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International Journal of Clinical... 2021Arch width discrepancy is important to predict treatment outcome as it affects the space availability and stability of dentition. Negligence to maintain arch form has...
INTRODUCTION
Arch width discrepancy is important to predict treatment outcome as it affects the space availability and stability of dentition. Negligence to maintain arch form has been recognized as a prime cause of relapse.
AIM AND OBJECTIVE
To assess the differences in intermolar and intercanine distances among class I, class II division 1, and class II division 2 malocclusion following orthodontic treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was performed on models of pre- and posttreatment from records of 100 patients visiting the Department of Orthodontics, MMCDSR using a digital Vernier caliper to measure intermolar and intercuspid distance. The sample comprised of both male and female patients of age group 14-25 years divided into three different groups, group I-class I malocclusion, group II-class II division 1 malocclusion, and group III-class II division 2 malocclusion. The results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis. Group II showed higher pretreatment intercanine width than group I whereas group III had lower pretreatment intercanine width than both group I and group II. Group I showed higher pretreatment intermolar width than group II. Pretreatment intercanine width was higher in group II compared with group I whereas it was lower for group III when compared with group I for the mandible.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Garg H, Khatria H, Kaldhari K, Intermolar and Intercanine width Changes among Class I and Class II Malocclusions Following Orthodontic Treatment. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(S-1):S4-S9.
PubMed: 35082459
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2049 -
International Journal of Clinical... 2022The ratio between second and fourth digit lengths (2D:4D ratio) is termed as hormonal fingerprint. Second and fourth digit lengths ratio is used as a biological marker...
BACKGROUND
The ratio between second and fourth digit lengths (2D:4D ratio) is termed as hormonal fingerprint. Second and fourth digit lengths ratio is used as a biological marker for predicting and diagnosis of many metabolic disorders mainly coronary heart disease and autism, whereas, in dentistry, this method is still in blooming stage. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the new biological marker-hormonal fingerprints in the early detection of caries in children.
METHODOLOGY
A total of 250 children were randomly selected from both sexes of the age group 6-16 years. Caries assessment was done using standard mouth mirrors and community periodontal index probes. Caries status (deft and DMFT) was recorded and subjects with a total DMFT/deft score of >5 were considered to have a high caries rate. The hormonal fingerprint was made by measuring the length ratio of the index and ring finger with the help of vernier caliper. The entire study population was divided into children with 2D:4D ratio less than 1 and ≥1 based on the calculations of 2D:4D.
RESULTS
The results showed that 79.67% males and 29.92% females have 2D:4D ratio <1 and 70.07% females and 20.32% males have 2D:4D ≥1. There is negative correlation between caries incidence and 2D:4D ratio. Children with low 2D:4D ratio have high caries index (54.4%) and high 2D:4D ratio have low caries index (45.6%), which is statistically significant.
CONCLUSION
The study confirms a positive correlation between low 2D:4D ratio and high caries, which could be used as an early biological predictor of dental caries.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Beegum F, Khan N, George S, Early Prediction of Dental Caries using Hormonal Fingerprint in 6-12 Years Old Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(3):247-250.
PubMed: 35991796
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2387 -
Journal of Orthodontic Science 2018The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of tooth length measurements using conventional and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging...
CONTEXT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of tooth length measurements using conventional and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging techniques.
AIM
The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and reliability of various tooth length measurements made on CBCT scans and conventional imaging techniques [intraoral periapical radiograph (IOPA) and orthopantomogram (OPG)].
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
This is an comparative study.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
In total, 50 extracted single-rooted premolar teeth were mounted on the dry human mandible. For each extracted tooth, measurements for tooth length, crown length, and root lengths were taken with a Vernier caliper and using three imaging modalities: CBCT, OPG, and IOPA radiographs. The measurements were compared with the gold standard (Vernier caliper).
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
One-way analysis of variance was used to compare mean values between the groups that are Vernier caliper, CBCT, IOPA, and OPG. The multiple comparisons of means of tooth length, root length, and crown length were done by Bonferroni test.
RESULTS
A significant difference in the tooth length measurements was seen between the measurements taken by CBCT and IOPA and between IOPA and OPG. But, no significant difference was seen between any other groups. The highly significant difference was seen between the root length measurements taken by IOPA and OPG and by CBCT and OPG. However, no significant difference was seen between any other groups. No significant difference was seen in between the crown length measurements taken by Vernier caliper and CBCT and between IOPA and OPG. However, a significant difference was seen between all the groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Among the radiographic techniques, CBCT was found to be the most accurate in measuring the tooth, root, and crown lengths.
PubMed: 30271762
DOI: 10.4103/jos.JOS_21_18 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2021Sex identification of skeletal remains is one of the prime factors employed in identification of an individual. Teeth, the most hard and stable human tissue, which is...
INTRODUCTION
Sex identification of skeletal remains is one of the prime factors employed in identification of an individual. Teeth, the most hard and stable human tissue, which is resistant to physical insults, serve as a valuable material for forensic, anthropological, odontologic and genetics. Among the four main attributes of biological identity, gender determination is usually the first step in the human identification process. Hence, the main objective of the present study was to assess the dimorphic status of mesiodistal (MD) width, labiolingual (LL) width as well as cervicoincisal (CI) length of the crown in both maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors, canines and first molars.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present study comprised a set of 100 casts (50 males and 50 females) between the age group of 20-50 years of age. Impressions were made using alginate impression and study models were prepared using dental stone. The CI length of the crown, maximum MD width and maximum LL width of both maxillary and mandibular permanent incisors, canines and first molars were evaluated using digital Vernier calipers. The obtained data were analyzed using linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression method.
RESULTS
This study concludes that MD dimension of maxillary canine and CI dimension of mandibular first molar as reliable indicators for gender determination than mandibular canine, maxillary and mandibular central incisors and maxillary first molar dimensions.
CONCLUSION
This study concludes that MD dimension of maxillary canine and CI dimension of mandibular first molar as reliable indicators for gender determination than mandibular canine, maxillary and mandibular central incisors and maxillary first molar dimensions.
PubMed: 34349433
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_400_20 -
Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi Jun 2020Objective To validate the accuracy and reliability of structured-light three-dimensional (SL-3D) scanning in measuring the length and area of the regular and...
Objective To validate the accuracy and reliability of structured-light three-dimensional (SL-3D) scanning in measuring the length and area of the regular and irregular scars on body surface and discuss its value in forensic practice. Methods The lengths of 30 cases of simulated linear scars and 50 cases of linear scars after injury were measured using soft ruler, vernier caliper + thin line method, and SL-3D scanning. The areas of 35 cases of simulated patchy scars and 15 cases of patchy scars after injury were measured using length × width, film tracing with coordinate paper method, pixel method, and SL-3D scanning, and then statistically analyzed. Results The differences between the length of the simulated linear scars measured by SL-3D scanning and standard length had no statistical significance. When simulated patchy scars and patchy scars after injury were measured with high surface curvature and large irregular areas, the differences between the results of SL-3D scanning measurement and the standard area had no statistical significance. When the length of 50 cases of linear scars after injury were measured using SL-3D scanning, the correlation coefficient between the measurement results of two different investigators was 0.998, and the correlation coefficient between the two measurement results by the same investigator was 1.000. The correlation coefficient between the results of SL-3D scanning and that of vernier caliper + thin line method was 0.996. Conclusion The three-dimensional information of the scars on the body surface can be acquired using SL-3D scanning. The measurement of the length and area of the scars is not influenced by the location of scars, curvature of surface, and human factors. The measurement results are accurate, reliable and has unique advantages.
Topics: Cicatrix; Data Collection; Forensic Medicine; Humans; Imaging, Three-Dimensional; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design
PubMed: 32705842
DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.03.004 -
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial... 2022Teeth morphometrics have been considered to be integral in identifying an individual as it is correlated with the body stature.
