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Annals of Oncology : Official Journal... May 2017Periodontal disease (PD), now our commonest infectious disorder leads to tooth loss, and has been linked to various systemic diseases, including various types of cancer.... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Periodontal disease (PD), now our commonest infectious disorder leads to tooth loss, and has been linked to various systemic diseases, including various types of cancer. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the relationship between PD, edentulism, and pancreatic cancer (PC).
PATIENTS AND METHODS
From an initial review of 327 references we selected eight studies concerning periodontitis or edentulism with sufficient quantitative information to allow us to examine the risk of PC. We used relative risks (RRs), hazard ratios, or odds ratios to measure the association between periodontitis, edentulism, and PC. We employed random effects models to obtain summary risks, and we also provide measures of study differences and possible biases.
RESULTS
The summary RR for periodontitis and PC was 1.74 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41-2.15] and 1.54 for edentulism (95% CI 1.16-2.05). There was no evidence of heterogeneity for either variable, and no evidence of publication bias. The studies included reports from three continents, suggesting that the association is generalizable. Most of the studies were adjusted for variables thought to be associated with PC, such as gender, smoking, BMI, diabetes, and alcohol.
CONCLUSIONS
Using meta-analysis, both periodontitis and edentulism appear to be associated with PC, even after adjusting for common risk factors. As yet, the mechanisms linking oral disease and PC are uncertain, but could be related to changes in the oral microbiome-an area of current research.
Topics: Animals; Causality; Humans; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Periodontal Diseases; Proportional Hazards Models; Risk Factors; Tooth Loss
PubMed: 28453689
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx019 -
BioMed Research International 2020The associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk remain debatable. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether...
BACKGROUND
The associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk remain debatable. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether periodontal disease and tooth loss are associated with lung cancer risk.
METHODS
A literature search was performed for relevant studies using PubMed and Embase databases. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied as effect size to summarize the associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk. A further dose-response analysis was also performed.
RESULTS
A total of twelve studies comprising 263,238 participants were included. The results indicated that periodontal disease was positively associated with lung cancer risk (RR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.16-1.63). There was a positive association between tooth loss and lung cancer risk (RR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.46-1.96). Moreover, there was a significantly linear dose-response relationship between tooth loss and lung cancer risk, and every 5 increment in tooth loss was associated with 10% increased lung cancer risk. Similar results were obtained in subgroup analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Periodontal disease and tooth loss are increased risk factors for lung cancer. Prevention and treatment of periodontal disease may be effective potential prevention strategies for lung cancer.
Topics: Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Periodontal Diseases; Risk Factors; Tooth Loss
PubMed: 32802852
DOI: 10.1155/2020/5107696 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Dec 2021Studies have found that periodontal disease and tooth loss are associated with increased mortality; however, associations with cause-specific mortality and all-cause...
AIM
Studies have found that periodontal disease and tooth loss are associated with increased mortality; however, associations with cause-specific mortality and all-cause mortality within specific subgroups have not been thoroughly investigated.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We examined the association of self-reported periodontal disease and disease/decay-related tooth loss with subsequent all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Sister Study, a prospective cohort study of 50,884 women aged 35-74 years at baseline, whose sister was diagnosed with breast cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the associations were calculated with adjustment for relevant confounders.
RESULTS
With a mean follow-up of 10.9 years (range 0.1-14.3), 2058 women died. Participants with periodontal disease had a slightly higher rate of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.08, 95% CI 0.98-1.19), while participants with tooth loss had an increased rate of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.05-1.26). For cause-specific mortality, women with tooth loss had increased rates of death from circulatory system diseases, respiratory system diseases, and endocrine/metabolic diseases. Results varied in stratified models, but no heterogeneity across strata was found.
CONCLUSIONS
In this large prospective study, periodontal disease and tooth loss were associated with all-cause and certain specific cause-specific mortality outcomes.
Topics: Cause of Death; Female; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Tooth Loss
PubMed: 34605056
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13557 -
Disease Markers 2018The Global Burden of Oral Diseases affects 3.5 billion people worldwide, representing the number of people affected by the burden of untreated dental caries, severe... (Review)
Review
The Global Burden of Oral Diseases affects 3.5 billion people worldwide, representing the number of people affected by the burden of untreated dental caries, severe periodontal disease, and edentulism. Thus, much more efforts in terms of diagnostics and treatments must be provided in the fight of these outcomes. In this sense, recently, the study of saliva as biological matrix has been identified as a new landmark initiative in the search of novel and useful biomarkers to prevent and diagnose these conditions. Specifically, saliva is a rich reservoir of different proteins and peptides and accessible due to recent advances in molecular biology and specially in targeted and unbiased proteomics technologies. Nonetheless, emerging barriers are an obstacle to the study of the salivary proteome in an effective way. This review aims at giving an overall perspective of salivary biomarkers identified in several oral diseases by means of molecular biology approaches.
Topics: Biomarkers; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Peptides; Periodontal Diseases; Proteins; Proteomics; Saliva; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 30524521
DOI: 10.1155/2018/6141845 -
Journal of Clinical Periodontology Oct 2017We assessed the longitudinal association between tooth loss and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) within the Nurses' Health Study.
AIM
We assessed the longitudinal association between tooth loss and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) within the Nurses' Health Study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
After excluding participants with prior cardiovascular diseases, 277 of 79,663 women were confirmed as PAD cases during 16 years of follow-up. Number of teeth and recent tooth loss were reported initially in 1992. Subsequent tooth loss was recorded in 1996 and in 2000. We evaluated the associations of baseline number of teeth and recent tooth loss with risk of PAD, adjusting for age, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, aspirin use, family history of myocardial infarction, BMI, alcohol consumption, physical activity, postmenopausal hormone use, and use of vitamin E, vitamin D, multivitamin and calcium.
RESULTS
Incident tooth loss during follow-up was significantly associated with higher hazard of PAD (HR = 1.31 95% CI: 1.00-1.71). However, the association appeared inverse among never smokers. There was no dose-response relationship between baseline number of teeth and PAD.
CONCLUSIONS
Tooth loss showed a modest association with PAD, but no dose-response relationship was observed.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Middle Aged; Nurses; Peripheral Arterial Disease; Risk Factors; Tooth Loss; United States
PubMed: 28766735
DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12787 -
Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue... May 2016The poor physical health faced by people with mental illness has been the subject of growing attention, but there has been less focus on the issue of oral health even... (Review)
Review
The poor physical health faced by people with mental illness has been the subject of growing attention, but there has been less focus on the issue of oral health even though it is an important part of physical health. This article discusses the two-way association between oral and mental health. In one direction, the prospect of dental treatment can lead to anxiety and phobia. In the other, many psychiatric disorders, such as severe mental illness, affective disorders, and eating disorders, are associated with dental disease: These include erosion, caries, and periodontitis. Left untreated, dental diseases can lead to teeth loss such that people with severe mental illness have 2.7 times the likelihood of losing all their teeth, compared with the general population. Possible interventions include oral health assessments using standard checklists that can be completed by nondental personnel, help with oral hygiene, management of iatrogenic dry mouth, and early dental referral.
Topics: Humans; Mental Disorders; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 27254802
DOI: 10.1177/0706743716632523 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2023The available evidence on the connections between tooth loss, denture use, and mortality from all causes or specific causes among older adults is inconclusive....
OBJECTIVES
The available evidence on the connections between tooth loss, denture use, and mortality from all causes or specific causes among older adults is inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between tooth loss, denture use, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults.
METHODS
A cohort of 5,403 participants aged 65 and older were recruited in the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey wave and followed up in the 2018 wave. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between the number of natural teeth, denture use, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
RESULTS
During a mean (SD) follow-up of 3.1 years (1.3), 2,126 deaths (39.3%) occurred. Individuals with 0 and 1-9 teeth had higher mortality due to all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and other causes (all -trend <0.05) than those with 20+ teeth. At the same time, no association was found with respiratory disease mortality. Participants who used dentures had lower mortality due to all causes [hazard ratios (HR) 0.79, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.71-0.88], CVD (HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.64-1.00), respiratory disease (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.48-0.92), and other causes (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.68-0.88) than those without dentures. Joint analysis revealed that older adults with fewer natural teeth and no dentures had higher mortality. Additionally, interaction analyses showed that the effects of the number of natural teeth on all-cause mortality were more pronounced in older adults aged <80 years (-value for interaction = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
Having fewer natural teeth, particularly less than 10 teeth, is linked to an increased risk of mortality from all causes, including CVD, cancer, and other causes, but not respiratory disease. The use of dentures would mitigate the adverse impact of tooth loss on all-cause and some cause-specific mortality.
