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Journal of Clinical Microbiology Apr 1994The ability of the RapID onE system (Innovative Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Norcross, Ga.) to identify 364 strains in the family Enterobacteriaceae and 15...
The ability of the RapID onE system (Innovative Diagnostic Systems, Inc., Norcross, Ga.) to identify 364 strains in the family Enterobacteriaceae and 15 oxidase-negative, gram-negative, nonfermentative rods was evaluated. Kits were inoculated with no. 2 McFarland standard suspensions, and reactions were interpreted after 4 h of incubation at 35 degrees C. Overall, the method correctly identified (to the species level or to the genus level for salmonellas and non-Shigella sonnei Shigella species) 363 strains (95.8%) without additional tests. For four strains (1.0%), additional tests were required to delineate the correct identification from a range of two or more possibilities; these included one Serratia liquefaciens (Serratia marcescens or Serratia liquefaciens), one Serratia rubidaea (Serratia rubidaea or Serratia odorifera), one Salmonella typhi (Leminorella richardii or Salmonella sp.) and one Yersinia enterocolitica (Yersinia frederiksenii, Yersinia intermedia, or Yersinia enterocolitica). Twelve strains (3.2%) were misidentified or yielded codes with no identification; these comprised one Citrobacter amalonaticus (no identification), three Enterobacter hormaechei (not in the RapID onE database; two Enterobacter amnigenus, one Enterobacter sp.), one Serratia liquefaciens (Enterobacter cloacae), one Serratia rubidaea (no identification), four Serratia fonticola (not in RapID onE database; two Enterobacter aerogenes, one Serratia marcescens, one not identified), one Proteus mirabilis (Proteus penneri), and one Proteus vulgaris (Providencia rustigianii). If the seven strains not included in the database had been excluded, correct identification rates would have risen to 97.6% without additional tests and 98.7% with additional tests, with misidentification rates dropping to 1.3%. The RapID onE system is easy to set up and the results are easy to read, and the system provides an accurate, nonautomated commercially available method for the same-day identification of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and oxidase-negative, gram-negative nonfermenters.
Topics: Bacteriological Techniques; Enterobacteriaceae; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Fermentation; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Humans; Oxidoreductases; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 8027345
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.32.4.931-934.1994 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Feb 1988A semiquantitative indirect immunofluorescence assay to detect coproantibody secretory IgA (SIgA) was established to investigate the human intestinal immune response to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A semiquantitative indirect immunofluorescence assay to detect coproantibody secretory IgA (SIgA) was established to investigate the human intestinal immune response to Yersinia species. This assay was based on microagglutination of SIgA in fecal specimens with the patient's homologous organism. Two populations of patients were defined, those who produced an agglutinating (2+) SIgA response and those who did not. A comparison between SIgA production and standard in vitro virulence-related characteristics of infecting organisms, including autoagglutination, calcium dependence, plasmid carriage, and absorption of Congo red, mouse virulence, and clinical presentation, was performed. A positive (2+) SIgA result was associated with acute enteric illness (positive predictive value, 78.6%) and mouse virulence (positive predictive value, 85.7%). When patients with active inflammatory bowel disease were excluded, the positive predictive value of SIgA for mouse virulence and acute enteric disease became 100%. In addition to strains of Yersinia enterocolitica 4,O:3, strains generally characterized as nonpathogenic, including Yersinia frederiksenii, were found to be associated with acute disease, mouse virulence, and stimulation of SIgA. The indirect immunofluorescence assay for detection of SIgA response appears to be a useful indicator of pathogenic strains of yersiniae recovered from enteric specimens.
Topics: Acute Disease; Agglutination Tests; Animals; Cross Reactions; Enteritis; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Humans; Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; Intestines; Mice; Predictive Value of Tests; Virulence; Yersinia; Yersinia Infections
PubMed: 3277996
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.26.2.287-292.1988 -
Bioinformation 2011The multi-copy single-stranded DNA (msDNA) is yielded by the action of reverse transcriptase of retro-element in a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. Upon this...
Comparative Study of different msDNA (multicopy single-stranded DNA) structures and phylogenetic comparison of reverse transcriptases (RTs): evidence for vertical inheritance.
The multi-copy single-stranded DNA (msDNA) is yielded by the action of reverse transcriptase of retro-element in a wide range of pathogenic bacteria. Upon this phenomenon, it has been shown that msDNA is only produced by Eubacteria because many Eubacteria species contained reverse transcriptase in their special retro-element. We have screened around 111 Archaea at KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) database available at genome net server and observed three Methanosarcina species (M.acetivorans, M.barkeri and M.mazei), which also contained reverse transcriptase in their genome sequences. This observation of reverse transcriptase in Archaea raises questions regarding the origin of this enzyme. The evolutionary relationship between these two domains of life (Eubacteria and Archaea) hinges upon the phenomenon of retrons. Interestingly, the evolutionary trees based on the reverse transcriptases (RTs) and 16S ribosomal RNAs point out that all the Eubacteria RTs were descended from Archaea RTs during their evolutionary times. In addition, we also have shown some significant structural features among the newly identified msDNA-Yf79 in Yersinia frederiksenii with other of its related msDNAs (msDNA-St85, msDNA-Vc95, msDNA-Vp96, msDNA-Ec78 and msDNA-Ec83) from pathogenic bacteria. Together the degree of sequence conservation among these msDNAs, the evolutionary trees and the distribution of these ret (reverse transcriptase) genes suggest a possible evolutionary scenario. The single common ancestor of the organisms of Eubacteria and Archaea subgroups probably achieved this ret gene during their evolution through the vertical descent rather than the horizontal transformations followed by integration into this organism genome by a mechanism related to phage recognition and/or transposition.
PubMed: 22102774
DOI: 10.6026/97320630007176 -
Journal of Food Protection Jul 1987Twenty-five samples of several types of meat purchased at supermarkets in Rio de Janeiro were analyzed for presence of Yersinia . Species were isolated from 80% of beef...
Twenty-five samples of several types of meat purchased at supermarkets in Rio de Janeiro were analyzed for presence of Yersinia . Species were isolated from 80% of beef and chicken giblets, 60% of ground beef and beef liver and 20% of pork, Fifteen strains were identified as Yersinia intermedia , 9 as Yersinia enterocolitica , 4 as Yersinia kristensenii and 1 as Yersinia frederiksenii . Two strains of Y. intermedia , serotype 0:13,7 were positive in both the autoagglutination and calcium-dependency tests. Two strains of atypical Y. intermedia (serotype 0:29 and one not typable) and one strain of atypical Y. enterocolitica , serotype 0:16; were positive only in the auto-agglutination test. Seventeen strains isolated from meat produced heat stable enterotoxin.
PubMed: 30965479
DOI: 10.4315/0362-028X-50.7.578