BACKGROUND
Teeth morphometrics have been considered to be integral in identifying an individual as it is correlated with the body stature.
AIM
The aim of the study was to determine the association between crown length and physical height of children and derive mathematical equations for the prediction of physical height from crown length of primary maxillary anterior teeth.
SETTING AND DESIGN
A dentomorphometric study was carried out among 100 Saudi Arabian children of 3-6 years of age. Maxillary arch impressions were taken for all participants. Clinical crown length and physical height were measured using digital Vernier Caliper and Physician Mechanical Beam Scale, respectively. Regression analysis, correlation analysis and unpaired -test were performed for data analysis.
RESULTS
In female children, a statistically significant moderate positive correlation between primary maxillary right lateral incisor and primary maxillary left central incisor and height of the children, and highly significant association between primary maxillary left lateral incisor and height of the children was found. Whereas for male children, there was a significant moderate positive correlation between primary maxillary right central incisor, primary maxillary right canine and primary maxillary left central incisor with physical height of children.
CONCLUSIONS
The research has established a significant positive correlation between the clinical crown length and the height of the children in combined sample for teeth numbers 51, 52, 53, 61 and 62. The study has derived the mathematical equations for the prediction of physical height from crown length of few maxillary anterior teeth, for both male and female children.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The estimation of physical height from the tooth-crown dimensions can prove to be quite beneficial aid in forensic investigations as teeth are resistant to huge traumatic forces such as in case of mass disasters.
PubMed: 35571301
DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_357_21 -
Journal of International Society of... 2016Tooth size prediction values are not universal for all ethnic and racial groups. The present study evaluated the applicability of Moyer's mixed dentition space analysis...
AIM AND OBJECTIVES
Tooth size prediction values are not universal for all ethnic and racial groups. The present study evaluated the applicability of Moyer's mixed dentition space analysis in the Marwari community of Rajasthan, India.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The mesiodistal dimension of permanent mandibular incisors, maxillary and mandibular canine, and premolars of both sides were measured and averaged in 200 adolescents (100 males and 100 females) of the Marwari population in Rajasthan using digital Vernier caliper. Data were statistically analyzed using Student's -test. The data were then compared with Moyer's predicted values. The tooth measurements of male and female participants were compared with unpaired -test.
RESULTS
Moyer's prediction chart was not comparable with the study population group. The coefficient of correlation and coefficient of determination in our study was 0.57 and 0.25, respectively. Mesiodistal width of measured teeth was lesser in females compared to males for both canine and premolars ( = 0.471 and = 0.0001, respectively).
CONCLUSION
There was significant statistical difference between values of the present study and Moyer's prediction values. Hence, new regression equation and prediction table can be used to predict mesiodistal dimensions of canine and premolars in Marwari children of Rajasthan.
PubMed: 27891312
DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.184037 -
Journal of Functional Biomaterials Mar 2022The study on the magnification of the clear acrylic resin in prosthetic dentistry is important but lacking. Hence, this research aimed to investigate the magnification...
The study on the magnification of the clear acrylic resin in prosthetic dentistry is important but lacking. Hence, this research aimed to investigate the magnification of the iris in the ocular prosthesis with various thicknesses of clear heat cure acrylic resin. A total of 60 ocular prostheses were divided into six groups with various thicknesses of clear heat cure acrylic resin over the iris; T0 (control): no acrylic resin, T1: 2, T2: 4, T3: 6, T4: 8, and T5: 10 mm of clear acrylic resin over the iris. Each ocular prosthesis was manufactured from white acrylic, with a 10.250 mm iris. Then, the clear heat cure resin was placed over the iris, cured, then polished. The final diameter of the iris was measured with a vernier caliper. The sizes of the iris were compared among various groups using one-way ANOVA, and a significant level was chosen at p value = 0.01. The mean sizes of iris were T0 = 10.25, T1 = 10.92, T2 = 11.26, T3 = 11.91, T4 = 12.75, and T5 = 13.43 mm. The size of the iris was significantly different among the group (p < 0.0001). The magnification of the iris for different groups was 1.06 for T1, 1.10 for T2, 1.16 for T3, 1.24 for T4, and 1.31 for T5. The magnification of the iris increased as the thickness of clear heat cure acrylic resin over the iris is increased on the ocular prosthesis.