Topics: Humans; Aged; Tooth Loss; Cohort Studies; Cause of Death; Cardiovascular Diseases; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37342280
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1194054 -
Saudi Medical Journal Mar 2016In this review, we summarized published reports that investigated the role of Nigella sativa (NS) and its active constituent, thymoquinone (TQ) in oral health and... (Review)
Review
In this review, we summarized published reports that investigated the role of Nigella sativa (NS) and its active constituent, thymoquinone (TQ) in oral health and disease management. The literature studies were preliminary and scanty, but the results revealed that black seed plants have a potential therapeutic effect for oral and dental diseases. Such results are encouraging for the incorporation of these plants in dental therapeutics and hygiene products. However, further detailed preclinical and clinical studies at the cellular and molecular levels are required to investigate the mechanisms of action of NS and its constituents, particularly TQ.
Topics: Benzoquinones; Dental Caries; Dental Pulp Diseases; Gingivitis; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Nigella sativa; Oral Health; Oral Ulcer; Periodontitis; Plant Extracts; Seeds; Stomatitis; Tooth Diseases
PubMed: 26905343
DOI: 10.15537/smj.2016.3.13006 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2021Dental caries and periodontal disease represent a health problem and a social cost for the entire population, and in particular for socio-economically disadvantaged... (Review)
Review
Dental caries and periodontal disease represent a health problem and a social cost for the entire population, and in particular for socio-economically disadvantaged individuals who are less resistant to disease. The aim of this review is to estimate the prevalence and severity of the two dental pathologies, caries and periodontal disease, in the different classes of socio-economically disadvantaged subjects and to understand which of them are most affected. A systematic search of the literature was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and Web of Science after establishing a suitable search strategy for each database, using keywords related to socio-economically vulnerable classes and health outcomes. Socio-economically disadvantaged individuals are more susceptible to tooth decay and periodontal disease (with relative tooth loss) than non-vulnerable people. Additionally, when multiple vulnerabilities are combined in the same subject, these oral diseases worsen. There is no type of vulnerability more affected by caries and periodontitis than others, since overall they all have severe disease indices. The data from this systematic literature review might be useful for health policy makers looking to allocate more resources and services to socially disadvantaged individuals, resulting in making them more resilient to oral disease due to their social marginalization.
Topics: Dental Caries; Humans; Mouth Diseases; Oral Health; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Tooth Loss
PubMed: 34886085
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312360 -
International Dental Journal Apr 2024Although systemic medical conditions are associated with periodontitis and tooth loss, large-scale studies that include less prevalent systemic conditions are needed....
BACKGROUND
Although systemic medical conditions are associated with periodontitis and tooth loss, large-scale studies that include less prevalent systemic conditions are needed. The purpose of the study was to investigate the link between periodontal disease and tooth loss with systemic medical conditions in a large and diverse population.
METHODS
Dental charts of adult patients who had attended the dental clinics seeking dental therapy of the universities contributing data to the BigMouth network and accepted the protocol of the study were included. Dental Procedure Codes and Current Procedural Terminology procedures were utilised to identify patients with and without periodontitis. Data were extracted from patients' electronic health records including demographic characteristics, dental procedural codes, and self-reported medical conditions as well as the number of missing teeth.
RESULTS
A total of 108,307 records were ultimately included in the analysis; 42,377 of them included a diagnosis of periodontitis. The median age of the included population was 47.0 years, and 55.2% were female. Older and male individuals were significantly more likely to be in the periodontitis group and have higher number of missing teeth. A number of systemic conditions are associated with periodontitis and a higher number of missing teeth. High blood pressure, smoking, drug use, and diabetes were all found to be significant. Other significant conditions were anaemia, lymphoma, glaucoma, dialysis, bronchitis, sinusitis hepatitis, and asthma.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of this retrospective study that utilised the BigMouth dental data repository, the association of a number of systemic conditions such as smoking, diabetes, and hypertension with periodontitis and tooth loss has been confirmed. Additional connections have been highlighted for conditions that are not commonly reported in the literature.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Tooth Loss; Retrospective Studies; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontitis; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 37833208
DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.08.002