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PloS One 2023The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) measures the degree of autistic traits in clinical and non-clinical samples and has been validated in various countries and languages....
The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) measures the degree of autistic traits in clinical and non-clinical samples and has been validated in various countries and languages. However, the AQ has not been validated in Singapore, an Asian country whose population speaks predominantly English. Although previous validation studies have examined the distribution of scores, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct, convergent and discriminant validities in Asian countries using translated versions of the AQ and generally shown a suitable structure of the AQ, other studies testing cultural differences of the AQ have provided inconsistent results about whether differences exist in scores between Western and Asian samples. Additionally, while prior literature has consistently documented sex differences in AQ scores, findings about the relationship between personality traits and friendship quality with autistic traits have been mixed. The aim of the current study was to validate the psychometric properties of the original English AQ in a non-clinical Singaporean sample and compare their mean AQ scores to previous Western samples. In this study, psychometric properties of the original English AQ were assessed in 113 Singaporean adults (47M/66F; Mean age = 37.78; SD = 14.52) with no clinical diagnoses. They completed the AQ, the Friendship Questionnaire (FQ) and the short Big Five Inventory, with a subsample completing the AQ twice within three to six months. Results showed that AQ scores were normally distributed and the AQ had satisfactory internal consistency and test-retest reliability and it demonstrated construct, convergent and discriminant validities. Higher AQ scores were related to lower friendship quality and extraversion and higher neuroticism. The mean AQ scores of the Singaporean sample did not differ to that reported in original British sample. Together, present findings showed the original English AQ to be reliable for measuring the degree of autistic traits in a non-clinical Singaporean sample, producing comparable AQ scores and showing the same relationships to other social and personality measures and the same sex differences as has been reported in English samples. This supports the use of the AQ in Singapore for clinical and research purposes and suggests that the measurement of autistic traits in some Asian cultures is comparable to that reported in Western cultures.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Asian People; Autistic Disorder; Language; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires; Singapore; Young Adult; Middle Aged
PubMed: 37768932
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291726 -
Journal of Medical Internet Research Feb 2023There is a wide variation in the quality of information available to patients on the treatment of the diseases afflicting them. To help patients find clear and...
BACKGROUND
There is a wide variation in the quality of information available to patients on the treatment of the diseases afflicting them. To help patients find clear and accessible information, many scales have been designed to evaluate the quality of health information, including the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool; the Suitability Assessment of Materials for evaluation of health-related information for adults; and DISCERN, an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices. These instruments are primarily in English. Few of them have been translated and adapted into simplified Chinese tools for health information assessment in China.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to translate and adapt DISCERN into the first simplified Chinese version and validate the psychometric properties of this newly developed scale for judging the quality of patient-oriented health information on treatment choices.
METHODS
First, we translated DISCERN into simplified Chinese using rigorous guidelines for translation and validation studies. We tested the translation equivalence and measured the content validity index. We then presented the simplified Chinese instrument to 3 health educators and asked them to use it to assess the quality of 15 lung cancer-related materials. We calculated the Cohen κ coefficient and Cronbach α for all items and for the entire scale to determine the reliability of the new tool.
RESULTS
We decided on the simplified Chinese version of the DISCERN instrument (C-DISCERN) after resolving all problems in translation, adaptation, and content validation. The C-DISCERN was valid and reliable: the content validity index was 0.98 (47/48, 98% of the items) for clarity and 0.94 (45/48, 94% of the items) for relevance, the Cronbach α for internal consistency was .93 (95% CI 0.699-1.428) for the whole translated scale, and the Cohen κ coefficient for internal consistency was 0.53 (95% CI 0.417-0.698).
CONCLUSIONS
C-DISCERN is the first simplified Chinese version of the DISCERN instrument. Its validity and reliability have been attested to assess the quality of patient-targeted information for treatment choices.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Reproducibility of Results; Translating; Language; Consumer Health Information; Psychometrics; China; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 36729573
DOI: 10.2196/40733 -
BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2020Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and local positioning systems (LPS) are to date common tools to measure external training load in athletes. The aim of this... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and local positioning systems (LPS) are to date common tools to measure external training load in athletes. The aim of this scoping review was to map out and critically appraise the methods used to validate different GNSS and LPS used in team sports.
METHOD
A total of 48 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The reference systems applied in the validations, and the parameters investigated were extracted from the studies.
RESULTS
The results show a substantial range of reference systems used to validate GNSS and LPS and a substantial number of investigated parameters. The majority of the validation studies have employed relatively simple field-based research designs, with use of measure tape/known distance as reference measure for distance. Timing gates and radar guns were frequently used as reference system for average and peak speed. Fewer studies have used reference system that allow for validation of instantaneous dynamic position, such as infrared camera-based motion capture systems.
CONCLUSIONS
Because most validation studies use simple and cost-effective reference systems which do not allow to quantify the exact path athletes travel and hence misjudge the true path length and speed, caution should be taken when interpreting the results of validation studies, especially when comparing results between studies. Studies validating instantaneous dynamic position-based measures is warranted, since they may have a wider application and enable comparisons both between studies and over time.
PubMed: 33062300
DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000794 -
Humanities & Social Sciences... 2023The literature has shown that sexual health literacy has limited applicability in many developing countries. The present study, therefore, aimed to develop and examine...
The literature has shown that sexual health literacy has limited applicability in many developing countries. The present study, therefore, aimed to develop and examine the validity and reliability of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale (SHLS) among a sample of 595 Iranian university students. The first analysis yielded themes obtained from a qualitative content analysis of the 118-item SHLS scale. Concepts were extracted using the method of latent content analysis (Bengtsson, NursingPlus Open 2:8-16, 2016). 327 initial codes were extracted and main categories (Elo and Kyngäs, J Adv Nurs. 62 (1): 107-115, 2007) or themes (Graneheim and Lundman, Nurse Education Today 24: 105-112, 2004) obtained consisting of the information source, individual barriers, understanding and application, capacity and motivation, damage, skills, sexual rights, and socio-cultural barriers. In the second analysis, the 595 students were randomly split into two groups. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the themes derived and quantified in Phase 1. 6 Factors were obtained and found to be consistent in both groups. Criterion-related validity of sexual health literacy was determined by stepwise multiple regression to predict marital satisfaction. The reliability of SHLS was also investigated. The third analysis examined the fit of the 6 factors obtained from the 595 students in the original sample to a new sample of 221 university students using cross-validation via confirmatory factor analysis. We developed and validated a six-factor structure of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale 106 (SHLS-106): factor 1, Sexual Skills; factor 2, Individual Socio-cultural Barriers; factor 3, Sexual Vulnerability; factor 4, Resources to Access Sexual Information; factor 5, Understanding and Application; factor 6, Capacity and Motivation. SHLS-106 shows good test-retest reliability and criterion, incremental and convergent validities. This is the first study to examine the validity and reliability of the Sexual Health Literacy Scale in an Iranian sample. Considering the acceptable validity and reliability of this instrument, the psychometric properties of SHLS-106 need to be further investigated in diverse, more extended samples to clarify the extent of application of this scale in different settings. SHLS-106 can effectively examine sexual health literacy, a dynamic scale in nature influenced by the individual, healthcare system, contextual, and social factors in different cultures.
PubMed: 37128300
DOI: 10.1057/s41599-023-01669-z -
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes Aug 2020Psychological flexibility is considered a fundamental aspect of health. It includes six interrelated facets: 1) cognitive defusion, 2) acceptance, 3) contact with the...
BACKGROUND
Psychological flexibility is considered a fundamental aspect of health. It includes six interrelated facets: 1) cognitive defusion, 2) acceptance, 3) contact with the present moment, 4) self-as-context, 5) values, and 6) committed action. To gain further insight into psychological flexibility and its effects on health, reliable and valid instruments to assess all facets are needed. Committed action is one facet that is understudied. A long and short version of a validated measure (CAQ and CAQ-8) have been developed in English. Currently, there are no German versions of the CAQ. Aim of this study is to validate German-language versions of these in a chronic pain population.
