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Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2021Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is an important tool in the diagnosis, evaluation and follow up of glaucoma patients. Even if we are dealing with a primary angle closure... (Review)
Review
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is an important tool in the diagnosis, evaluation and follow up of glaucoma patients. Even if we are dealing with a primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) or a primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patient, the mechanism of angle closure can be revealed by performing an UBM. The device can help differentiate between the two types of glaucoma even in patients with opaque corneas when gonioscopy cannot be performed. Knowing the type of glaucoma is vital, especially regarding an individualized treatment, since each patient is unique and needs to be treated accordingly, in order to prevent glaucomatous optic neuropathy and visual field loss. : AC = anterior chamber, ICE = iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, IOP = intraocular pressure, NTG = normal tension glaucoma, PACG = primary angle closure glaucoma, PC = posterior chamber, PEX = pseudoexfoliation syndrome, POAG = primary open angle glaucoma, UBM = ultrasound biomicroscopy.
Topics: Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Microscopy, Acoustic; Tonometry, Ocular; Visual Fields
PubMed: 34179574
DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2021.24 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jun 2023UBM is a high-resolution ultrasound technique which allows non-invasive, in vivo imaging of the anterior segment and iridocorneal angle.
BACKGROUND
UBM is a high-resolution ultrasound technique which allows non-invasive, in vivo imaging of the anterior segment and iridocorneal angle.
PURPOSE
This video is compilation of short video clips and images which gives description on identification of angle closure due to pupillary block, peripheral anterior synechiae, iris bombe, plateau iris, supra ciliary effusion, and malignant glaucoma. It also shows video demonstrating partially and fully patent iridotomy and features of trabeculectomy bleb. Synopsis: This video summarizes importance of UBM application in angle closure glaucoma to understand its pathophysiology by showing the relationship between the peripheral iris, trabecular meshwork and ciliary processes.
HIGHLIGHTS
UBM provides two-dimensional, grayscale images of the angle structures and allows identification of non-pupillary block mechanism in angle closure glaucoma, which can be recorded for qualitative and quantitative analyses.
VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/prsmGnR8jYc.
Topics: Humans; Ciliary Body; Eye Abnormalities; Glaucoma; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Iris; Iris Diseases; Microscopy, Acoustic; Pupil Disorders
PubMed: 37322722
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_153_23 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2015The objective of our study was to review the current knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment options of plateau iris configuration and syndrome. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The objective of our study was to review the current knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment options of plateau iris configuration and syndrome.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW METHODOLOGY
Relevant publications on plateau iris that were published until 2014.
CONCLUSIONS
Plateau iris syndrome is a form of primary angle closure glaucoma caused by a large or anteriorly positioned ciliary body that leads to mechanical obstruction of trabecular meshwork. This condition is most often found in younger patients. Plateau iris has been considered an abnormal anatomic variant of the iris that can be diagnosed on ultrasound biomicroscopy or optical coherence tomography of anterior segment. Patients with plateau iris syndrome can be recognized by the lack of response in angle opening after iridotomy. The treatment of choice in these cases is argon laser peripheral iridoplasty.
Topics: Argon; Ciliary Body; Diagnosis, Differential; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Humans; Iridectomy; Iris; Laser Therapy; Microscopy, Acoustic; Syndrome; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Trabecular Meshwork; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27373109
DOI: No ID Found -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology May 2023Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique, which allows noninvasive, in vivo imaging of the ocular anterior segment structures.
BACKGROUND
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a high-resolution ultrasound technique, which allows noninvasive, in vivo imaging of the ocular anterior segment structures.
PURPOSE
This video gives a description of the identification of the iridocorneal angle structures in the cross-sectional view in a radial scan through a typical ciliary process and a guide toward measuring the angle parameters.
SYNOPSIS
UBM provides two-dimensional, grayscale images of the iridocorneal angle. The real-time image is displayed on a video monitor and can be recorded for qualitative and quantitative analysis. The angle parameters can be measured by in-built calipers in the machine software and manipulated by the examiner. Highlights: This video demonstrates UBM caliper positions as displayed on the monitor and marked by the examiner for the measurement of various anterior segment parameters of the eye.
VIDEO LINK
https://youtu.be/WTXMupYoyww.
Topics: Humans; Anterior Chamber; Anterior Eye Segment; Ciliary Body; Cross-Sectional Studies; Microscopy, Acoustic
PubMed: 37203007
DOI: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_3369_22 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Feb 2022Chronic uveitis can lead to hypotony that may result in severe visual impairment. We highlight the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) as an imaging tool to decide the...
