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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Nov 1990A total of 1,835 Yersinia spp. were isolated from 925 (60.5%) of 1,530 wild mice and from 139 (79.9%) of 174 moles living in mountainous areas of eastern Shimane...
A total of 1,835 Yersinia spp. were isolated from 925 (60.5%) of 1,530 wild mice and from 139 (79.9%) of 174 moles living in mountainous areas of eastern Shimane Prefecture, Japan. The Yersinia spp. included 1,106 Yersinia enterocolitica, 26 Y. enterocolitica-like, 176 Yersinia mollaretii, 149 Yersinia frederiksenii, 70 Yersinia intermedia, 231 Yersinia kristensenii, 5 Yersinia aldovae, and 72 Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Human pathogenic Y. enterocolitica was not isolated. Y. pseudotuberculosis was divided into 10 virulent 40- to 50-MDa plasmid-positive (P+) strains (serotypes 1b, 4b, and untypeable) and 62 plasmid-negative (P-) strains (serotypes 1b, 2b, 2c, 4a, 5a, 5b, 6, 7, and untypeable). P+ strains of serotypes 1b (two strains), 4b (seven strains), and untypeable (one strain) were isolated from nine Apodemus specious and one Apodemus argenteus. The isolates of Yersinia spp. were more frequently detected in newborn mice and during the breeding season. The P+ Y. pseudotuberculosis strains were recovered at less than 10(4) cells per g of the cecal contents. Thus, the prevalence of Yersinia spp. in small wild animals depends on the newborn animals born during the cold months, and wild mice in mountainous areas are important reservoirs of Y. pseudotuberculosis.
Topics: Animals; Female; Japan; Male; Moles; Muridae; Seasons; Virulence; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis; Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Infections
PubMed: 2254420
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.28.11.2448-2455.1990 -
Journal of Food Protection Apr 2000A total of 160 meat product samples were collected from commercial outlets in Mexico City to investigate the presence of different species of Yersinia by the 4 degrees C...
A total of 160 meat product samples were collected from commercial outlets in Mexico City to investigate the presence of different species of Yersinia by the 4 degrees C enrichment method after 1, 3, 5, and 7 days of incubation using alkaline treatment and isolating in cefsulodin-Irgasan-novobiocin and MacConkey agars with Tween 80. Overall, Yersinia spp. were isolated from 27% of the samples analyzed, whereas 40% of the raw and only 13% of the precooked samples were contaminated. Although 2,970 colonies showed Yersinia characteristics, only 706 (24%) actually corresponded to this genus: 49% were Yersinia enterocolitica, 25% Yersinia kristensenii, 15% Yersinia intermedia, 9% Yersinia frederiksenii, and 2% Yersinia aldovae; 10% corresponded to biotype 2, 2% to biotype 3, and 4% to biotype 4. The presence of Yersinia in raw and cooked meat products represents a health risk for consumers in Mexico, where further clinical studies are needed to assess the epidemiological importance of this pathogen.
Topics: Animals; Chickens; Food Microbiology; Meat Products; Mexico; Swine; Yersinia
PubMed: 10772223
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-63.4.542 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Nov 2023Sulfoquinovose (SQ, 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose) is a sulfosugar that is the anionic head group of plant, algal, and cyanobacterial sulfolipids: sulfoquinovosyl...
