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The Journal of International Medical... Aug 2022To analyze the clinical features, efficacy of antibiotic treatment, and outcome of neonatal listeriosis.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the clinical features, efficacy of antibiotic treatment, and outcome of neonatal listeriosis.
METHODS
This was a retrospective study that included all neonates diagnosed with listeriosis between January 2010 and December 2021.
RESULTS
Nine male patients and five female patients were analyzed, including 11 preterm and 3 term infants. The mean gestational age was 34 ± 2.6 weeks (29 + 2-40 + 2 weeks), and the mean birth weight was 2392 ± 603 g (1370-3580 g). The maternal clinical manifestations included fever (13/14 [92.9%]), meconium-stained amniotic fluid (12/14 [85.7%]), and intrauterine fetal distress (11/14 [78.6%]). The neonates presented with fever (14/14 [100%]), generalized maculopapular rash (7/14 [50%]), and convulsions (8/14 [57.1%]). Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis (11/14 [78.6%]), monocytosis (9/14 [64.3%]), elevated C-reactive protein levels (13/14 [92.9%]), and thrombocytopenia (6/14 [42.9%]). Eight patients had central nervous system involvement, and was isolated from the blood in all cases. Empiric antibiotic therapy consisted of a combination of third-generation cephalosporins and penicillin or vancomycin. Four patients died, and 10 patients were cured.
CONCLUSIONS
Preterm infants were more susceptible to listeria infection than term infants, with most having multiple organ injuries. Combined antibiotic application improved the effectiveness of treatment.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Male; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36003027
DOI: 10.1177/03000605221117207 -
Critical Reviews in Microbiology Sep 2021is one of the most invasive foodborne pathogens and is responsible for numerous outbreaks worldwide. Most of the methods to detect this bacterium in food require... (Review)
Review
is one of the most invasive foodborne pathogens and is responsible for numerous outbreaks worldwide. Most of the methods to detect this bacterium in food require selective enrichment using traditional bacterial culture techniques that can be time-consuming and labour-intensive. Moreover, molecular methods are expensive and need specific technical knowledge. In contrast, immunological approaches are faster, simpler, and user-friendly alternatives and have been developed for the detection of in food, environmental, and clinical samples. These techniques are dependent on the constitutive expression of antigens and the specificity of the antibodies used. Here, updated knowledge on pathogenesis and the key immunogenic virulence determinants of that are used for the generation of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for the serological assay development are summarised. In addition, immunological approaches based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, lateral flow immunochromatographic assays, and immunosensors with relevant improvements are highlighted. Though the sensitivity and specificity of the assays were improved significantly, methods still face many challenges that require further validation before use.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Bacterial; Antigens, Bacterial; Biosensing Techniques; Food Microbiology; Humans; Immunity, Innate; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Virulence; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 33896354
DOI: 10.1080/1040841X.2021.1911930 -
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease Apr 2023Invasive listeriosis is a rare but serious foodborne disease that causes maternal-neonatal, central nervous system, and bloodstream infections. The aim of this study was...
Invasive listeriosis is a rare but serious foodborne disease that causes maternal-neonatal, central nervous system, and bloodstream infections. The aim of this study was to assess the whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based genetic diversity of clinical isolates over a 7-year period and prove the effect of WGS application in food vehicle investigation. A total of 360 isolates were recovered during 2013 and 2019 through the national listeriosis special surveillance program. Two hundred twenty-six isolates (62.8%) were associated with pregnancy. All isolates belonged to lineage I (214 isolates) or lineage II (146 isolates), with 4 serogroups (46.9% IIb, 39.7% IIa, 12.5% IVb, and 0.8% IIc). All isolates were in 25 clonal complexes (CCs) and 3 singletons, with CC87, CC8, and CC5 being the most common causes of human listeriosis. All clinical isolates were positive for pathogenicity island 1 (LIPI-1), LIPI-3 was present in 21.4% of isolates and LIPI-4 was detected in 29.2% of isolates. LIPI-4-positive isolates, including CC87, sequence type (ST)619, ST382, CC4, and CC2, have been shown to confer hypervirulence. Fifteen isolates harbored at least one antimicrobial encoding gene, including (M), (A), (D), and (G). The sublineage designations were consistent with CC designations, and 215 distinct cgMLST types (CTs) were classified, the most abundant being CT58 and CT750. In summary, there is a high level of genetic diversity among the clinical isolates. WGS has strengthened listeriosis surveillance and will be implemented for other foodborne bacteria in the National Molecular Tracing Network for Foodborne Disease.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Food Microbiology; Listeriosis; Foodborne Diseases; China
PubMed: 37062811
DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2022.0040 -
Archives of Microbiology Dec 2021Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic bacterium present in several environments able to survive and proliferate in food processing plants, contaminating products that... (Review)
Review
Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic bacterium present in several environments able to survive and proliferate in food processing plants, contaminating products that when ingested can lead to listeriosis. Worldwide, the bacterium has been isolated from foods of animal and plant origin and its occurrence in ready-to-eat foods is a challenge for food processing establishments. Serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, and 4b related to 95% of listeriosis cases have been detected in different foods and presented resistance to common antibiotics such as tetracycline and penicillin. The analysis and dissemination of the presence of L. monocytogenes in different foods are essential to anchor control and prevention measures. In Brazil, despite the lack of official data on contamination by L. monocytogenes, some studies have reported the presence of bacteria in various foods and food processing environments. Thus, this review focuses on presenting the main characteristics of the L. monocytogenes, resistance to antimicrobial agents, and occurrence in several foods and countries from 2010 to 2020.
