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The Pan African Medical Journal 2022
Topics: Animals; Diptera; Humans; Larva; Myiasis
PubMed: 35865856
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.335.32098 -
Clinical Microbiology Reviews Jan 2012Myiasis is defined as the infestation of live vertebrates (humans and/or animals) with dipterous larvae. In mammals (including humans), dipterous larvae can feed on the... (Review)
Review
Myiasis is defined as the infestation of live vertebrates (humans and/or animals) with dipterous larvae. In mammals (including humans), dipterous larvae can feed on the host's living or dead tissue, liquid body substance, or ingested food and cause a broad range of infestations depending on the body location and the relationship of the larvae with the host. In this review, we deeply discuss myiasis as a worldwide infestation with different agents and with its broad scenario of clinical manifestations as well as diagnosis techniques and treatment.
Topics: Animals; Antiparasitic Agents; Diptera; General Surgery; Humans; Mammals; Myiasis
PubMed: 22232372
DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00010-11 -
Journal of Travel Medicine 2015Cutaneous myiasis is a well-established diagnosis in returning travelers from tropical countries. The most common form of myiasis seen in this population is localized... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Cutaneous myiasis is a well-established diagnosis in returning travelers from tropical countries. The most common form of myiasis seen in this population is localized furuncular myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis and Cordylobia anthropophaga. There are limited data on the disease course and outcome in travelers to tropical countries.
METHODS
A retrospective observational study of patients who presented with myiasis was conducted between 1999 and July 2014 in the post-travel clinics in Israel. Data regarding exposure history, travel duration, clinical presentation, treatment, and parasitological identification were collected and analyzed.
RESULTS
Among 6,867 ill returning Israeli travelers, 1,419 (21%) had a dermatologic complaint, 90 (6.3%) of them were diagnosed with myiasis. Myiasis was acquired in Latin America by 72 (80%) patients, mainly (54%) in the Madidi National Park, Amazonas Basin, Bolivia; 18 cases (20%) were acquired in Africa. In 76% of cases, manual extraction was sufficient to remove the larva; 24% required surgical intervention. Despite the fact that most patients did not receive antibiotic treatment, only one developed secondary infection, upon partial removal of the larva.
CONCLUSIONS
This is the largest myiasis case series in ill returning travelers. Myiasis is not a rare dermatologic complaint with most Israeli cases imported from Latin America and specifically the Madidi National Park in Bolivia. Treatment is based on full extraction of the larva after which no antibiotic treatment is needed. Myiasis is a preventable disease and travelers should be informed of the different preventive measures according to their travel destination.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Africa; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Coinfection; Diptera; Female; Humans; Israel; Larva; Latin America; Male; Middle Aged; Myiasis; Preventive Medicine; Retrospective Studies; Travel; Travel Medicine
PubMed: 25827950
DOI: 10.1111/jtm.12203 -
Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and... 1998Myiasis is a parasitic infestation caused by larvae of several fly species. Diagnosis and treatment are simple. This infestation is, however, rarely seen in the vulvar...
Myiasis is a parasitic infestation caused by larvae of several fly species. Diagnosis and treatment are simple. This infestation is, however, rarely seen in the vulvar area. We present a short review of the disease and the case of a 19-year-old pregnant girl with vulvar myiasis and concomitant syphilis, vaginal trichomoniasis and genital candidiasis. The patient was also positive for human immunodeficiency virus.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Myiasis; Pregnancy; Vulvar Diseases
PubMed: 9702589
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-0997(1998)6:2<69::AID-IDOG8>3.0.CO;2-2 -
Parasites & Vectors Jul 2019Myiasis is an infestation caused by larvae of Diptera in humans and other vertebrates. In domestic cats, Felis silvestris catus L. (Carnivora: Felidae), four dipteran... (Review)
Review
Myiasis is an infestation caused by larvae of Diptera in humans and other vertebrates. In domestic cats, Felis silvestris catus L. (Carnivora: Felidae), four dipteran families have been reported as agents of obligatory and facultative myiasis: Oestridae, Calliphoridae, Sarcophagidae and Muscidae. Among agents of obligatory myiasis, the most frequent genus is Cuterebra Clark (Oestridae) and the most frequent species is Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Calliphoridae). Among the agents of facultative myiasis, the most frequent species is Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Calliphoridae). A survey of myiasis in cats reported in literature shows that the cases are distributed worldwide and linked to the geographical range of the dipteran species. Factors favouring the occurrence of myiasis in cats are prowling in infested areas, poor hygiene conditions due to diseases and/or neglect, and wounds inflicted during territorial or reproductive competition. The aim of the review is to provide an extended survey of literature on myiasis in cats, as general information and possible development of guidelines for veterinarians, entomologists and other researchers interested in the field.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Domestic; Cat Diseases; Cats; Geography; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; Larva; Myiasis; Risk Factors; Veterinarians
PubMed: 31358036
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3618-1 -
Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2012Intestinal myiasis is a condition when the fly larvae inhabit the gastrointestinal tract and are passed out in faeces. This type of infestation results when eggs or...
