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Journal of the Chinese Medical... Sep 2016Kiddy dentures are used to restore the self-confidence, chewing function, and pronunciation of children or when a care provider is concerned about the loss of incisor...
BACKGROUND
Kiddy dentures are used to restore the self-confidence, chewing function, and pronunciation of children or when a care provider is concerned about the loss of incisor teeth. However, most studies to date have investigated normal dental arch development, and only a few have explored the effect of kiddy dentures on upper arch development.
METHODS
Fourteen Taiwanese children (7 male and 7 female) who were wearing kiddy dentures due to the loss of their upper anterior teeth were enrolled in this study. Inclusion criteria were the premature loss of maxillary incisors, the patient wearing kiddy dentures with both upper primary first molars as abutments, and the patient having complete records allowing a full longitudinal clinical follow-up. Dental casts were obtained immediately (T1), at 6 months (T2), and at 12 months (T3) after delivery of the kiddy dentures. The measured parameters included intercanine width (ICW, C1 to C2), interfirst molar width (IDW, D1 to D2), and intersecond molar width (IEW, E1 to E2). All the measurements were performed by one experienced examiner using a vernier caliper.
RESULTS
The mean ages of the enrolled children for the periods T1, T2, and T3 were 43.8 ± 8.3 months, 50.6 ± 8.5 months, and 56.7 ± 8.4 months, respectively. There was no significant difference in gender when ICW, IDW, and IEW were compared. The mean changes in ICW values were 23.6 ± 6.2 mm, 24.2 ± 5.9 mm, and 24.6 ± 6.4 mm for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. There were statistically significant differences between T1 and T2, T2 and T3, and T1 and T3 for ICW (p < 0.05). The mean changes in IDW were 25.7 ± 8.4 mm, 25.8 ± 9.0 mm, and 25.8 ± 9.1 mm for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between T1 and T2, T2 and T3, and T1 and T3. The mean changes in IEW were 30.6 ± 10.1 mm, 31.2 ± 8.8 mm, and 31.3 ± 8.2 mm for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. There was statistical significance between T1 and T2 or T1 and T3 for IDW (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Kiddy dentures do interfere with the transverse growth of the dental arch over the abutment tooth area during a 1-year follow-up period. However the teeth adjacent to the confined abutments still show transverse growth.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Dental Arch; Dentures; Female; Humans; Male; Maxilla
PubMed: 27238559
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcma.2015.12.009 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2023To evaluate the association between severe early childhood caries (S-ECC), dietary preferences, and 2nd digit-4th digit (2D:4D) ratio. The objective is to contrast the...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
To evaluate the association between severe early childhood caries (S-ECC), dietary preferences, and 2nd digit-4th digit (2D:4D) ratio. The objective is to contrast the detection and prevalence of dental caries in children with different sensitivity levels to the bitter taste of 6--propylthiouracil (PROP) and its association with 2D:4D.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 300 children below 71 months of age were assigned to two study groups-group I (caries-free) and group II (caries). PROP sensitivity test was carried out to determine the inherent genetic ability to taste a bitter or sweet substance. Evaluation of dietary preferences was carried out using a food preference questionnaire, which was completed by the parents of the children to know the child's dietary habits and their sweet, sour, and strong taste preferences. The length of the index (2D) and ring (4D) finger was measured with the help of digital vernier caliper to record the 2D:4D ratio. The data obtained was subjected to statistical analysis using Pearson's Chi-squared test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
RESULTS
The results suggested a positive association between S-ECC and dietary preferences but could not establish a straightforward 1:1 relation between 2D:4D ratio and S-ECC.
CONCLUSION
An individual considered as nontaster by PROP test was a sweet liker with low 2D:4D ratio having high caries index. The association between 2D:4D ratio and S-ECC should further be explored by taking other influencing factors into consideration before arriving at a definitive conclusion.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Srivastava SK, Garg N, Pathivada L, Association between Severe Early Childhood Caries, Dietary Preferences, and 2nd Digit-4th Digit (2D:4D) Ratio. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):740-744.