PURPOSE
Chronic uveitis can lead to hypotony that may result in severe visual impairment. We highlight the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) as an imaging tool to decide the modality of therapy and management of uveitic hypotony.
METHODS
This was a retrospective hospital-based interventional case-series study that included a total of 36 eyes of 25 patients with uveitic hypotony seen between January 1997 and January 2020.
RESULTS
Thirty-six eyes of 25 patients with uveitic ocular hypotony were included. Unilateral involvement was seen in 56%. The median age of presentation was 21 years with a median follow-up of 21.5 months. Anterior uveitis was noted in 13.88%, intermediate uveitis in 52.77%, and panuveitis in 33.33% eyes. UBM findings commonly noted were pars plana membranes, supraciliary effusion, blunted ciliary process, and ciliary body traction. Other findings included ciliochoroidal detachment and ciliary body edema. Moreover, 22.2% eyes were managed with medical therapy alone, whereas 77.8% eyes received both medical and surgical intervention based on UBM findings. Furthermore, 66.7% eyes showed improvement in intraocular pressure, 13.9% eyes maintained the same IOP, whereas 19.4% eyes had worsening of IOP at final follow-up.
CONCLUSION
We found UBM as a useful imaging tool in evaluating and judiciously deciding the mode of management of uveitic hypotony.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Microscopy, Acoustic; Ocular Hypotension; Retrospective Studies; Tonometry, Ocular; Uveitis; Vitrectomy; Young Adult
PubMed: 35086213
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1313_21 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia 2008The term plateau iris was first coined in 1958 to describe the iris configuration of a patient. Two years later the concept of plateau iris was published. In 1977, the... (Review)
Review
The term plateau iris was first coined in 1958 to describe the iris configuration of a patient. Two years later the concept of plateau iris was published. In 1977, the plateau iris configuration was classically defined as presurgical changes of an eye with a relative normal central anterior chamber depth, flat iris by conventional biomicroscopy, but displaying an extremely narrow or closed angle on gonioscopic examination. On the other hand, the plateau iris syndrome was defined as an acute glaucoma crisis in one eye with a relative normal central anterior chamber depth and patent iridotomy on direct examination, presenting angle closure confirmed by gonioscopic examination after mydriasis. In 1992, the anatomic aspects of plateau iris were studied using ultrasound biomicroscopy. Finally, plateau iris has been considered an anatomic variant of iris structure in which the iris periphery angulates sharply forward from its insertion point and then again angulates sharply and centrally backward, along with an anterior positioning of the ciliary processes seen on ultrasound biomicroscopy. The clinical treatment of plateau iris syndrome is carried out with topical use of pilocarpine. However, the definitive treatment should be fulfilled by performing an argon laser peripheral iridoplasty.
Topics: Gonioscopy; Humans; Iris Diseases; Laser Therapy; Microscopy, Acoustic; Miotics; Pilocarpine; Syndrome
PubMed: 19039479
DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27492008000500029 -
Journal of Biomedicine & Biotechnology 2012Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a noninvasive multimodality technique that allows high-resolution imaging in mice. It is affordable, widely available, and portable.... (Review)
Review
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is a noninvasive multimodality technique that allows high-resolution imaging in mice. It is affordable, widely available, and portable. When it is coupled to Doppler ultrasound with color and power Doppler, it can be used to quantify blood flow and to image microcirculation as well as the response of tumor blood supply to cancer therapy. Target contrast ultrasound combines ultrasound with novel molecular targeted contrast agent to assess biological processes at molecular level. UBM is useful to investigate the growth and differentiation of tumors as well as to detect early molecular expression of cancer-related biomarkers in vivo and to monitor the effects of cancer therapies. It can be also used to visualize the embryological development of mice in uterus or to examine their cardiovascular development. The availability of real-time imaging of mice anatomy allows performing aspiration procedures under ultrasound guidance as well as the microinjection of cells, viruses, or other agents into precise locations. This paper will describe some basic principles of high-resolution imaging equipment, and the most important applications in molecular and preclinical imaging in small animal research.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Mice; Microscopy, Acoustic; Molecular Imaging
PubMed: 22163379
DOI: 10.1155/2012/519238 -
Eye (London, England) Jan 2021Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is the only available option for noninvasive, high-resolution imaging of the intricate iridociliary complex, and for anterior segment... (Review)
Review
Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) is the only available option for noninvasive, high-resolution imaging of the intricate iridociliary complex, and for anterior segment imaging with corneal haze or opacity. While these unique features render UBM essential for specific types of trauma, congenital anomalies, and anterior segment tumors, UBM imaging has found clinical utility in a broad spectrum of diseases for structural assessments not limited to the anterior intraocular anatomy, but also for eyelid and orbit anatomy. This imaging tool has a very specific niche in the pediatric population where anterior segment disease can be accompanied by corneal opacity or clouding, and anomalies posterior to the iris may be present. Pediatric patients present additional diagnostic challenges. They are often unable to offer detailed histories or fully cooperate with examination, thus amplifying the need for high-resolution imaging. This purpose of this systematic review is to identify and synthesize the body of literature involving use of UBM to describe, evaluate, diagnose, or optimize treatment of pediatric ocular disease. The collated peer-reviewed research details the utility of this imaging modality, clarifies the structures and diseases most relevant for this tool, and describes quantitative and qualitative features of UBM imaging among pediatric subjects. This summary will include information about the specific applications available to enhance clinical care for pediatric eye disease.
Topics: Anterior Eye Segment; Child; Corneal Opacity; Eye Diseases; Humans; Iris; Microscopy, Acoustic; Ophthalmology
PubMed: 32963311
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-020-01184-4 -
Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021The front part of the eye is exposed to the surface of the body, making it susceptible to injury. Blunt eye injuries often destroy the tissue structure in the anterior...
The front part of the eye is exposed to the surface of the body, making it susceptible to injury. Blunt eye injuries often destroy the tissue structure in the anterior part of the eye. Often there is detachment of the iris root, separation of the ciliary body, the angle of retraction of the chamber, and complete dislocation or subluxation of the lens. Ordinary ocular ultrasound can penetrate into opaque tissue, but because of its low resolution, it can only show its outline, which is still very small for doctors in assisting diagnosis. Ultrasonic biomicroscopy is a very real-time analysis, will not be affected by the refraction space, and has great application value for ocular trauma. Based on this, this article proposes the ultrasound biomicroscope diagnosis analysis and fine nursing research of traumatic anterior chamber injury based on intelligent virtual reality technology. This article describes literature methods, experimental analysis methods, and other methods, in-depth study of the causes of traumatic anterior injuries, ultrasound biomicroscopy, and other theoretical knowledge, ultrasound biomicroscopy and microcontrol experiments for traumatic anterior injury design, and finally the causes of eye damage. This study compares the pairing results of ultrasound biomicroscopy biological measurements, analyzes the relationship between anterior bleeding level and anterior ocular injury, and analyzes the outcome and extent of service ophthalmology. The angle retreat accounted for 52.17% in grade I, 72.22% in grade II, and 60% in grade III. Anterior bleeding can cause single or complex iris root detachment, iris root detachment, ciliary body detachment, and angular leakage. The more the bleeding, the more serious the eye damage.
Topics: Anterior Chamber; Ciliary Body; Eye Injuries; Humans; Microscopy, Acoustic; Technology; Virtual Reality
PubMed: 34055276
DOI: 10.1155/2021/9930686 -
Equine Veterinary Journal Nov 2022The iridocorneal angle (ICA) is the major pathway of aqueous humour outflow from the anterior chamber of the eye. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has been utilised to...
BACKGROUND
The iridocorneal angle (ICA) is the major pathway of aqueous humour outflow from the anterior chamber of the eye. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has been utilised to characterise the morphology of this drainage pathway in numerous species. UBM may allow for early recognition of aqueous humour outflow obstructions in horses, allowing for earlier recognition of risk for glaucoma, a vision-threatening and painful disease. UBM morphology of the normal equine ICA has yet to be described.
OBJECTIVES
To determine the ultrasonographic morphology of the equine ICA by UBM in standing sedated horses.
STUDY DESIGN
In vivo experimental study.
METHODS
Thirty healthy adult horses underwent UBM of the ICA at four locations (superior, temporal, inferior, nasal) of each eye utilising standing sedation, topical anaesthesia and auriculopalpebral perineural anaesthesia. Anatomic structures were defined on ultrasound images through comparison to published histologic photomicrographs of the equine ICA.
RESULTS
Ultrasound imaging of the ICA at all four locations was easily performed in standing, sedated horses. High-resolution images of the ICA allowed for identification of the pectinate ligament, corneoscleral trabecular meshwork (TM), uveal TM and supraciliary TM.
MAIN LIMITATIONS
Pupil size was midrange in all eyes, but was not strictly controlled. Lighting conditions not controlled. Various breeds included.
CONCLUSION
In vivo UBM of the equine ICA is feasible and provides high-resolution images of the structures of the aqueous humour outflow pathway.
Topics: Animals; Anterior Chamber; Aqueous Humor; Eye Diseases; Horse Diseases; Horses; Microscopy, Acoustic; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 35568989
DOI: 10.1111/evj.13585