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Scandinavian Journal of Pain Jan 2022Perceived injustice is a theoretical construct comprising elements of loss, attribution of blame, and sense of unfairness. Patients with chronic pain often report high...
OBJECTIVES
Perceived injustice is a theoretical construct comprising elements of loss, attribution of blame, and sense of unfairness. Patients with chronic pain often report high levels of perceived injustice, which can have negative impact on physiological and psychosocial aspects and treatment outcome. The Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ) is a self-report 12-item questionnaire that shows good reliability and validity in patients with chronic pain. This study aimed to translate, validate, and expand the use of the Norwegian Injustice Experience Questionnaire (IEQ-N) to a chronic pain population.
METHODS
A mixed-method approach was used to translate and validate the IEQ-N. It was forward-back translated, linguistically validated, and culturally adapted. Individual cognitive debriefing interviews (n=7) and a focus group interview (n=9) was used to explore the patients' experience with- and understanding of the questionnaire. Statistical descriptive, correlational, factor- and regression analyses were used to investigate the IEQ-N validity, reliability, and factorial structure in a large registry sample (n=3,068) of patients with chronic pain.
RESULTS
Patients with chronic pain found the IEQ-N relevant. Registry analyses supported that the IEQ-N had a one-factor structure. The internal consistency was high (Chronbach's alpha=0.92). The construct validity was good, with moderate to strong significant univariate correlation (r=0.29-0.71) (p<0.05) between perceived injustice and related constructs of pain catastrophizing, pain severity, disability, psychological distress, and quality of life. Perceived injustice contributed with significant but small unique variance to pain-related factors (i.e., pain intensity, pain-related disability, psychological distress), but the additional contribution beyond pain catastrophizing was small (0.2-6.7%) (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients in the study found the questionnaire relevant for their situation, and easy to understand. This study provides a reliable and valid Norwegian tool to assess perceived injustice in patients with chronic pain.
ETHICAL COMMITTEE NUMBER
REK sør-øst, 2016/1942.
Topics: Chronic Pain; Humans; Psychometrics; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34881536
DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2021-0177 -
Cureus Aug 2022Background is a frequent and challenging problem that may impact a patient's postoperative pain and satisfaction. The level of a patient's anxiety needs to be assessed...
Background is a frequent and challenging problem that may impact a patient's postoperative pain and satisfaction. The level of a patient's anxiety needs to be assessed through a valid and reliable instrument to prevent and treat preoperative anxiety effectively. One such reliable measurement scale is Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and information scale, which is based on a self-reported questionnaire but is still not validated in Arabic. Objective To validate the Arabic Version of the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) for assessing preoperative anxiety in the Arabic population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to translate and evaluate the validity of the APAIS in the Arabic version. The targeted population was Saudi adults undergoing surgery at the King Fahad Hospital in the Qassim region of Saudi Arabia. One hundred hospital patients were recruited and given the APAIS questionnaire to collect the data. The ethical considerations have been appropriately followed to protect the privacy of the patient's history. The collected data was qualitative and quantitative, which were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results The questionnaire showed high internal consistency on the anxiety scale (Cronbach's alpha: 0.851) and a strong correlation between age, chronic diseases, and surgery. While Cronbach's alpha for the information scale is 0.827. The gold standard curve between the worried and afraid two variables showed good efficiency during the configuration. In addition, the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) model of the Arabic version is a two-factor model to evaluate the validity of the Arabic version. Conclusion The Arabic Version of the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and information scale (APAIS) is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing preoperative anxiety. Using this validated scale for Arabic patients is feasible and shows promising results.
PubMed: 36134100
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28004 -
International Journal of Environmental... Sep 2022The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Intention for Warm-up among Children and Adolescents Scale (IWCAS). There were four phases and four sets of...