PubMed: 38162242
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2681 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Apr 2021; Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) are effective in improving and maintaining Range of motion(ROM), increasing muscular strength and power, and increasing... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
; Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) are effective in improving and maintaining Range of motion(ROM), increasing muscular strength and power, and increasing athletic performance, especially after exercise. The scapula patterns defined in PNF are activated within the upper extremity patterns and scapula motions together. Proper function of the upper extremities requires both motion and stability of the scapula. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of scapula stabilization exercise training involving muscle strengthening, muscle balance, and movement control exercises on office workers with scapula dysfunction. : A total of 42 office workers with scapula dyskinesis were recruited and randomly divided into three groups: muscle strengthening exercise group ( = 14), muscle balance exercise group ( = 14), and movement control exercise group ( = 14). The participants underwent 18 sessions (25 min/session, 3 days a week for 6 weeks) of training involving the three types of exercises. : The measurement outcomes included the scapula index, measured using a digital Vernier caliper; scapula function, evaluated using the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) outcome questionnaire (pain and performing, work ability, and sports and art activities); and scapulohumeral movements (scapula upward rotation at humeral abduction angles of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, and 180°), evaluated using inclinometers. After the exercise intervention, the scapula index ( = 0.002), DASH pain and performing score ( = 0.000), DASH work ability score ( = 0.000), DASH sports and art activity score ( = 0.027), and scapulohumeral movements (scapula upward rotation at 0° ( = 0.013) and 45° ( = 0.043) humeral abduction) showed significantly greater improvements in the movement control group than in the muscle strengthening and muscle balance groups. : Thus, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation can be used as a rehabilitation intervention for scapula position and movement, pain reduction, and functional improvement in office workers with scapula dyskinesis.
Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Dyskinesias; Humans; Muscle Stretching Exercises; Range of Motion, Articular; Scapula
PubMed: 33915824
DOI: 10.3390/medicina57040332 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Apr 2020To evaluate the effectiveness of oral exercise on oral function among the elderly at a selected old age home in Chennai.
PURPOSE
To evaluate the effectiveness of oral exercise on oral function among the elderly at a selected old age home in Chennai.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The present study adopted a one-group pretest and posttest (preexperimental) design.
METHODS
Participants received intervention "oral exercise" which comprised of exercises for expression muscles (orbicularis oculi, buccinator and orbicularis oris), tongue, salivary glands, and swallowing. The pre- and posttests included assessment of oral function (dry mouth symptoms, amount of salivary pH, salivary secretion, size of mouth opening, halitosis, and oral motor function) using summated xerostomia inventory, spitting into a measuring container for 10 min, pH meter, Vernier caliper, organoleptic test, and Sunnybrook facial grading system, respectively.
RESULTS
Using nonprobability convenience sampling technique, a total of 48 older people living in an old age home who met the inclusion and dental screening criteria were recruited. There was a statistically considerable difference noted in the mean scores of the dry mouth symptoms ( = 11.88), amount of salivary secretions ( = 17.05), salivary pH ( = 8.68), size of mouth opening ( = 14.76), halitosis ( = 13.13), and oral motor function ( = 11.52) at <.001 before and after oral exercise among the elderly.
CONCLUSION
Oral exercise as a self-regulating intervention can efficiently promote oral health of older people.
PubMed: 32670937
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_899_19 -
Journal of the Indian Society of... 2022Mouth breathing is one of the most deleterious oral habits with a prevalence of 4%-6% among children. Due to the wide range of comorbidities associated with mouth...
INTRODUCTION
Mouth breathing is one of the most deleterious oral habits with a prevalence of 4%-6% among children. Due to the wide range of comorbidities associated with mouth breathing, early diagnosis and prompt treatment is indispensable. At present, there are very few objective methods available for the diagnosis of mouth breathing. The present study was planned to evaluate a possible correlation between nasal index (NI) and nasal cavity volume (NCV) among nasal and mouth breathers (MB). In addition, the average NCV of nasal and MB was also computed. The foresight of this research was to establish the significance of NI as an objective diagnostic tool for mouth breathing.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted among 8-11-year-old children. The NI was determined using a digital Vernier caliper and NCV was calculated using dolphin imaging.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference in NCV and nasal width (NW) in both groups, but no difference was seen in nasal height and NI. There was no statistically significant correlation between NCV and other parameters in both groups.
