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Turkish Journal of Ophthalmology Aug 2023The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the diagnosis and follow-up anterior segment diseases.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to analyze the use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in the diagnosis and follow-up anterior segment diseases.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The records of patients who presented to our clinic for UBM between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic characteristics, indications for UBM imaging and findings of the patients were recorded. Also, the change in clinical indications over the years were analyzed.
RESULTS
The study included 1.256 eyes of 917 patients, of whom 723 (57.6%) were female and 533 (42.4%) were male. The mean age was 48.7±14.8 years (range: 12-85 years). Indications for UBM imaging were to evaluate glaucoma pathogenesis and surgical outcomes (n=764, 60.8%), iris and ciliary body masses (n=263, 20.9%), congenital anomalies of the crystalline lens and complications of cataract surgery (n=86, 6.8%), the etiology of hypotony (n=57, 4.5%), corneal diseases (n=46, 3.7%), anterior segment findings after trauma (n=22, 1.8%), conjunctival pathologies (n=11, 0.9%), and scleral pathologies (n=7, 0.6%). In patients with glaucoma, the most common reason for requesting UBM according to years was to investigate the plateau iris configuration.
CONCLUSION
UBM is an important imaging method used in the determination of the pathophysiology of anterior segment diseases, clinical evaluation, planning of surgical treatment and analyzing the outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Adult; Middle Aged; Microscopy, Acoustic; Retrospective Studies; Cataract Extraction; Conjunctiva; Glaucoma
PubMed: 37602551
DOI: 10.4274/tjo.galenos.2022.58201 -
Clinical & Experimental Optometry May 2022Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an objective method for assessing changes in anterior segment biometry. There is a paucity of data on the reliability of this method. A... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Ultrasound biomicroscopy is an objective method for assessing changes in anterior segment biometry. There is a paucity of data on the reliability of this method. A reliable method for assessing anterior segment changes during physiologically driven accommodation can be a useful tool for clinicians, researchers, and industry.
BACKGROUND
To assess the test-retest reliability of ultrasound biomicroscopy for measurements of change in anterior chamber depth during a distance to near fixation task in pseudophakic subjects.
METHODS
Subjects were adults with monofocal intraocular lenses implanted in both eyes who completed a 6-month post-operative period and had monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity of 6/15 (0.4 logMAR) or better. The change in anterior chamber depth during a distance to near fixation task was measured with a 35-MHz VuMAX HD ultrasound biomicroscopy device (Sonomed Escalon, New Hyde Park, NY) during two separate visits. An asymmetrical vergence paradigm allowed evaluation of anterior segment biometry at 22-µm axial resolution in one eye, while the fellow eye fixated on the target. To assess the test-retest reliability, 2-sided 95% CI from a paired test was calculated for the difference in anterior chamber depth change from distance to near between visits.
RESULTS
The mean (standard deviation) near-focused anterior chamber depth measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy was 4.331 (0.237) and 4.333 (0.241) mm at visits 1 and 2, respectively. In response to a change in fixation from distance (4 m) to near (40 cm), the mean anterior chamber depth change was -0.012 (0.038) and 0.003 (0.039) mm at visits 1 and 2, respectively. Analysis of the difference in the change in anterior chamber depth between visits was -0.015 mm (95% CI, -0.035 to 0.003).
CONCLUSION
Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a repeatable, objective method for assessing change in anterior segment biometry during physiological changes in fixation from distance to near.
Topics: Accommodation, Ocular; Adult; Biometry; Humans; Lenses, Intraocular; Microscopy, Acoustic; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 34228948
DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2021.1924624 -
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia Jun 2018We aimed to report the ocular manifestations observed in patients with psoriasis.
PURPOSE
We aimed to report the ocular manifestations observed in patients with psoriasis.