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Intention for Warm-up among Children and Adolescents Scale (IWCAS). There were four phases and four sets of participants in the development of the IWCAS. In the first phase, the domains of intention were defined, and related components were developed, organized, and validated. In the second phase, 446 elementary and middle school students participated in a pilot study for the first version of the scale, which was revised based on the information obtained. In the third phase, 12 graduates in sports pedagogy served on an expert panel and organized the items into domain areas and developed a second version of the IWCAS. In the final phase, 1322 elementary and middle school students from three k-12 schools completed the revised version of the IWCAS, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. Based on the results, the IWCAS was shortened by deleting some items in two domains; this resulted in 11 items of the final version with 3 domains: (1) attitude toward warm-up, (2) subjective norm, and (3) perceived behavioral control that, according to the indices, generate reliable and structurally valid scores. The composite internal consistency for the three domains ranged from 0.74 to 0.85. The researchers hypothesized the IWCAS is a valid and reliable scale, which can be used by P.E. teachers or coaches to evaluate the intention of primary and secondary school students to perform warm-ups.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Humans; Intention; Pilot Projects; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36078748
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191711033 -
Arquivos de Gastroenterologia 2023Thyroid dysfunction has been reported in association with several chronic diseases, including advanced liver disease. •The bundle discussed here is aimed at proposing... (Review)
Review
Thyroid dysfunction has been reported in association with several chronic diseases, including advanced liver disease. •The bundle discussed here is aimed at proposing systematic assistance according to the best evidence-based practices available. •The process of constructing and validating the bundle was carried out in the following stages: a) bibliographic survey; b) bundle elaboration; and c) content validation. •The bundle was considered valid to facilitate medical decision making, aiding physicians to manage, in a practical and effective manner, the thyroid function of patients with liver cirrhosis. Background - Thyroid dysfunction has been reported in association with several chronic diseases, including advanced liver disease. This disease and its management are often neglected in clinical practice. The bundle discussed here is aimed at proposing systematic assistance according to the best evidence-based practices available. Objective - To construct and validate a bundle to evaluate thyroid function in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods - The process of constructing and validating the bundle was carried out in the following stages: a) bibliographic survey; b) bundle elaboration; and c) content validation. The bibliographic survey was carried out in an integrative review about evidence related with the thyroid function of patients with liver cirrhosis. The findings from the integrative review were considered as supporting evidence for the elaboration of the bundle. The tool then created used accessible language and was evidence-based, ensuring that information was based on current literature. Results - The bundle was restructured to provide guidance on the management of patients with liver dysfunctions, including: cirrhosis due to general causes, cirrhosis due to hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, primary biliary cholangitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The orientations in the bundle included: exams to be requested to screen for thyroid disorders, and guidance about the treatment of these dysfunctions and their associated complications. We analyzed specialist evaluation of the bundle using the Content Validity Index (CVI). We carried out a binomial test to evaluate consistency and specialist agreement regarding the items in the bundle, considering values >0.61 as a good level. The items in the bundle were considered to be valid (CVI >0.80). The general CVI of the instrument was 0.95 (CI95%: 0.91-0.98). Conclusion - The bundle was considered valid to facilitate medical decision making, aiding physicians to manage, in a practical and effective approach, the thyroid function of patients with liver cirrhosis. This tool should not be used as a replacement for individual, evaluation of the physician providing assistance. We recommend the structured bundle to be added to medical practice, considering its simple application, low cost, and potential to contribute for the management of these patients.
Topics: Humans; Thyroid Gland; Liver Cirrhosis; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Liver Neoplasms; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 37556750
DOI: 10.1590/S0004-2803.202302023-22 -
Archivos Espanoles de Urologia Nov 2019To describe a roadmap of the most representative milestones and considerations in the validation of surgical simulators, especially those of laparoscopic surgery. And... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To describe a roadmap of the most representative milestones and considerations in the validation of surgical simulators, especially those of laparoscopic surgery. And additionally, help determine when in this process a simulator can be considered as validated.
METHODS
A non-systematic review was carried out searching terms like simulation, validation, training, assessment, skills and learning curve, as well as providing the experience accumulated by our center.
RESULTS
An ideal classical validation process should consist of the following steps: fidelity, verification/calibration/ reliability, subjective and objective strategies. Baseline tests of fidelity and verification/calibration/ technological reliability are not always detailed in the simulation literature. A simulator can be considered validated if, at least, satisfactorily completed any of the two main objective strategies, that is, constructive and/or criterion validity.
CONCLUSIONS
The methodologies to validate simulators as useful and reliable for the improvement of psychomotor/ technical skills are widely analyzed, although there is a variety of approaches depending on the scientific reference consulted, not being implemented equally in all works. This apparent arbitrariness should be considered in advance because it can lead the researcher to misunderstandings, especially when the simulator will be regarded as valid.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Computer Simulation; Humans; Laparoscopy; Learning Curve; Reproducibility of Results; Simulation Training
PubMed: 31697250
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Psychology 2019The assessment of learning in basketball in the PE class, and in training sessions of young players, requires valid, reliable, and trustworthy tools. The purpose of this...