PubMed: 35323229
DOI: 10.3390/jfb13010029 -
Journal of the Indian Society of... 2022In the mixed dentition period, malocclusion is in dormant stage, any interception should be preceded by a mixed dentition space analysis.
CONTEXT
In the mixed dentition period, malocclusion is in dormant stage, any interception should be preceded by a mixed dentition space analysis.
AIMS
To derive new regression equation in sample subjects (indigenous group) with no intermaxillary tooth size discrepancy (Bolton's ratio) residing in Davangere and to evaluate its accuracy. To assess the difference of tooth dimensions between males and females and difference between right and left of dental arches.
DESIGN
Descriptive study.
AND METHODS
One hundred and fifty children (11-15 years) were included and dental casts were made. A digital Vernier caliper was used for the measurement of teeth. Bolton's ratio was calculated. Group A: Casts without Bolton's discrepancy and Group B: Casts with Bolton's discrepancy.
USED
The data were analyzed with the SPSS software version 22.0. New regression equations were derived using correlation and regression analysis.
RESULTS
No statistically significant difference was recorded between the actual and predicted mesiodistal widths (MDWs) of permanent canine and premolars in maxilla and mandible, with/without Bolton's discrepancy. Males had statistically significant higher mean in maxillary and mandibular canine dimensions than female and no statistically significant difference between right and left side of dental arches was found.
CONCLUSION
New regression equation was formulated for Davangere population, in which actual and predicted widths of permanent canines and premolars were found to be almost similar when established from sample with/without Bolton's discrepancy. In MDWs, the canine showed significant sexual dimorphism and no clinically significant variations were seen in the right and left sides of both the arches.
Topics: Cuspid; Dental Arch; Dentition, Mixed; Female; Humans; Incisor; Male; Odontometry
PubMed: 35859406
DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_95_22 -
Open Veterinary Journal 2022It is vital to understand the gross anatomy and dimensions of the metacarpal and metatarsal bones in camels in order for veterinarians to identify fraud cases between...
BACKGROUND
It is vital to understand the gross anatomy and dimensions of the metacarpal and metatarsal bones in camels in order for veterinarians to identify fraud cases between males and females by carefully distinguishing between them.
AIM
It is to make comparisons of the morphological characteristics and measurements of the metacarpus and metatarsus bones of male and female camels.
METHODS
Forty metacarpus and metatarsus of adult camels of both sexes were collected from a typical Burydah slaughterhouse in KSA. The bones were treated according to the established methods of boiling, drying, and bleaching to study morphology. The measurement of the bones in this study has been taken by using digital vernier calipers.
RESULTS
The metacarpus and metatarsus consisted of two large and two small bones. The large metacarpal and metatarsal bones consisted of fused III and IV. Except for the distal side in which the two bones diverge more from each other. The metacarpal bone is similar to the metatarsus, except that it is smaller in measurement majority. The small Mc-Mt II and Mc-Mt V were smaller and present on the palmo-lateral or planto-lateral aspect of the large bones, respectively. The length of the metacarpus and metatarsus is almost equal nearly in camels unlike the rest of the animals as well as the metacarpus bone was unlike the metatarsus in form and measurements generally.
CONCLUSION
The large metacarpus and metatarsus bones are distinguished by the fusion of the third and fourth bones along the length of the bone. Except for the distal side in which the two bones diverge more from each other like the rest of the animals. The morphologically characterized majority of the metacarpal bone was similar to the metatarsus, except that it was proximal extremity, cross-section, and measurement.
Topics: Male; Female; Animals; Metatarsal Bones; Metacarpal Bones; Camelus; Metatarsus; Metacarpus
PubMed: 36589408
DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2022.v12.i5.9