METHODS
Patients were included and referred to our ophthalmology clinic from dermatology clinics of Universidade do Estado do Pará between October 2013 and August 2014. Clinical interviews were conducted to identify relevant epidemiological data, clinical features, and treatment details, and data were recorded using the same protocol. Subsequent dermatological examinations were performed and disease severity was rated using the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index and the Dermatological Life Quality Index. Complete eye examination was conducted, including visual acuity, biomicroscopy, tonometry, fundoscopy, Schirmer I test, tear breakup time, rose bengal staining, ocular surface disease index, and glaucoma tests.
RESULTS
In total, we included 43 patients with psoriasis and 86 controls. Patients with psoriasis had statistically higher incidences of dry eye (16.28%), likely dry eye (32.56%), and blepharitis (16.28%). Furthermore, the rose bengal and ocular surface disease tests were more abnormal in patients with psoriasis (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients with psoriasis should undergo regular eye exams, regardless of risk factors, to monitor for the progression of symptomatic or asymptomatic ocular manifestations.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Eye Diseases; Female; Humans; Male; Microscopy, Acoustic; Middle Aged; Psoriasis; Severity of Illness Index; Tonometry, Ocular; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 29924189
DOI: 10.5935/0004-2749.20180044 -
Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology Jul 2021Most of the ciliary body and ciliary processes of the eye cannot be directly visualized in vivo because of the posterior location of the pars plicata to the posterior...
Most of the ciliary body and ciliary processes of the eye cannot be directly visualized in vivo because of the posterior location of the pars plicata to the posterior chamber and iris. However, ciliary anatomy can be effectively imaged using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) by placing the probe close to the limbus, perpendicular to this structure. Previous studies measuring ciliary body parameters in meridian UBM images found that these parameters were measured with poor reliability and repeatability. This study evaluates the intra-observer reliability and inter-observer agreement of a standardized protocol for measuring six ciliary parameters in transverse or quadrant UBM images that capture an entire row of ciliary processes. All six ciliary parameters have high intra-observer reliability, with ciliary body thickness, ciliary process length and ciliary process density measurements being the most consistent for each observer. The coefficient of variation for each observer ranged from 1.4%-15%. Inter-observer agreement was also high for all six parameters, with an intra-class correlation coefficient >0.8. Utilizing transverse UBM images of the pars plicata allows for consistent quantitative analysis in control subjects.
Topics: Ciliary Body; Humans; Microscopy, Acoustic; Observer Variation; Reproducibility of Results
PubMed: 33858721
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2021.03.002 -
Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology Jan 2009This report summarizes the physics, technology and clinical application of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) of the eye, in which frequencies of 35 MHz and above provide... (Review)
Review
This report summarizes the physics, technology and clinical application of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) of the eye, in which frequencies of 35 MHz and above provide over a threefold improvement in resolution compared with conventional ophthalmic ultrasound systems. UBM allows imaging of anatomy and pathology involving the anterior segment, including regions obscured by overlying optically opaque anatomic or pathologic structures. UBM provides diagnostically significant information in conditions such as glaucoma, cysts and neoplasms, trauma and foreign bodies. UBM also can provide crucial biometric information regarding anterior segment structures, including the cornea and its constituent layers and the anterior and posterior chambers. Although UBM has now been in use for over 15 years, new technologies, including transducer arrays, pulse encoding and combination of ultrasound with light, offer the potential for significant advances in high-resolution diagnostic imaging of the eye.
Topics: Cysts; Eye; Eye Diseases; Eye Foreign Bodies; Eye Injuries; Eye Neoplasms; Glaucoma; Humans; Microscopy, Acoustic; Transducers
PubMed: 19138310
DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2008.01892.x -
Experimental Eye Research Jan 2021Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) has significant potential as a promising diagnostic method for eye diseases and can provide anatomic and functional information of the...
Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) has significant potential as a promising diagnostic method for eye diseases and can provide anatomic and functional information of the retinal and choroidal vasculature. However, there are no FDA-approved PAM systems for ophthalmic imaging. In this study, a comprehensive safety evaluation was performed to evaluate the safety of PAM retinal imaging and whether PAM causes damage to retinal structure or function in rabbit eyes. 12 Dutch-Belted pigmented rabbits received photoacoustic imaging to 57% of the retinal surface area with a laser energy of 5% of the ANSI safety limit for five consecutive days and followed before imaging and 3 days, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks post imaging. Retinal morphologic analyses using slit lamp examination, fundus photography, red free, FA, FAF, ICGA, and OCT showed no retinal hemorrhage, edema, detachment, vascular abnormalities, or pigmentary abnormalities in the retina or choroid after PAM imaging. Full-field ERG analysis showed no significant difference in scotopic or photopic a- and b-wave amplitudes or implicit times between the control and experimental eyes over time (n = 6, P values > 0.05). Retinal ultrastructural evaluation using TEM showed normal structure of organelles and nuclei, and no significant loss of cells after PAM. TUNEL assay showed no evidence of cells apoptosis in retina. Retinal histopathology indicated that the architecture and thickness of the retinal layers was well preserved in all experimental eyes. A positive control at 500% of the ANSI limit demonstrated significant damage. The comprehensive retinal safety evaluation demonstrated no damage to retinal structure or function for 4 weeks after PAM imaging in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Microscopy, Acoustic; Models, Animal; Photoacoustic Techniques; Rabbits; Reproducibility of Results; Retina; Retinal Vessels
PubMed: 33242491
DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108368 -
BMC Ophthalmology Sep 2022To evaluate a new method of implantable collamer lens (ICL) sizing based on ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) video clips. (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
To evaluate a new method of implantable collamer lens (ICL) sizing based on ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) video clips.
METHODS
This observational study included consecutive patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism scheduled for V4c toric ICL (TICL) implantation (STAAR) at Hangzhou MSK Eye Hospital (October 2020 to November 2020). Sulcus-to-sulcus (STS) distance, lens thickness (LT), and clinical refraction were measured preoperatively. The ZZ ICL formula (provides the predicted vault height and refraction based on TICL size, intraocular meridian, power, and eye parameters, including STS distance and LT) was used to select TICL size and predict vault height and residual refraction, which was also compared with the STAAR software recommended. Vault and residual refraction were measured at 3 months postoperatively.
RESULTS
The analysis included 168 eyes in 84 patients. Postoperative vault size was comparable to that predicted by the ZZ ICL formula (528 ± 193 vs. 545 ± 156 μm, P = 0.227). Vault prediction error (PE) by the ZZ ICL formula was within 100, 300, and 500 μm in 40.48%, 88.10%, and 100% of eyes, respectively. Spherical equivalent (SE) and absolute cylindrical refractive error were 0.36 ± 0.48 and 0.40 ± 0.31 D at 3 months postoperatively. The SE PE, absolute cylindrical PE, and percentages of eyes with an absolute cylindrical PE within ± 0.50 D and ± 1.00 D were lower for the ZZ ICL formula than for the STAAR software (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Combining measurements obtained in UBM video clips with the ZZ ICL formula provides an effective method of sizing TICLs and predicting vault height and residual refractive error.
Topics: Humans; Lens Implantation, Intraocular; Microscopy, Acoustic; Phakic Intraocular Lenses; Refractive Errors; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 36071422
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02583-9 -
Middle East African Journal of... 2016This study evaluated the feasibility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for the imaging of EX-PRESS(®) implant. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
This study evaluated the feasibility of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) for the imaging of EX-PRESS(®) implant.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This nonrandomized comparative case series was performed at the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece. The Ellex Eye Cubed (40 MHz) UBM and the Zeiss Visante OCT systems were used. The filtering bleb morphology (BL), aqueous outflow (AS), and tube position (TB) were evaluated by two independent observers using a quality scale of 1 (worst) to 4 (best). Data were also collected on corneal and iris clearance from the tip of the tube (CC and IC, respectively). Data from both the devices were statistically analyzed. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
RESULTS
Ten eyes of 10 patients (6 males) with EX-PRESS(®) implant were examined. TB, AS, and BL scores using UBM were 2.40 ± 0.39, 3.45 ± 0.72, and 2.45 ± 0.64, respectively. TB, AS, and BL scores for OCT were 3.35 ± 0.41, 1.55 ± 0.43, and 2.55 ± 0.55, respectively. AS was significantly higher with UBM whereas the opposite was true for TB. Differences in BL between OCT and UBM were not statistically significant (P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Imaging of the EX-PRESS(®) implant is feasible with both UBM and OCT. Both modalities allow visualization of the position of the implant tube in relation to the iris or cornea and delineate the internal structure of the filtering bleb.