INTRODUCTION
The assessment of learning in basketball in the PE class, and in training sessions of young players, requires valid, reliable, and trustworthy tools. The purpose of this research was to design and validate the Basketball Learning and Performance Assessment Instrument (BALPAI) that assesses simultaneously decision making, technical execution and efficacy. The play actions are codified using a categorical system, awarding a score for each category (1 = inadequate action; 2 = neutral action 3 = adequate action). An example of a summative procedure for assessing decision making in dribbling is: (1) Dribbling to a place where there is defensive pressure and there is a free teammate able to receive the pass; (2) Dribbling to a place where there is defensive pressure or a free teammate able to receive the pass; (3) Dribbling through a space where there is no defensive pressure and no free teammate able to receive the pass.
METHODS
A pilot study was performed following this procedure. A group of 13 experts participated in the assessment of the 33 elements (66 items) included in the BALPAI. Aiken's V formula was used to analyze content validity, and internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach's α. Inter-observer reliability was determined among three observers who used the BALPAI to record the play actions in a 3 × 3 basketball match (N = 45 possessions) and was calculated with the Multirater κfree, obtaining an almost perfect agreement with values between 0.84 and 1.
RESULTS
The BALPAI has very high internal consistency (0.969), Interobserver reliability was almost perfect (>0.84 in all items) and Aiken's V coefficient (>0.71 in all items) attained a high value.
CONCLUSION
The BALPAI proved to be a valid tool, with high internal consistency and reliability that makes it possible to perform a complete assessment of basketball in PE classes.
PubMed: 31354590
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01595 -
Sexual Medicine Reviews Apr 2022Fifteen years have passed since the International Society of Sexual Medicine first established the 3-pronged criteria for premature ejaculation (PE): a short ejaculation... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Fifteen years have passed since the International Society of Sexual Medicine first established the 3-pronged criteria for premature ejaculation (PE): a short ejaculation latency, lack of ejaculatory control, and bother/distress. Although the process of establishing valid criteria for any condition or disorder is an ongoing one, a dearth of targeted research on these criteria has hindered professional societies from updating and revising them.
OBJECTIVES
To review and critique existing criteria used in the diagnosis of PE, to identify specific problems with them, and to recommend studies that will address shortcomings.
METHODS
Each of the PE criteria was evaluated and compared against standard procedures for establishing validated measures. Following each analysis, targeted research to address the gaps has been recommended.
RESULTS
Each PE criterion has shortcomings and each can be improved by using standard validation procedures, as noted by the targeted research outcomes. Professional societies can play an important role by encouraging broad participation in research that generates new and relevant data supporting, validating, or challenging the existing criteria.
CONCLUSION
The concepts underlying the diagnostic criteria for PE have both broad consensus and functional utility. Nevertheless, much of the research investigating PE has uncritically adopted these criteria without concomitantly recognizing their limitations. These limitations prevent determining accurate prevalence rates, interpreting research findings with confidence, and establishing efficacious treatment outcomes. Rowland DL, Althof SE, McMahon CG. The Unfinished Business of Defining Premature Ejaculation: The Need for Targeted Research. Sex Med Rev 2022;10:323-340.
Topics: Ejaculation; Humans; Male; Premature Ejaculation; Sexual Behavior; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 34996746
DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2021.11.003 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2022Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a complex condition leading to loss of kidney function. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a Knowledge, Attitude,...
BACKGROUND
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a complex condition leading to loss of kidney function. The objective of this study was to develop and validate a Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice questionnaire on CKD (CKD-KAP) among practicing physicians in Pakistan since no validated tool was available for the said purpose.
METHODS
The study consisted of four phases with phase-I focusing on literature review, phase II was the actual questionnaire development phase, face and content validity was determined in phase III, and finally pilot testing was performed in phase IV to determine validity and reliability. The development phase encompassed a thorough review of literature, focus-group discussion, expert review, and evaluation. The validation phase consisted of content validity, face validity, construct validity, convergent validity, and reliability. The pilot testing was performed by studying the KAP of 100 practicing physicians in tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan. The knowledge section of the validation phase utilized Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis. The attitude and practices sections utilized Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) theory. The reliability analysis utilized Cronbach's alpha and correlations.
RESULTS
The CKD-KAP questionnaire had three main sections: knowledge, attitude, and practice. During the validation, IRT analysis was performed on knowledge, which focused on the measure of the coefficient of discrimination and difficulty of the items; 40 out of 41 knowledge items have both discrimination and difficulty coefficients within an acceptable range. The EFA model was also fitted in the attitude and practices section, and scree plot and Eigenvalues suggested three and four dimensions within the attitude and practices section. The factor loading of all items was found to be acceptable except for one item in attitude which was deleted. The convergent validity demonstrated a significant association between all three sections except knowledge and practices. The reliability (internal consistency) analysis demonstrated Cronbach's alpha values above 0.7 and significant inter-item correlation. The final model of CKD-KAP had 40 knowledge, 13 attitude, and 10 practice items with a combination of both positive as well as negative questions and statements.
CONCLUSIONS
The CKD-KAP was found to be psychometrically valid and reliable, hence can be used to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practices of physicians toward chronic kidney disease.
PubMed: 36304188
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.956449 -
Pediatric Investigation Sep 2023Preserving skin health is crucial for atopic dermatitis control as well as for the thriving of children. However, a well-developed and validated tool that measures the...
IMPORTANCE
Preserving skin health is crucial for atopic dermatitis control as well as for the thriving of children. However, a well-developed and validated tool that measures the knowledge, attitude, and practice of skin care is lacking.
OBJECTIVE
To develop and validate the atopic dermatitis and infant skincare knowledge, attitude, and practice (ADISKAP 1.0) scale that measures parental health literacy on atopic dermatitis and skin care.
METHODS
We conducted a review of the literature, a focus group (two dermatologists and 12 parents), and a panel discussion in order to generate the ADISKAP prototype. Two samples of parents with knowingly superior (dermatologists, = 59) and inferior (general population, = 395) knowledge traits participated in the validation of ADISKAP. Cronbach's alpha was reported as a measure of internal consistency, and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess the test-retest validity. The known-groups technique was used to evaluate construct validity.
RESULTS
The ADISKAP scale contained 17 items after content and face validity validation. After removing items that displayed poor test-retest reliability ( = 4) and construct validity ( = 3), 12 items were retained in the ADISKAP 1.0.
INTERPRETATION
ADISKAP 1.0 is a reliable and valid tool for assessing parental knowledge, attitude, and practice on infantile atopic dermatitis and skin care.
PubMed: 37736364
DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12374 -
Developmental Medicine and Child... May 2023To develop and validate the Visual Function Battery for Children with Special Needs (VFB-CSN).
AIM
To develop and validate the Visual Function Battery for Children with Special Needs (VFB-CSN).
METHOD
This was a scale development and validation study with (1) construct and item generation and (2) evaluations of interrater reliability, acceptability, and content, ecological, and convergent validities.
RESULTS
Children with special needs were recruited for the reliability (n = 32) and validity (n = 95) investigations. The construct and items were generated based on literature review and an expert panel. We constructed eight categories, namely visual reflex, ocular muscle balance, visual acuity, oculomotor, visual field, contrast sensitivity, colour/form vision, and visual attention. Both functional assessment and standardized tests were adopted. The reliabilities were high for the whole VFB-CSN (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.80-0.90) and good for the oculomotor, contrast sensitivity, and colour/form vision (ICC = 0.80-0.86, 95% CI = 0.50-0.93). Correlations between the VFB-CSN and the Functional Vision Questionnaire were strong and acceptable for the contrast sensitivity, acuity, and colour/form vision (r = 0.79, r = 0.69, r = 0.69, r = 0.70 respectively). The correlation between the VFB-CSN and standardized visual acuity test was acceptable (r = -0.72).
INTERPRETATION
The VFB-CSN is a reliable and valid multifaceted battery for children with special needs. Acceptable psychometric properties were also found for the acuity and contrast sensitivity.
WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS
The Visual Function Battery for Children with Special Needs (VFB-CSN) can measure several types of visual function. The VFB-CSN also measures varying degrees of visual impairment in children with special needs. The VFB-CSN provides functional assessment and quantitative measurement for children with disability and difficulty in cooperating on standardized tests.
Topics: Child; Humans; Disabled Children; Reproducibility of Results; Disability Evaluation; Vision, Ocular; Visual Acuity; Psychometrics; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36282724
DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15441