Disease or Syndrome
Alstrom syndrome
Subclass of:
Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies;
Retinitis Pigmentosa;
Ciliopathies
Definitions related to alstrom syndrome:
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A rare autosomal recessive syndrome caused by mutations in the gene ALMS1. Signs and symptoms include blindness, obesity, hearing loss, endocrine abnormalities, cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure, hepatic and renal failure.NCI ThesaurusU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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Alstr�m syndrome is characterized by cone-rod dystrophy, obesity, progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment, acute infantile-onset cardiomyopathy and/or adolescent- or adult-onset restrictive cardiomyopathy, insulin resistance / type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and chronic progressive kidney disease. Cone-rod dystrophy presents as progressive visual impairment, photophobia, and nystagmus usually starting between birth and age 15 months. Many individuals lose all perception of light by the end of the second decade, but a minority retain the ability to read large print into the third decade. Children usually have normal birth weight but develop truncal obesity during their first year. Sensorineural hearing loss presents in the first decade in as many as 70% of individuals and may progress to the severe or moderately severe range (40-70 db) by the end of the first to second decade. Insulin resistance is typically accompanied by the skin changes of acanthosis nigricans, and proceeds to T2DM in the majority by the third decade. Nearly all demonstrate hypertriglyceridemia. Other findings can include endocrine abnormalities (hypothyroidism, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in males, and hyperandrogenism in females), urologic dysfunction / detrusor instability, progressive decrease in renal function, and hepatic disease (ranging from elevated transaminases to steatohepatitis/NAFLD). Approximately 20% of affected...GeneReviewsUniversity of Washington, 2021
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Rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by multiple organ dysfunction. The key clinical features include retinal degeneration (NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; and eventual blindness), childhood obesity, sensorineural hearing loss, and normal mental development. Endocrinologic complications include TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS; HYPERINSULINEMIA; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; HYPOTHYROIDISM; and progressive renal and hepatic failures. The disease is caused by mutations in the ALMS1 gene.NLM Medical Subject HeadingsU.S. National Library of Medicine, 2021
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(alström syndrome) An autosomal recessive syndrome caused by mutation(s) in the ALMS1 gene encoding Alstrom syndrome protein 1. The condition is characterized by hyperphagia, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypogonadism, blindness, hearing loss, dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure, and hepatic and renal failure. Additionally, polycystic ovarian syndrome may occur in female individuals.NICHD Pediatric TerminologyU.S. National Cancer Institute, 2021
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Alstrom syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects many body systems. Symptoms develop gradually, beginning in infancy, and can be variable. In childhood, the disorder is generally characterized by vision and hearing abnormalities, childhood obesity, and heart disease (cardiomyopathy). Over time, diabetes mellitus, liver problems,...National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
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