Topics: Aged; Anterior Eye Segment; Aqueous Humor; Female; Glaucoma Drainage Implants; Glaucoma, Open-Angle; Humans; Intraocular Pressure; Male; Microscopy, Acoustic; Middle Aged; Prosthesis Implantation; Tomography, Optical Coherence; Tonometry, Ocular
PubMed: 26957849
DOI: 10.4103/0974-9233.171774 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Jan 2011Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a major form of glaucoma in large populous countries in East and South Asia. The high visual morbidity from PACG is related to... (Review)
Review
Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a major form of glaucoma in large populous countries in East and South Asia. The high visual morbidity from PACG is related to the destructive nature of the asymptomatic form of the disease. Early detection of anatomically narrow angles is important and the subsequent prevention of visual loss from PACG depends on an accurate assessment of the anterior chamber angle (ACA). This review paper discusses the advantages and limitations of newer ACA imaging technologies, namely ultrasound biomicroscopy, Scheimpflug photography, anterior segment optical coherence tomography and EyeCam, highlighting the current clinical evidence comparing these devices with each other and with clinical dynamic indentation gonioscopy, the current reference standard.
Topics: Anterior Chamber; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Early Diagnosis; Glaucoma, Angle-Closure; Gonioscopy; Humans; Microscopy, Acoustic; Photography; Tomography, Optical Coherence
PubMed: 21150037
DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.73699 -
European Cells & Materials Feb 2010The increasing spectrum of different cartilage repair strategies requires the introduction of adequate non-destructive methods to analyse their outcome in-vivo, i.e....
The increasing spectrum of different cartilage repair strategies requires the introduction of adequate non-destructive methods to analyse their outcome in-vivo, i.e. arthroscopically. The validity of non-destructive quantitative ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was investigated in knee joints of five miniature pigs. After 12 weeks, six 5-mm defects, treated with different cartilage repair approaches, provided tissues with different structural qualities. Healthy articular cartilage from each contralateral unoperated knee joint served as a control. The reflected and backscattered ultrasound signals were processed to estimate the integrated reflection coefficient (IRC) and apparent integrated backscatter (AIB) parameters. The cartilage repair tissues were additionally assessed biomechanically by cyclic indentation, histomorphologically and immunohistochemically. UBM allowed high-resolution visualisation of the structure of the joint surface and subchondral bone plate, as well as determination of the cartilage thickness and demonstrated distinct differences between healthy cartilage and the different repair cartilage tissues with significant higher IRC values and a steeper negative slope of the depth-dependent backscatter amplitude AIBslope for healthy cartilage. Multimodal analyses revealed associations between IRC and the indentation stiffness. Furthermore, AIBslope and AIB at the cartilage-bone boundary (AIBdC) were associated with the quality of the repair matrices and the subchondral bone plate, respectively. This ex-vivo pilot study confirms that UBM can provide detailed imaging of articular cartilage and the subchondral bone interface also in repaired cartilage defects, and furthermore, contributes in certain aspects to a basal functional characterization of various forms of cartilage repair tissues. UBM could be further established to be applied arthroscopically in-vivo.
Topics: Animals; Biomechanical Phenomena; Bone and Bones; Calcification, Physiologic; Cartilage, Articular; Cell Proliferation; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Chondrocytes; Extracellular Matrix; Female; Graft Survival; Guided Tissue Regeneration; Knee Injuries; Membranes, Artificial; Microscopy, Acoustic; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Regeneration; Sus scrofa; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Tissue Transplantation
PubMed: 20186666
DOI: 10.22203/ecm.v019a07