Sulfoquinovose (SQ, 6-deoxy-6-sulfoglucose) is a sulfosugar that is the anionic head group of plant, algal, and cyanobacterial sulfolipids: sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols. SQ is produced within photosynthetic tissues, forms a major terrestrial reservoir of biosulfur, and is an important species within the biogeochemical sulfur cycle. A major pathway for SQ breakdown is the sulfoglycolytic Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, which involves cleavage of the 6-carbon chain of the intermediate sulfofructose-1-phosphate (SFP) into dihydroxyacetone and sulfolactaldehyde, catalyzed by class I or II SFP aldolases. While the molecular basis of catalysis is understood for class I SFP aldolases, comparatively little is known about class II SFP aldolases. Here, we report the molecular architecture and biochemical basis of catalysis of two metal-dependent class II SFP aldolases from Hafnia paralvei and Yersinia aldovae. 3D X-ray structures of complexes with substrate SFP and product dihydroxyacetone phosphate reveal a dimer-of-dimers (tetrameric) assembly, the sulfonate-binding pocket, two metal-binding sites, and flexible loops that are implicated in catalysis. Both enzymes were metal-dependent and exhibited high K values for SFP, consistent with their role in a unidirectional nutrient acquisition pathway. Bioinformatic analysis identified a range of sulfoglycolytic Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas gene clusters containing class I/II SFP aldolases. The class I and II SFP aldolases have mututally exclusive occurrence within Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phyla, respectively, while both classes of enzyme occur within Proteobacteria. This work emphasizes the importance of SQ as a nutrient for diverse bacterial phyla and the different chemical strategies they use to harvest carbon from this sulfosugar.
Topics: Aldehyde-Lyases; Carbon; Fructose-Bisphosphate Aldolase; Metals; Phosphates
PubMed: 37838169
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105338 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Jun 2005The intra- and interspecies genetic relationships of 58 strains representing all currently known species of the genus Yersinia were examined by multilocus sequence...
The intra- and interspecies genetic relationships of 58 strains representing all currently known species of the genus Yersinia were examined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), using sequence data from 16S RNA, glnA, gyrB, recA, and Y-HSP60 loci. Yersinia aldovae, Y. bercovieri, Y. intermedia, Y. pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, Y. rohdei, and Y. ruckeri were genetically more homogeneous than were Y. enterocolitica, Y. frederiksenii, Y. kristensenii, and Y. mollaretii. The MLST data concerning the genetic relatedness within and among various species of Yersinia support the idea that Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis are two lineages within the same species rather than two distinct species. Y. ruckeri is the genetically most distant species within the genus. There was evidence of O-antigen switching and genetic recombination within and among various species of Yersinia. The genetic relatedness data obtained by MLST of the four housekeeping genes and 16S RNA agreed in most, but not all, instances. MLST was better suited for determining genetic relatedness among yersiniae than was 16S RNA analysis. Some strains of Y. frederiksenii and Y. kristensenii are genetically less related to other strains within those species, compared to strains of all other species within the genus. The taxonomic standing of these strains should be further examined because they may represent currently unrecognized Yersinia species.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Dogs; Genetic Variation; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Yersinia
PubMed: 15956383
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.43.6.2674-2684.2005 -
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) May 2008New, high-throughput sequencing technologies have made it feasible to cheaply generate vast amounts of sequence information from a genome of interest. The computational...
MOTIVATION
New, high-throughput sequencing technologies have made it feasible to cheaply generate vast amounts of sequence information from a genome of interest. The computational reconstruction of the complete sequence of a genome is complicated by specific features of these new sequencing technologies, such as the short length of the sequencing reads and absence of mate-pair information. In this article we propose methods to overcome such limitations by incorporating information from optical restriction maps.
RESULTS
We demonstrate the robustness of our methods to sequencing and assembly errors using extensive experiments on simulated datasets. We then present the results obtained by applying our algorithms to data generated from two bacterial genomes Yersinia aldovae and Yersinia kristensenii. The resulting assemblies contain a single scaffold covering a large fraction of the respective genomes, suggesting that the careful use of optical maps can provide a cost-effective framework for the assembly of genomes.
AVAILABILITY
The tools described here are available as an open-source package at ftp://ftp.cbcb.umd.edu/pub/software/soma
Topics: Algorithms; Base Sequence; Chromosome Mapping; Genome, Bacterial; Molecular Sequence Data; Optics and Photonics; Restriction Mapping; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 18356192
DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn102