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Parasites & Vectors Aug 2023Lucilia cuprina and L. sericata (family Calliphoridae) are globally significant ectoparasites of sheep. Current literature suggests that only one of these blowfly...
BACKGROUND
Lucilia cuprina and L. sericata (family Calliphoridae) are globally significant ectoparasites of sheep. Current literature suggests that only one of these blowfly subspecies, L. cuprina dorsalis, is a primary parasite causing myiasis (flystrike) in sheep in Australia. These species and subspecies are difficult to distinguish using morphological features. Hence, being able to accurately identify blowflies is critical for diagnosis and for understanding their relationships with their hosts and environment.
METHODS
In this study, adult blowflies (5 pools of 17 flies; n = 85) were collected from five locations in different states [New South Wales (NSW), Queensland (QLD), Tasmania (TAS), Victoria (VIC) and Western Australia (WA)] of Australia and their mitochondrial (mt) genomes were assembled.
RESULTS
Each mt genome assembled was ~ 15 kb in size and encoded 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs and a control region. The Lucilia species mt genomes were conserved in structure, and the genes retained the same order and direction. The overall nucleotide composition was heavily biased towards As and Ts-77.7% of the whole genomes. Pairwise nucleotide diversity suggested divergence between Lucilia cuprina cuprina, L. c. dorsalis and L. sericata. Comparative analyses of these mt genomes with published data demonstrated that the blowflies collected from sheep farm in TAS clustered within a clade with L. sericata. The flies collected from an urban location in QLD were more closely related to L. sericata and represented the subspecies L. c. cuprina, whereas the flies collected from sheep farms in NSW, VIC and WA represented the subspecies L. c. dorsalis.
CONCLUSIONS
Phylogenetic analyses of the mt genomes representing Lucilia from the five geographic locations in Australia supported the previously demonstrated paraphyly of L. cuprina with respect to L. sericata and revealed that L. c. cuprina is distinct from L. c. dorsalis and that L. c. cuprina is more closely related to L. sericata than L. c. dorsalis. The mt genomes reported here provide an important molecular resource to develop tools for species- and subspecies-level identification of Lucilia from different geographical regions across Australia.
Topics: Animals; Sheep; Calliphoridae; Phylogeny; Diptera; Myiasis; Genotype; Victoria; Nucleotides; Genomics
PubMed: 37573420
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05902-1 -
Oxford Medical Case Reports Aug 2023Fly larvae cause myiasis. The most common of these are and . Clinically, myiasis manifests as an erythematous papule that may become ulcerated and form furuncular...
Fly larvae cause myiasis. The most common of these are and . Clinically, myiasis manifests as an erythematous papule that may become ulcerated and form furuncular lesions. In patients who have been in endemic areas, these larvae are to be suspected. Below, we present a 75-year-old male with a clinical picture of a palpable mass in the areola associated with the outflow of serohematic fluid through a central orifice. A breast intraductal lesion was suspected, so a breast ultrasound and biopsy were performed, which showed a structure compatible with myiasis. The diagnostic challenge was the high number of different diagnoses and the little knowledge of health professionals about tropical diseases.
PubMed: 37637360
DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omac143 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jan 2024Sarcophagidae is one of the main fly families that is attracted to open wounds, ulcers, lesions, and other injuries for depositing their larvae. The presence of larvae... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Sarcophagidae is one of the main fly families that is attracted to open wounds, ulcers, lesions, and other injuries for depositing their larvae. The presence of larvae of flies in human tissues makes myiasis. Myiasis on the scalp could be more frightening in comparison with myiasis on the other parts of the body. It is a rare myiasis case that shows the ability of myiasis agents to attack various parts of the body. On the other hand, reporting of myiasis cases by Sarcophagidae larvae is not common due to difficulties in their identification. This study aimed to emphasize the importance of Sarcohagidae larvae in producing myiasis by describing the first case of soft tissue sarcoma infestation and provides a review of human myiasis by larvae of the Sarcophagidae family during 2010-2023 and also a review of wound myiasis cases associated with malignancy during 2000-2023.
CASE PRESENTATION
A case of sarcoma cancer myiasis is reported on the scalp of a 43-year-old man who referred to one of Tehran's hospitals for surgical treatment of cancer. Before surgery, insect larvae were observed in the area of sarcoma. The larvae were isolated, examined morphologically, and identified as Sarcophaga spp.
CONCLUSIONS
Myiasis has been considered as a neglected disease. Publishing of myiasis cases could be useful to alert health policy-makers about its danger and appearance in the community. It is not usual but can be expected even on the scalp of the human head. Exact daily supervision and dressing of the wound could be recommended to prevent cutaneous myiasis.
Topics: Male; Animals; Humans; Adult; Scalp; Iran; Sarcoma; Myiasis; Larva
PubMed: 38183025
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08957-8 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Aug 2023Genital myiasis is an infestation of genital organs by fly larvae, where they feed and develop as parasites. They can cause severe infection, inflammatory reaction and...
Genital myiasis is an infestation of genital organs by fly larvae, where they feed and develop as parasites. They can cause severe infection, inflammatory reaction and can be linked to psychiatric disturbances. We report a rare case of genital myiasis in an elderly postmenopausal woman aged 82 years from Udaipur, Rajasthan. She presented with complaints of intense pain in the genital region and was diagnosed as a case of genital myiasis of a prolapsed uterus. Pelvic examination revealed 'Stage-IV' genitourinary prolapse according to Pelvic Organ Prolapse-Quantification (POP-Q classification), with a big excavatory ulcer indwelled with maggots of . About 100 such maggots were subsequently manually removed with forceps. With proper surgical and nonsurgical interventions, the patient healed completely and the prolapse was reduced completely.
PubMed: 37767442
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1830_22 -
Journal of Insect Science (Online) Nov 2023Chitinases play a crucial role in insect metamorphosis by facilitating chitin degradation. Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a...
Chitinases play a crucial role in insect metamorphosis by facilitating chitin degradation. Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a typical holometabolous insect and an important hygiene pest that causes myiasis in humans and other mammals and acts as a vector for various parasitic agents, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Enhancing the understanding of the metamorphosis in this species has significance for vector control. In this study, we identified a total of 12 chitinase genes in S. peregrina using bioinformatic analysis methods. Based on transcriptome data, SpIDGF2 and SpCht10 were selected for further functional investigation. The down-regulation of these genes by RNA interference led to developmental delays, disruptions in molting, and differences in cuticle composition during the pupal stage. These findings underscore the pivotal role of chitinase genes in the metamorphic process and offer valuable insights for effective control strategies.
Topics: Humans; Animals; Diptera; Sarcophagidae; Chitinases; Metamorphosis, Biological; Transcriptome; Mammals
PubMed: 38016007
DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iead107 -
Medecine Tropicale Et Sante... Sep 2023Myiasis is an infestation of humans or animals by larval forms of brachycetes. Commonly observed locations are otolaryngological and cutaneous. Gastrointestinal...
INTRODUCTION
Myiasis is an infestation of humans or animals by larval forms of brachycetes. Commonly observed locations are otolaryngological and cutaneous. Gastrointestinal localization remains exceptional. In this work, we report the observation of a Moroccan case of gastrointestinal myiasis caused by . Observation. The patient was a 56-year-old man living in a rural region of northwest Morocco. He was being followed at the National Oncology Institute in Rabat for pulmonary and renal adenocarcinoma and was put on neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with concomitant radiochemotherapy. The patient presented vomiting twice containing about forty small white, circular and hairless worms measuring 4 mm in length. This sample was sent to the parasitology and mycology laboratory for identification. Microscopic study of the larvae and adult flies obtained after rearing in the laboratory of parasitology allowed the diagnosis of myiasis caused by .
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION
This observation is noteworthy for both its exceptional anatomical localization and the implicated parasite species.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Drosophila melanogaster; Larva; Morocco; Myiasis
PubMed: 38094488
DOI: 10.48327/mtsi.v3i3.2023.360 -
Cureus Nov 2023A medical condition known as myiasis, or maggot infestation, occurs when fly larvae eat living tissue and continue to grow inside of it. Tropical and subtropical areas...
A medical condition known as myiasis, or maggot infestation, occurs when fly larvae eat living tissue and continue to grow inside of it. Tropical and subtropical areas are where it is most commonly seen. Human myiasis is more prevalent among individuals who have close contact with domestic animals and those living in unhygienic conditions. Traumatic cerebral myiasis is a rare clinical condition in humans with only two such cases documented in the literature. It is brought on by a parasite infestation, also referred to as a maggot infestation of dipteran larvae, on an untended open wound due to trauma. In this report, we present an exceedingly rare case of cerebral myiasis in a 54-year-old Indian male, the first report from India, occurring as a result of trauma. Wound debridement with maggots removal and antibiotic administration was done. However, the patient was lost to follow-up.
PubMed: 38073936
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48484 -
Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine Aug 2023Myiasis is the infestation of tissues of humans and other living vertebrates with the larva of flies, and it can affect any part of the body. Cutaneous myiasis is the...
INTRODUCTION
Myiasis is the infestation of tissues of humans and other living vertebrates with the larva of flies, and it can affect any part of the body. Cutaneous myiasis is the commonest form of presentation. Furuncular myiasis which is a sub-type of cutaneous myiasis typifies the presentation in this index patient. It is commonly caused by in Sub-Saharan African countries including Nigeria. It commonly occurs among rural dwellers, as well as people of low socio-economic and poor educational status.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a case of balanitis from distal penile myiasis in a 3 year 8-month-old male child of a health worker in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.
CONCLUSION
It is believed that with adequate knowledge, measures such as good hygiene and proper drying and ironing of underwear are helpful.
PubMed: 38298338
DOI: No ID Found -
World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024
PubMed: 38855368
DOI: 10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2024.038 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Sep 2023Myiasis is an ectoparasitic infestation caused by larvae of arthropods in the group Diptera. Cutaneous myiasis is the infection of skin and includes the following types:...
Myiasis is an ectoparasitic infestation caused by larvae of arthropods in the group Diptera. Cutaneous myiasis is the infection of skin and includes the following types: furuncular, migratory and wound myiasis. Out of all the organisms responsible for this disease, Wohlfahrtia vigil is the most common causative agent in Pakistan, usually seen from June to September with nearly all presentations occurring at a young age. In our case, a patient without a history of trauma, skin erosion or animal exposure has a unique presentation of cutaneous myiasis. Here, an effort was made to treat a 15- year-old otherwise healthy female with a multisegmented treatment modality. A follow up visit was conducted every three days for three months at the end of which a 60% decrease in the size of the open wound was observed.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Female; Adolescent; Scalp; Myiasis; Diptera; Larva; Skin
PubMed: 37817709
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.7461