Topics: Animals; Food Handling; Food Microbiology; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Serogroup
PubMed: 34647141
DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02590-2 -
Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 2018Describe patient characteristics, treatment, and vision outcomes of Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis, an exceedingly rare form of listeriosis. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
Describe patient characteristics, treatment, and vision outcomes of Listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis, an exceedingly rare form of listeriosis.
METHODS
L. monocytogenes endophthalmitis cases in human adults, located through Medline (32) and from disease surveillance centers (11). L. monocytogenes conjunctivitis and keratitis were excluded.
RESULTS
Most cases occurred in 2000-2015 (22/43), and almost all in Europe or North America (40/43). Patients were a median 61 years, 57% male (24/42) and half were immunosuppressed. Median days from entering care to diagnosis was 8 (IQR = 5-17). Only four were exogenous infections. L. monocytogenes was identified in 31/35 of anterior eye fluid samples (89%). Antibiotic regimens varied markedly (mostly ≥3 drugs). At diagnosis, most were blind in the affected eye (85%, 28/33), only a third regained normal vision (12/36). Older patients had poorer outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS
Cases increased over time. Diagnostic delays were common and visual impairment often refractory to treatment, especially in older adults. The condition's rarity and variation in treatment makes it difficult to identify optimum therapy.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endophthalmitis; Eye Infections, Bacterial; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis
PubMed: 28145786
DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2016.1276788 -
The Veterinary Quarterly 2015
Topics: Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis
PubMed: 26566223
DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2015.1105600 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022Many bacterial species, including several pathogens, can enter a so-called "viable but non-culturable" (VBNC) state when subjected to stress. Bacteria in the VBNC state... (Review)
Review
Many bacterial species, including several pathogens, can enter a so-called "viable but non-culturable" (VBNC) state when subjected to stress. Bacteria in the VBNC state are metabolically active but have lost their ability to grow on standard culture media, which compromises their detection by conventional techniques based on bacterial division. Under certain conditions, VBNC bacteria can regain their growth capacity and, for pathogens, their virulence potential, through a process called resuscitation. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of the VBNC state of (), a Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium responsible for listeriosis, one of the most dangerous foodborne zoonosis. After a brief summary of characteristics of VBNC bacteria, we highlight work on VBNC in the environment and in agricultural and food industry settings, with particular emphasis on the impact of antimicrobial treatments. We subsequently discuss recent data suggesting that can enter the VBNC state in the host, raising the possibility that VBNC forms contribute to the asymptomatic carriage of this pathogen in wildlife, livestock and even humans. We also consider the resuscitation and virulence potential of VBNC and the danger posed by these bacteria to at-risk individuals, particularly pregnant women. Overall, we put forth the hypothesis that VBNC forms contribute to adaptation, persistence, and transmission of between different ecological niches in the One-Health , and suggest that screening for healthy carriers, using alternative techniques to culture-based enrichment methods, should better prevent listeriosis risks.
Topics: Animals; Female; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; One Health; Pregnancy; Virulence; Zoonoses
PubMed: 35372114
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.849915 -
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese... Oct 2023is recognized as a significant foodborne pathogen, capable of causing listeriosis in humans, which is a global public health concern. This pathogen is particularly... (Review)
Review
is recognized as a significant foodborne pathogen, capable of causing listeriosis in humans, which is a global public health concern. This pathogen is particularly dangerous for pregnant women, as it can lead to invasive listeriosis in fetuses and neonates, posing a significant threat to both maternal and fetal health. Therefore, establishing suitable and models for . placenta infection, as well as analyzing and exploring the infection process and its pathogenic mechanism, are important approaches to prevent and control . infection in mothers and infants. In this study, we reviewed the and placental models used for studying the infection of . in maternal and infant, summarized and discussed the advantages and limitations of each model, and explored the potential of cell models and organoids for the study of . infection. This paper aims to support the study of the infection pathway and pathogenesis of listeriosis and provide scientific references for the prevention and control of . infection.
Topics: Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Placenta; Public Health; Infant, Newborn
PubMed: 37877386
DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.230263 -
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton,... 2021Listeria monocytogenes is a model intracellular pathogen that can invade the cytoplasm of host mammalian cells. Cellular invasion can be measured using standard...
Listeria monocytogenes is a model intracellular pathogen that can invade the cytoplasm of host mammalian cells. Cellular invasion can be measured using standard techniques, such as the classical gentamicin protection assay, based on the quantification of colony-forming units from lysates of infected cells. In addition, there are methods based on immunofluorescence microscopy which allow for assaying invasion in a medium- to high-throughput manner. In the following sections, we detail two different assays that can be used alone or in combination to quantify the internalization of L. monocytogenes in host cells.
Topics: Bacterial Load; Colony Count, Microbial; HeLa Cells; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Listeriosis; Staining and Labeling
PubMed: 32975776
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0982-8_15 -
Journal of Food Protection Jan 2023Listeria monocytogenes has been implicated in numerous outbreaks and related deaths of listeriosis. In food production, L. monocytogenes occurs in raw food material and... (Review)
Review
Listeria monocytogenes has been implicated in numerous outbreaks and related deaths of listeriosis. In food production, L. monocytogenes occurs in raw food material and above all, through postprocessing contamination. The use of next-generation sequencing technologies such as whole-genome sequencing (WGS) facilitates foodborne outbreak investigations, pathogen source tracking and tracing geographic distributions of different clonal complexes, routine microbiological/epidemiological surveillance of listeriosis, and quantitative microbial risk assessment. WGS can also be used to predict various genetic traits related to virulence, stress, or antimicrobial resistance, which can be of great benefit for improving food safety management as well as public health.
Topics: Humans; Listeria monocytogenes; Food Chain; Food Microbiology; Multilocus Sequence Typing; Listeriosis; Disease Outbreaks
PubMed: 36916580
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2022.10.002