PURPOSE
Intestinal myiasis is a condition when the fly larvae inhabit the gastrointestinal tract and are passed out in faeces. This type of infestation results when eggs or larvae of the fly, deposited on food are inadvertently taken by man. They survive the unfavourable conditions within the gastrointestinal tract and produce disturbances, which may vary from mild to severe. The condition is not uncommon and is often misdiagnosed as pinworm infestation. Correct diagnosis by the clinical microbiologist is important to avoid unnecessary treatment.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We had 7 cases of intestinal myiasis. In 2 cases the larvae were reared to adult fly in modified meat and sand medium (developed by Udgaonkar). This medium is simple and can be easily prepared in the laboratory.
RESULTS
Of the 7 larvae, 5 were Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis, 1 Megaselia species and 1 was identified as Muscina stabulans.
CONCLUSIONS
S. haemorrhoidalis was the commonest maggot involved. A high index of suspicion is required for clinical diagnosis when the patient complains of passing wriggling worms in faeces for a long period without any response to antihelminthics. The reason for long duration of illness and recurrence of infestation is baffling. The nearest to cure was colonic wash. We feel prevention is of utmost importance, which is to avoid eating food articles with easy access to flies.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Diptera; Female; Humans; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic; Male; Myiasis; Parasitology
PubMed: 22885201
DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.99496 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jun 2018
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Ghana; Humans; Larva; Male; Myiasis; Travel-Related Illness
PubMed: 29886886
DOI: No ID Found -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Feb 2018
Topics: Adolescent; Animals; Ghana; Humans; Larva; Male; Myiasis; Travel-Related Illness
PubMed: 29692322
DOI: No ID Found -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Feb 2020We review epidemiological and clinical data on human myiasis from Ecuador, based on data from the Ministry of Public Health (MPH) and a review of the available...
We review epidemiological and clinical data on human myiasis from Ecuador, based on data from the Ministry of Public Health (MPH) and a review of the available literature for clinical cases. The larvae of four flies, Dermatobia hominis, Cochliomyia hominivorax, Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis, and Lucilia eximia, were identified as the causative agents in 39 reported clinical cases. The obligate D. hominis, causing furuncular lesions, caused 17 (43.5%) cases distributed along the tropical Pacific coast and the Amazon regions. The facultative C. hominivorax was identified in 15 (38%) clinical cases, infesting wound and cavitary lesions including orbital, nasal, aural and vaginal, and occurred in both subtropical and Andean regions. C. hominivorax was also identified in a nosocomial hospital-acquired wound. Single infestations were reported for S. haemorrhoidalis and L. eximia. Of the 39 clinical cases, 8 (21%) occurred in tourists. Ivermectin, when it became available, was used to treat furuncular, wound, and cavitary lesions successfully. MPH data for 2013-2015 registered 2,187 cases of which 54% were reported in men; 46% occurred in the tropical Pacific coast, 30% in the temperate Andes, 24% in the tropical Amazon, and 0.2% in the Galapagos Islands. The highest annual incidence was reported in the Amazon (23 cases/100,000 population), followed by Coast (5.1/100,000) and Andes (4.7/100,000). Human myiasis is a neglected and understudied ectoparasitic infestation, being endemic in both temperate and tropical regions of Ecuador. Improved education and awareness among populations living in, visitors to, and health personnel working in high-risk regions, is required for improved epidemiological surveillance, prevention, and correct diagnosis and treatment.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Diptera; Ecuador; Female; Humans; Infant; Male; Middle Aged; Myiasis; Travel; Young Adult
PubMed: 32084134
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007858 -
Journal of the National Medical... Dec 1979Human clinical myiasis is a rare entity in temperate zones, but it is of frequent occurrence among indigenous populations in tropical countries. The physician in...
Human clinical myiasis is a rare entity in temperate zones, but it is of frequent occurrence among indigenous populations in tropical countries. The physician in practice in temperate zones, especially in urban areas, will generally see cases in those who have returned from rural travel or duty tours in tropical countries.Temperate zone physicians by training and clinical services frequently are not prepared to accurately diagnose and treat cases of myiasis. This paper is a report of experiences and records of cases of myiasis and is intended to alert temperate zone physicians to the possibilities of myiasis among a limited number of their patients.
Topics: Child; Female; Humans; Myiasis; Skin Diseases, Parasitic
PubMed: 522188
DOI: No ID Found