recurrent focal motor seizures and secondary generalisation. A large left-sided parieto-occipital cystic mass was detected on contrast CT of the brain. The appearance suggested a malignant tumour. However, brain MRI with gadolinium delineated the solid and cystic component precisely. A provisional diagnosis of cystic meningioma was made and this was confirmed histologically after resecting the tumour surgically. It was a benign WHO Grade I fibroblastic meningioma. The preoperative diagnosis of cystic meningioma is not that straightforward. Brain MRI with gadolinium has a better diagnostic yield than CT scanning. Histopathological examination of the tumour cells should always be performed to confirm the category and subtype of the tumour.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Brain Neoplasms; Cysts; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meningioma; Occipital Lobe; Parietal Lobe; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 25670784
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-207690 -
Monaldi Archives For Chest Disease =... Sep 2017Thoracic cage is the site of development of various primary or metastatic tumors. An aneurysmal rib cyst is a benign tumor arising from the chest wall. Aneurysmal rib...
Thoracic cage is the site of development of various primary or metastatic tumors. An aneurysmal rib cyst is a benign tumor arising from the chest wall. Aneurysmal rib cyst is considered a rare surgical entity and its presence must be followed by removal for histology examination. We present here the case of an aneurysmal rib cyst to a young 33-year-old female. The tumor was presented as an expanding left anterior second rib mass during a self-breast examination. Chest x-ray showed a shadow on the left upper lung area and CT scan revealed a large multicystic mass in the anterolateral left 2nd rib protruding underneath the thoracic major muscle. We discuss the clinicopathological characteristics of this tumor and its surgical management along with a short literature review.
Topics: Adult; Aftercare; Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal; Female; Humans; Ribs; Thoracic Wall; Thoracotomy; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29424198
DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2017.860 -
Zhurnal Voprosy Neirokhirurgii Imeni N.... 2017A pineal cyst (PC) is a benign neoplasm in the pineal region, or more precisely in the pineal body. Most cysts are incidental findings and are not associated with... (Review)
Review
UNLABELLED
A pineal cyst (PC) is a benign neoplasm in the pineal region, or more precisely in the pineal body. Most cysts are incidental findings and are not associated with symptoms typical of patients seeking medical advice. Symptomatic cysts are discovered less often and, depending on the clinical picture, require different treatment approaches.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We analyzed the literature data about the clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment of PCs for more than a century (1914-2016).
CONCLUSION
To date, there is no single approach for managing PC patients. The indications for surgical treatment of symptomatic PCs are still not fully defined. It remains unclear which PC cases should be followed-up, and how often control examinations should be performed. More research of PCs is needed to develop new approaches to treatment of PC patients.
Topics: Cysts; Humans; Pineal Gland; Pinealoma
PubMed: 28914878
DOI: 10.17116/neiro2017814113-120