METHODS
The CAQ instructions and items were translated and evaluated in a chronic pain population (N = 181). Confirmatory factor analysis and Mokken scale analysis were conducted to evaluate the German questionnaires. Correlations with health outcomes, including quality of life (SF-12), physical and emotional functioning (MPI, BPI, PHQ-9, GAD-7), pain intensity, and with other facets of psychological flexibility (CPAQ, FAH-II) were investigated for convergent validity purposes. Scale reliability was assessed by the alpha, MS, lambda-2, LCRC, and omega coefficient.
RESULTS
A bifactor model consisting of one general factor and two methodological factors emerged from the analysis. Criteria for reliability and validity were met. Medium to strong correlations to health outcomes and other facets of psychological flexibility were found. Results were similar to the original English version.
CONCLUSIONS
The present study presents a valid and reliable instrument to investigate committed action in German populations. Future studies could expand the present findings by evaluating the German CAQ versions in non-pain populations. The role of committed action and the wider psychological flexibility model in pain and other conditions deserves further investigation.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Adult; Chronic Pain; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Quality of Life; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires; Translations
PubMed: 32746838
DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01497-8 -
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal :... Jun 2021To date, a validated Chinese (Mandarin) six-minute walk test (6MWT) translated instruction is not available. Translation of the Chinese 6MWT instruction is done in an...
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE
To date, a validated Chinese (Mandarin) six-minute walk test (6MWT) translated instruction is not available. Translation of the Chinese 6MWT instruction is done in an manner within the Chinese-speaking populations. This study aimed to develop a set of valid and reliable Chinese (Mandarin) instructions of the 6MWT.
METHODS
Translation was performed from the original English instruction via the recommended "Process of translation and adaptation of instruments" by the World Health Organization to generate the Chinese instructions. The Chinese instructions were tested with 52 healthy adult participants for its validity. Each participant underwent three 6MWTs and a cardiopulmonary exercise test. Randomization allowed participants to undergo the walk test in both the original English and the new Chinese instructions. Face and content validity, intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the Chinese instructions of the 6MWT were established through the translation process. Criterion validity was established by analyzing the results of the 6MWT and cardiopulmonary exercise test.
RESULTS
Intraclass correlation coefficient for inter-rater reliability was excellent ( , 95% confidence -1.000). Similarly, the intra-rater reliability across the three raters was high (R1: , 95% confidence interval -1.000; R2: , 95% -1.000; R3: , 95% -1.000). The 6-min walk distances collected from the Chinese and English instructed trials correlated positively with the maximal oxygen consumption ( , ; , ).
CONCLUSION
This is the first study to develop and validate the Chinese (Mandarin) instructions of the 6MWT, and the translation is as reliable and valid as the original English instructions.
PubMed: 34054256
DOI: 10.1142/S1013702521500049 -
Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem Nov 2019to construct and validate an educational booklet for the elderly, with guidelines on sleep hygiene.
OBJECTIVE
to construct and validate an educational booklet for the elderly, with guidelines on sleep hygiene.
METHOD
a methodological research with booklet construction; validation by 22 judges and evaluation by 22 elderly people. The content was extracted from the guidelines of the Brazilian Sleep Association and the elderly health manual of the Human Rights Office. The item with Content Validity Index (CVI) greater than 0.8 or whose concordance ratio verified with the Binomial Test was valid and statistically equal to or greater than 80%.
RESULTS
the booklet presented 14 guidelines for the elderly about sleep hygiene distributed over 25 pages. All items were evaluated as relevant. The CVI had an average of 0.95 by the judges and 0.95 by the elderly.
CONCLUSION
the booklet was constructed and validated as to its content and appearance. It can be used by health professionals in the various services with the elderly.
Topics: Brazil; Geriatrics; Humans; Pamphlets; Sleep Hygiene; Surveys and Questionnaires; Validation Studies as Topic
PubMed: 31826213
DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0603 -
MethodsX Dec 2023This exploratory study was conducted to develop and validate an instrument for measuring the social impact of food waste at the household level. A mixed methodology was...