CONCLUSION
The present study was a baseline analysis in this line. Even though this study did not reveal any significant correlation between both parameters, future studies are recommended to explore a plausible correlation.
Topics: Child; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Cross-Sectional Studies; Humans; Mouth Breathing; Nasal Cavity
PubMed: 35439883
DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_372_21 -
Heliyon Oct 2022Pamp. Pectin (PP) was a Wudang functional food in China. It has the effect of dispelling fire, clearing heat and detoxification in folk medicine. However, little...
BACKGROUND
Pamp. Pectin (PP) was a Wudang functional food in China. It has the effect of dispelling fire, clearing heat and detoxification in folk medicine. However, little studies have been reported for their preparation, quality control, effects and toxicity.
METHODS
The leaves were collected from different pharms and seasons. The compounds in PP were identified using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. UV-VIS spectrophotometry with phenol-sulfuric acid and sodium nitrite aluminum nitrate were conducted for analyzing the water-soluble sugars and total flavonoids, respectively. L(3) orthogonal experimental method was used to optimize the preparation process of PP. For the pharmacological effects of PP, the swelling right hind paw of ICR mice was modeled using subcutaneous injection of carrageenan gum solution, and the local tissue inflammatory reactions of the model mice were investigated using vernier calipers and HE staining. The serum inflammatory factor expression was detected using ELISA. The acute toxicity experiments were carried out for safety assessment of PP in ICR mice.
RESULTS
Fifty-three compounds were initially identified in PP among which flavonoids were dominant (19 out of 53). The average values of water-soluble sugar content and total flavonoid content of PP were 13.366 and 4.970 mg/g, respectively. The best preparation process of PP was powder-liquid ratio 1: 20, temperature 90 °C, and stirring time 3 min. Data showed that PP reduced paw edema and decrease the serum level of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in the model mice. There was no toxic effect of PP on mice at a total dose of 6000 mg/kg/24h.
CONCLUSION
In summary, by optimizing the preparation process, PP with stable quality can be obtained. PP has anti-inflammatory effects without toxicity.
PubMed: 36281378
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11082 -
Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic... May 2016The morphological characteristics and dimensions of external ear vary in different human ethnic races which can be utilized in forensics for personal identification of...
INTRODUCTION
The morphological characteristics and dimensions of external ear vary in different human ethnic races which can be utilized in forensics for personal identification of living or deceased.
AIM
To determine uniqueness of morphological and biometric variations of both ears for individualization among North East (NE) and North West (NW) subpopulation of India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted on randomly selected 80 students, 40 from each subgroup. Nine ear parameters were recorded twice using digital Vernier's caliper by single investigator and two indices (Ear Index and Lobule Index) were calculated for both the ears. Morphological ear shapes and lobule attachment were also noted. Pearson's coefficient correlation test was performed on cross-tabulations to evaluate significant relationship between different variables.
RESULTS
Of the total 35% free and 65% attached ear lobes were noted in both population groups. Oval ear shape was most commonly noted followed by triangular, rectangular and round in both populations. On comparing anthropometric measurements of ears in two populations it was found that except the tragus length and lobule index all other values were noted more in NW population. No statistical difference was found in ear and lobular indices of males and females although the left ear index and lobule index were found to be higher than right in both populations except in NW females where right lobule index was recorded more than left.
CONCLUSION
The results obtained can be used in anthropological and forensic sciences for the inclusion and exclusion of persons for identification on the basis of ear variations.
PubMed: 27437349
DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/18265.7876 -
Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical... Nov 2022Stature is the height of an individual in an upright position. It is one of the key characteristics, which helps in defining any individual. Stature estimation is needed...
Stature is the height of an individual in an upright position. It is one of the key characteristics, which helps in defining any individual. Stature estimation is needed mostly in medicolegal cases where only a limited number of human fragments are left for forensic analysis. The teeth provide essential measurements that can be used to determine stature. The aim of the study is to find out whether the second maxillary interpremolar distance can be used to effectively estimate stature of individuals. For the study, the sample size taken was 60 (30 male and 30 females), and their second maxillary interpremolar distance was measured using a digital vernier caliper. The collected data were tabulated and statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (23), followed by linear regression. For male: Y = 178.65 - 1.09X, correlation coefficient, = 0.05, For female: Y = 169.30 - 1.99X, correlation coefficient, = 0.13. Since < 0.2, there is no correlation between the interpremolar distance of the second maxillary premolar and the stature. From our study, we conclude that the interpremolar distance of the second maxillary premolar cannot be a reliable parameter for stature estimation in both genders.
PubMed: 36643103
DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_216_22 -
Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD 2020Dental caries remains the most widespread oral disease among all age groups. Hormonal fingerprints (second digit: fourth digit ratio or 2D:4D ratio) are biomarkers...
CONTEXT
Dental caries remains the most widespread oral disease among all age groups. Hormonal fingerprints (second digit: fourth digit ratio or 2D:4D ratio) are biomarkers displaying sexual dimorphism and diverse human phenotypic traits. A person's genetic makeup may influence the occurrence of dental caries.
AIM
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of digit ratio on the incidence of dental caries.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
Two hundred patients between 18 and 55 years, reporting for restorations or endodontic therapy, participated in the study.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Hormonal fingerprints (2D:4D ratio) were measured with the help of a digital vernier caliper. Caries incidence was recorded using the DMFT index.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
Data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Independent -test and Chi-square test.
RESULTS
Males had a less mean 2D:4D ratio than females, which was statistically significant (-value = 0.003). Chi-square test was applied, and there was a statistically significant correlation between high digit ratio and caries experience (-value = 0.002). Females with a high digit ratio and males with a low digit ratio were in the moderate and low caries risk groups with a -value of 0.029 and 0.001 in the respective risk groups.
CONCLUSION
The present study displayed a correlation between hormonal fingerprints (2D:4D ratio) and dental caries. An indicator of caries risk will help prevent caries by implementing oral hygiene measures, which will reduce its incidence as the most occurring oral disease.
PubMed: 33623232
DOI: 10.4103/JCD.JCD_367_20 -
Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society 2018An attempt is made to investigate clinical efficacy of cord, paste system, and a strip gingival retractile materials. This study aims to evaluate and compare the...
AIM
An attempt is made to investigate clinical efficacy of cord, paste system, and a strip gingival retractile materials. This study aims to evaluate and compare the gingival retraction efficacy of retraction strip along with conventional retraction cord and paste system.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
This experimental study was carried out on 30 patients. Three different gingival retraction systems were used to evaluate the amount of vertical and lateral displacement.Based on selection criteria, 30 individuals requiring fixed dental prosthesis with respect to mandibular first molar were selected. Tooth preparation for metal ceramic restoration with subgingival finish line was performed. Gingival displacement was accomplished with ultrapak cord, merocel strip, and magic foam cord immediately, 7 and 14 days after the tooth preparation, respectively. The amount of gingival displacement in vertical and lateral directions was measured at mesiobuccal, midbuccal, and distobuccal regions of the prepared tooth. The vertical retraction was measured intraorally by using digital vernier caliper, and postgingival displacement impression was used to measure lateral gingival retraction. Stereomicroscopic images of impression under ×10 resolution were transferred to image analyzer to measure the lateral displacement. The obtained data analyzed in one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test were used to determine the significant difference at < 0.05 level.
RESULTS
ANOVA test showed the significant difference between the materials tested with respect to the mean vertical and lateral gingival retraction ( = 0.001). Multiple comparisons by Bonferroni test revealed a significant difference in vertical and lateral displacement among the materials tested.
CONCLUSIONS
Merocel strip provided the maximum amount of vertical and lateral tissue displacement, followed by ultrapak cord and least with magic foam cord which was statistically significant.
PubMed: 29692565
DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_225_17