This exploratory study was conducted to develop and validate an instrument for measuring the social impact of food waste at the household level. A mixed methodology was employed, commencing with a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions, to identify the social impact of food waste at the household level. This was followed by a quantitative assessment of the questionnaire's validity and reliability. The process involved seven experts for content validity testing, 150 households for face validity testing, and 202 households for reliability testing. The content validity revealed an I-CVI 0.86-1 and a kappa statistic 0.85-1. The face validity demonstrated I-FVI ≥ 0.90 and S-FVI ≥ 0.95. Additionally, the Cronbach's alpha for the reliability test was 0.743. The questionnaire proved to be a simple, valid, and reliable instrument for measuring the social impact of household food waste. •Mixed method used in developing and validating the questionnaire.•Content validity, face validity, and reliability testing to evaluate a newly developed instrument.
PubMed: 38076712
DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102499 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Mar 2022The fear of childbirth is a topical concern, yet the issue has barely been studied in Spain, and only one fear of childbirth measurement instrument has been validated in...
The fear of childbirth is a topical concern, yet the issue has barely been studied in Spain, and only one fear of childbirth measurement instrument has been validated in the country. The aim of this study was to translate, adapt and validate the Fear of Childbirth Questionnaire (CFQ) for use in Spain, as well as to describe and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of this instrument. In a first phase, a methodological study was carried out (translation-backtranslation and cross-cultural adaptation), and pilot study was carried out in the target population. In addition, content validation of the instrument was obtained (CFQ-e) from 10 experts. In the second phase, a cross-sectional study was carried out at several centres in Gran Canaria Island to obtain a validation sample. The evaluation of the psychometric properties of the CFQ-e, including construct validity through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, the calculation of reliability via factor consistency using the ORION coefficients as well as alpha and omega coefficients were carried out. The CFQ-e showed evidence of content validity, adequate construct validity and reliability. The CFQ-e is composed of 37 items distributed in four subscales or dimensions: "fear of medical interventions"; "fear of harm and dying"; "fear of pain" and "fears relating to sexual aspects and embarrassment". The CFQ-e constitutes a valid and reliable tool to measure the fear of childbirth in the Spanish pregnant population.
PubMed: 35407450
DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071843 -
Journal of Pediatric Psychology Jul 2022The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a cochlear implant (CI)-specific parenting stress measure using the FDA Guidance on Patient-Reported Outcomes...
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a cochlear implant (CI)-specific parenting stress measure using the FDA Guidance on Patient-Reported Outcomes (2009).
METHODS
The development and psychometric validation of the Parenting Stress-CI module for both the Early Childhood (EC; 0-5 years) and School-Age (SA; 6-12 years) versions are reported in this article. Instrument development consisted of qualitative interviews with parents of children with CIs (EC: N = 19; SA: N = 21), content analysis, item development, and cognitive testing of the instrument. Last, we conducted the psychometric validation (EC: N = 72; SA: N = 64), including analyses of internal consistency, test-retest reliability (∼2 weeks between administrations; N = 24), and convergent validity with the Parenting Stress Index-4 (PSI-4).
RESULTS
The final EC version includes 15 questions, and the SA version includes 8 questions. Both the EC and SA versions had strong reliability (EC α = .88; SA α = .85), with all items significantly correlated with the overall module (r = .43-.80). Both versions also had strong test-retest reliability (r = .99, p < .001). Last, analyses of convergent validity demonstrated significant correlations with the PSI-4 Total Stress scale for both Parenting Stress-CI versions (EC r = .66, p < .00; SA r = .45, p < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
The Parenting Stress-CI modules are reliable and valid condition-specific parenting stress instruments for parents of children with CIs ages 0-12 years, filling a significant gap in the literature. These fully validated instruments can be used to assess parental needs for support and guide the development of targeted, family centered interventions.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Cochlear Implants; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Parenting; Parents; Psychometrics; Reproducibility of Results; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 35303073
DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac018